Функціональна асиметрія нервової системи безхребетних на прикладі просторової орієнтації твердокрилих триби Tentyriini

The functional asymmetry of the nervous system of insects was studied on an example of two taxonomically and ecologically closed darkling beetles: Anatolica eremita (Steven, 1829) and Tentiria nomas taurica (Pallas, 1781). Species-specificity of motor-spatial asymmetry is revealed for imago of these species. Spatial differentiation of specimens’ movement for “right-handers”, “left-handers” and “ambidexters” with different degree of the sign display was investigated. Fluctuations and distributing of values of the asymmetry ratio for both species of the darkling beetles were determined. Influence of the first priority of the locomotion direction on further orientational manifestations was analysed.Исследованы проявления функциональной асимметрии нервной системы насекомых на примере двух близких в систематическом и экологическом плане жуков-чернотелок: Anatolica eremita (Steven, 1829) и Tentiriа nomas taurica (Pallas, 1781). Выявлена видоспецифичность проявления моторно-пространственной асимметрии у имаго данных видов. Исследована пространственная дифференциация движения особей на «правшей», «левшей» и «амбидекстров» с разной степенью проявления признака. Установлены колебания и распределение значений коэффициента асимметрии для обоих видов чернотелок. Проанализировано влияние первого приоритета направления локомации на последующие ориентационные проявления.Досліджено прояви функціональної асиметрії нервової системи комах на прикладі двох близьких у систематичному та екологічному плані видів жуків-чорнишів: Anatolica eremita (Steven, 1829) та Tentiria nomas taurica (Pallas, 1781). Виявлено видоспецифічний прояв моторно-просторової асиметрії імаго даних видів. Досліджено просторову диференціацію напряму руху особин на «правшів», «лівшів» і «амбідекстрів» із різним ступенем прояву ознаки. Встановлено коливання та розподіл значень коефіцієнта асиметрії для обох видів чорнишів. Проаналізовано вплив першого пріоритету напряму локомоції на подальші орієнтаційні прояви.

Photonic crystals of coated metallic spheres

It is shown that simple face-centered-cubic (fcc) structures of both metallic and coated metallic spheres are ideal candidates to achieve a tunable complete photonic bandgap (CPBG) for optical wavelengths using currently available experimental techniques. For coated microspheres with the coating width to plasma wavelength ratio $l_c/\lambda_p \leq 10$ and the coating and host refractive indices $n_c$ and $n_h$, respectively, between 1 and 1.47, one can always find a sphere radius $r_s$ such that the relative gap width $g_w$ (gap width to the midgap frequency ratio) is larger than 5% and, in some cases, $g_w$ can exceed 9%. Using different coatings and supporting liquids, the width and midgap frequency of a CPBG can be tuned considerably.Comment: 14 pages, plain latex, 3 ps figures, to appear in Europhys. Lett. For more info on this subject see http://www.amolf.nl/research/photonic_materials_theory/moroz/moroz.htm

Morphological features of liver effect in patients with chronic hepatitis B with HIV-coinfection

The article presents modern views on morphological disturbances in liver tissue at HBV/HIV patients. It was shown that "matte-glass-like" hepatocytes, inflammatory cell lymphocytic infiltrate of varying degrees and liver fibrosis are specific signs of HBV/HIV patients. Specific morphological signs of liver damage in co-infected patients confirm that HIV-infection worsens histological structure as well as functional balance. Therefore, development of pathohistology method of diagnostics becomes more and more necessary in patients with complicated liver injuries. New findings can give opportunity for early screening HBV-infected patients for HIV-markers, prescribing antiviral treatment at early stages. The research will build new approach for avoiding fast fibrogenesis

Multiplicity Fluctuations in the Pion-Fireball Gas

The pion number fluctuations are considered in the system of pions and large mass fireballs decaying finally into pions. A formulation which gives an extension of the model of independent sources is suggested. The grand canonical and micro-canonical ensemble formulations of the pion-fireball gas are considered as particular examples.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Сезонна динаміка підстилкової мезофауни антропогенно трансформованих екосистем м. Дніпродзержинськ

Peculiarities of formation and seasonal dynamics of litter invertebrates fauna in the territories under technogenic load of metallurgical and by-product coke industry are investigated. Features of the seasonal fluctuations of number, species quantity, taxonomic and functional structure of litter mesofauna are revealed. The dynamics analysis of the biodiversity of litter arthropods communities is carried out.Исследованы особенности формирования и сезонной динамики фауны подстилочных беспозвоночных территорий, находящихся под техногенным прессом металлургической и коксохимической промышленности. Выявлены особенности сезонных колебаний численности, количества видов, таксономической и функциональной структуры герпетобия. Проанализирована динамика уровня биоразнообразия сообществ напочвенных артропод.Досліджено особливості формування та сезонної динаміки фауни підстилкових безхребетних територій, що перебувають під техногенним тиском металургійної та коксохімічної промисловості. Виявлено сезонні коливання чисельності, кількості видів, зміни таксономічної та функціональної структури герпетобію. Проаналізовано динаміку рівня біорізноманіття угруповань наґрунтових артропо

Charge and Spin Effects in Mesoscopic Josephson Junctions

We consider the charge and spin effects in low dimensional superconducting weak links. The first part of the review deals with the effects of electron-electron interaction in Superconductor/Luttinger liquid/Superconductor junctions. The experimental realization of this mesoscopic hybrid system can be the individual single wall carbon nanotube that bridges the gap between two bulk superconductors. The dc Josephson current through a Luttinger liquid in the limits of perfectly and poorly transmitting junctions is evaluated. The relationship between the Josephson effect in a long SNS junction and the Casimir effect is discussed. In the second part of the paper we review the recent results concerning the influence of the Zeeman and Rashba interactions on the thermodynamical properties of ballistic S/QW/S junction fabricated in two dimensional electron gas. It is shown that in magnetically controlled junction there are conditions for resonant Cooper pair transition which results in giant supercurrent through a tunnel junction and a giant magnetic response of a multichannel SNS junction. The supercurrent induced by the joint action of the Zeeman and Rashba interactions in 1D quantum wires connected to bulk superconductors is predicted.Comment: 36 pages, 8 figures; minor changes in reference

Steam turbine materials and corrosion

Ultra-supercritical (USC) power plants offer the promise of higher efficiencies and lower emissions. Current goals of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Power Systems Initiatives include power generation from coal at 60% efficiency, which would require steam temperatures of up to 760°C. This project examines the steamside oxidation of candidate alloys for use in USC systems, with emphasis placed on applications in high- and intermediate-pressure turbines. As part of this research a concern has arisen about the possibility of high chromia evaporation rates of protective scales in the turbine. A model to calculate chromia evaporation rates is presented

Itinerancy and Hidden Order in URu2Si2URu_2Si_2

We argue that key characteristics of the enigmatic transition at $T_0= 17.5K$ in $URu_2Si_2$ indicate that the hidden order is a density wave formed within a band of composite quasiparticles, whose detailed structure is determined by local physics. We expand on our proposal (with J.A. Mydosh) of the hidden order as incommnesurate orbital antiferromagnetism and present experimental predictions to test our ideas. We then turn towards a microscopic description of orbital antiferromagnetism, exploring possible particle-hole pairings within the context of a simple one-band model. We end with a discussion of recent high-field and thermal transport experiment, and discuss their implications for the nature of the hidden order.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures. v2 contains added referenc

Spin-orbit coupling and ESR theory for carbon nanotubes

A theoretical description of ESR in 1D interacting metals is given, with primary emphasis on carbon nanotubes. The spin-orbit coupling is derived, and the resulting ESR spectrum is analyzed by field theory and exact diagonalization. Drastic differences in the ESR spectra of single-wall and multi-wall nanotubes are found. For single-wall tubes, the predicted double peak spectrum could reveal spin-charge separation.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, final version to appear in PR