Measurement of charged particle spectra in deep-inelastic ep scattering at HERA

Charged particle production in deep-inelastic ep scattering is measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The kinematic range of the analysis covers low photon virtualities, 5 LT Q(2) LT 100 GeV2, and small values of Bjorken-x, 10(-4) LT x LT 10(-2). The analysis is performed in the hadronic centre-of-mass system. The charged particle densities are measured as a function of pseudorapidity (n(*)) and transverse momentum (p(T)(*)) in the range 0 LT n(*) LT 5 and 0 LT p(T)(*) LT 10 GeV in bins of x and Q(2). The data are compared to predictions from different Monte Carlo generators implementing various options for hadronisation and parton evolutions

Geophysical characterization of karst features above an underground mine near Quincy, Il

Advisors: Philip J. Carpenter.Committee members: Melissa Lenczewski; Paul R. Stoddard.Includes bibliographical references.Includes illustrations and maps.Extensive knowledge of subsurface structure is required for safe underground mining. Fractures and unexpected caves may make mining dangerous and/or impossible. The purpose of this study was to assess various geophysical methods that can identify karst cavities and associated features in bedrock to depths of up to 30 m. Two-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), azimuthal resistivity (AR), electromagnetic (EM) conductivity, seismic refraction, and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were made over a known cavity in the Mississippian Haight Creek dolomite near Quincy, IL. The dolomite is covered by approximately 20-30 m of glacial deposits. ERT and EM methods were used along multiple lines to detect spatial changes in subsurface structure, whereas AR was used to investigate electrical anisotropy in the subsurface. GPR surveys were conducted over the GPS location of the cavity. Seismic refraction surveys attempted to determine depth to bedrock in the vicinity of the karst feature. Nearby soil pipes and fractures may be a surface manifestation of this feature. The ERT surveys used a dipole-dipole array with maximum electrode spacing of 6 m and total line length of 114 m to achieve an approximate depth penetration of 24 m. AR measurements consisted of Wenner array soundings along lines of varying azimuth. EM surveys, performed with 40 m coil spacing, achieved a maximum signal response from 20-30 m depth in the vertical dipole mode. GPR surveys were made with 25 and 50 MHz antennas. Seismic experiments used a sledgehammer source and a 24-channel seismograph with 5 m geophone spacing. The EM conductivity method proved to be the most effective at delineating the target feature. Distinct high-conductivity anomalies were detected in the vicinity of the solution cavity, suggesting that it is filled with soil and/or water. Additional high-conductivity anomalies were also observed and may mean that undiscovered karst features are present to the south, southeast and east of the existing mine. Some ERT results also showed apparent discontinuities in the sedimentary layers, which could be indicative of fractures or cavities in the subcropping bedrock. These discontinuities were recorded below the soil pipes/fissures 25 m to the northeast from the cavity, but not above the cavity itself, which suggests that the cavity may be connected to the surface via a dipping conduit, fault or fracture. AR measurements support the orientation of the karst feature inferred from EM data, but interpretation of AR results involves complicated theory. GPR surveys with a 50 MHz antenna imaged what appears to be the water table, while surveys with a 25 MHz antenna may have detected bedrock surface with a depression above the cavity. However, GPR response was weak due to severe signal attenuation in silty, clayey glacial sediments, warranting future surveys with an even lower frequency antenna (such as 12.5 MHz). Seismic surveys suffered from noisy signal, rendering them unreliable. A more energetic seismic source may solve this problem. Overall the EM and 2D resistivity methods worked the best, and these methods are recommended for future surveys.M.S. (Master of Science

Screening of complex vertebral malformation (CVM) and bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) in the Ayrshire cattle breed in the North Caucasus

The Ayrshire dairy breed is renowned for producing large quantities of high quality milk and, therefore, is frequently used for crossbreeding. However, various hereditary anomalies caused by gene mutations have been recently recorded in calves produced by some Ayrshire sires. Most of these anomalies were shown to have a recessive inheritance pattern, thus imposing a threat of unpredictable dramatic changes in cattle genotypes under such factors as genetic drift, selection and inbreeding. The purpose of this study was to examine the susceptibility of the Ayrshire cattle bred in the North Caucasus to such hereditary abnormalities as complex vertebral malformation (CVM) and bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD). The investigation was carried out on 16 cows with various phenotype and reproduction disorders that were selected based on a three-year veterinary observation of 440 livestock animals. The target group cows were generally the descendants of Hannulan Yaskiyri, Riihiviidan Urho Errant and O.R. Lihting. The results demonstrated that no animals under study were the carriers of these genetic disorders, which proved the mutant alleles of BLAD and CVM to be absent from the Ayrshire cattle livestock bred in the North Caucasus. Therefor e, the sires of these cattle can be successfully used for breeding

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY OF THE STAVROPOL STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY: TENDENCIES AND RESULTS

The article describes approaches to stimulate the development of innovations and science at the Stavropol State Agrarian University on the example of R&D Department. This center promotes scientific-research and innovative activities of the teaching staff, postgraduates and students, provides the coordination and organization of the innovative activities at the University, cooperation of the University with ministries and departments, agricultural enterprises and business structures of the Northern Caucasus Federal District. Particular attention is paid to the interaction system between scientists and consumers. This system includes special algorithms of grant and project financing, intellectual property protection, publication of the results of scientific andtechnical activities. Statistic information about the University scientists’ participation in the innovation process is given

First crAss-Like Phage Genome Encoding the Diversity-Generating Retroelement (DGR)

A new crAss-like genome encoding diversity-generating retroelement (DGR) was found in the fecal virome of a healthy volunteer. The genome of the phage referred to as the crAssphage LMMB, belonged to the candidate genus I of the AlphacrAssvirinae subfamily. The DGR-cassette of the crAssphage LMMB contained all the essential elements: the gene encoding reverse transcriptase (RT), the target gene (TG) encoding the tail-collar fiber protein, and variable and template repeats (VR and TR) with IMH (initiation of mutagenic homing) and IMH* sequences at the 3′-end of the VR and TR, respectively. Architecture of the DGR-cassette was TG-VR(IMH)-TR(IMH*)-RT and an accessory variable determinant (avd) was absent from the cassette. Analysis of 91 genomes and genome fragments from genus I of the AlphacrAssvirinae showed that 15 (16%) of the genomes had DGRs with the same architecture as the crAssphage LMMB, while 66 of the genomes contained incomplete DGR-cassettes or some elements of the DGR

Spin Transition in the Cu(hfac)2 Complex with (4-Ethylpyridin-3-yl)-Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxide Caused by the “Asymmetric” Structural Rearrangement of Exchange Clusters in the Heterospin Molecule

Methods for the synthesis of binuclear [Cu(hfac)2LEt]2 and tetranuclear [[Cu(hfac)2]4(LEt)2] heterospin compounds based on copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate [Cu(hfac)2] and 2-(4-ethylpyridin-3-yl)-4,5-bis(spirocyclopentyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-3-oxide-1-oxyl (LEt), were developed. The crystals of the complexes are elastic and do not crash during repeated cooling–heating cycles. It was found that a singlet–triplet conversion occurred in all of the {Cu(II)–O•–N<} exchange clusters in the molecules of the binuclear [Cu(hfac)2LEt]2 which led to spin coupling with cooling. The transition occurred in a wide temperature range with a maximum gradient ΔχT at ≈180 K. The structural transformation of the crystals takes place at T < 200 K and is accompanied by the lowering of symmetry from monoclinic to triclinic, twinning, and a considerable shortening of the Cu–ONO distance (2.19 and 1.97 Å at 295 and 50 K, respectively). For the tetranuclear [[Cu(hfac)2]4(LEt)2], two structural transitions were recorded (at ≈154 K and ≈118 K), which led to a considerable change in the spatial position of the Et substituent in the nitronyl nitroxyl fragment. The low-temperature process was accompanied by a spin transition recorded as a hysteresis loop on the χT(T) curve during the repeated cooling–heating cycles (T½↑ = 122 K, T½↓ = 115 K). This transition is unusual because it causes spin coupling in half of all of the {>N–•O–Cu2+} terminal exchange clusters, leading to spin compensation for only two paramagnetic centers of the six centers in the molecule

Electrical Resistance Preheating of High-Amperage Cells

На текущий момент нет единого мнения о том, какой способ обжига лучше. В большинстве случаев выбор того или иного способа на каждом алюминиевом заводе определяется рядом объективных и субъективных факторов. Зачастую при выборе способа обжига не учитываются затраты на использование энергии на этот процесс (электрической или от сжигания эквивалентного количества различных видов топлива), что может иметь существенное значение для различных регионов и влиять на себестоимость выпускаемого алюминия. В данной статье представлены результаты испытаний электрического обжига электролизеров опытного участка РА-400 ОАО «РУСАЛ Саяногорск»At present, there is no single opinion on which cell preheating method is best. In most cases, such a method (that is to be chosen for a smelter) is chosen based on a number of objective and subjective factors. It is often when a method is chosen that power expenses (either electricity or power generated from fuel combustion) for such a method are not taken into account. However, it can play a crucial role for different regions and influence the production cost of Al. This paper discusses the results of testing the method of electrical preheating in a pilot cell area (RA-400 cells) at OJSC RUSAL Sayanogors

Human Blood Extracellular Vesicles Activate Transcription of NF-kB-Dependent Genes in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by various cell types are heterogeneous in size and composition. Changes in the RNA sets of EVs in biological fluids are considered the basis for the development of new approaches to minimally invasive diagnostics and the therapy of human diseases. In this study, EVs were obtained from the blood of healthy donors by centrifugation, followed by ultracentrifugation. It was shown that EVs consist of several populations including small exosome-like vesicles and larger microvesicle-like particles. The composition of EVs’ RNAs was determined. A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were incubated with EV and the NGS analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed. During the incubation of A549 cells with EVs, the levels of mRNA encoding components for the NF-kB signaling pathway increased, as well as the expression of genes controlled by the NF-kB transcription factor. Overall, our results suggest that components of EVs trigger the NF-kB signaling cascade in A549 cells, leading to the transcription of genes including cytokines, adhesion molecules, cell cycle regulators, and cell survival factors. Our data provide insight into the interaction between blood EVs and human cells and can be used for designing new tools for the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases

Electrical Resistance Preheating of High-Amperage Cells

На текущий момент нет единого мнения о том, какой способ обжига лучше. В большинстве случаев выбор того или иного способа на каждом алюминиевом заводе определяется рядом объективных и субъективных факторов. Зачастую при выборе способа обжига не учитываются затраты на использование энергии на этот процесс (электрической или от сжигания эквивалентного количества различных видов топлива), что может иметь существенное значение для различных регионов и влиять на себестоимость выпускаемого алюминия. В данной статье представлены результаты испытаний электрического обжига электролизеров опытного участка РА-400 ОАО «РУСАЛ Саяногорск»At present, there is no single opinion on which cell preheating method is best. In most cases, such a method (that is to be chosen for a smelter) is chosen based on a number of objective and subjective factors. It is often when a method is chosen that power expenses (either electricity or power generated from fuel combustion) for such a method are not taken into account. However, it can play a crucial role for different regions and influence the production cost of Al. This paper discusses the results of testing the method of electrical preheating in a pilot cell area (RA-400 cells) at OJSC RUSAL Sayanogors