111 research outputs found
On-line Identification of Electro-Conductivity in Electrolytic Solutions
An on-line method is proposed to identify electro-conductivity in electrolytic solutions. The method uses a model of a cell of electrolytic solutions in a micro reactor modeled by an electronic circuit. The circuit consists of a cell part with a resister and a capacitor connected in series and a measurement part having a resister. Then the resistance and the capacitance of the cell part are identified to calculate the electro-conductivity. The identification scheme is the least-square method with a forgetting factor calculated on-line. To avoid the effect of differentiation of measured signals, a filter is added to the identification method. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is shown by numerical simulation.</p
ECOMICS: A Web-Based Toolkit for Investigating the Biomolecular Web in Ecosystems Using a Trans-omics Approach
Ecosystems can be conceptually thought of as interconnected environmental and metabolic systems, in which small molecules to macro-molecules interact through diverse networks. State-of-the-art technologies in post-genomic science offer ways to inspect and analyze this biomolecular web using omics-based approaches. Exploring useful genes and enzymes, as well as biomass resources responsible for anabolism and catabolism within ecosystems will contribute to a better understanding of environmental functions and their application to biotechnology. Here we present ECOMICS, a suite of web-based tools for ECosystem trans-OMICS investigation that target metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and meta-metabolomic systems, including biomacromolecular mixtures derived from biomass. ECOMICS is made of four integrated webtools. E-class allows for the sequence-based taxonomic classification of eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomal data and the functional classification of selected enzymes. FT2B allows for the digital processing of NMR spectra for downstream metabolic or chemical phenotyping. Bm-Char allows for statistical assignment of specific compounds found in lignocellulose-based biomass, and HetMap is a data matrix generator and correlation calculator that can be applied to trans-omics datasets as analyzed by these and other web tools. This web suite is unique in that it allows for the monitoring of biomass metabolism in a particular environment, i.e., from macromolecular complexes (FT2DB and Bm-Char) to microbial composition and degradation (E-class), and makes possible the understanding of relationships between molecular and microbial elements (HetMap). This website is available to the public domain at: https://database.riken.jp/ecomics/
Adaptive Rates of High-Spectral-Efficiency WDM/SDM Channels Using PDM-1024-QAM Probabilistic Shaping
Kinematic Structure of Molecular Gas around High-mass Star YSO, Papillon Nebula, in N159 East in the Large Magellanic Cloud
We present the ALMA Band 3 and Band 6 results of 12CO(2-1), 13$CO(2-1),
H30alpha recombination line, free-free emission around 98 GHz, and the dust
thermal emission around 230 GHz toward the N159 East Giant Molecular Cloud
(N159E) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). LMC is the nearest active
high-mass star forming face-on galaxy at a distance of 50 kpc and is the best
target for studing high-mass star formation. ALMA observations show that N159E
is the complex of filamentary clouds with the width and length of ~1 pc and 5
pc - 10 pc, respectively. The total molecular mass is 0.92 x 10^5 Msun from the
13CO(2-1) intensity. N159E harbors the well-known Papillon Nebula, a compact
high-excitation HII region. We found that a YSO associated with the Papillon
Nebula has the mass of 35 Msun and is located at the intersection of three
filamentary clouds. It indicates that the formation of the high-mass YSO was
induced by the collision of filamentary clouds. Fukui et al. 2015 reported a
similar kinematic structure toward a YSO in the N159 West region which is
another YSO that has the mass larger than 35 Msun in these two regions. This
suggests that the collision of filamentary clouds is a primary mechanism of
high-mass star formation. We found a small molecular hole around the YSO in
Papillon Nebula with sub-pc scale. It is filled by free-free and H30alpha
emission. Temperature of the molecular gas around the hole reaches ~ 80 K. It
indicates that this YSO has just started the distruction of parental molecular
cloud.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Ap
Kramers-Kronig detection with adaptive rates for 909.5 Tbit/s dense SDM and WDM data channels
Mitochondrial LETM1 drives ionic and molecular clock rhythms in circadian pacemaker neurons
The mechanisms that generate robust ionic oscillation in circadian pacemaker neurons are under investigation. Here, we demonstrate critical functions of the mitochondrial cation antiporter leucine zipper- EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1), which exchanges K+/H+ in Drosophila and Ca2+/H+ in mammals, in circadian pacemaker neurons. Letm1 knockdown in Drosophila pacemaker neurons reduced circadian cytosolic H+ rhythms and prolonged nuclear PERIOD/TIMELESS expression rhythms and locomotor activity rhythms. In rat pacemaker neurons in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), circadian rhythms in cytosolic Ca2+ and Bmal1 transcription were dampened by Letm1 knockdown. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake peaks late during the day were also observed in rat SCN neurons following photolytic elevation of cytosolic Ca2+. Since cation transport by LETM1 is coupled to mitochondrial energy synthesis, we propose that LETM1 integrates metabolic, ionic, and molecular clock rhythms in the central clock system in both invertebrates and vertebrates
Japanese nationwide questionnaire survey on delayed cerebral infarction due to vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Background and purposeVarious prophylactic drugs for cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral infarction (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have been used in Japan. To investigate the treatment trends for cerebral vasospasm and frequency of DCI after SAH throughout Japan in 2021.MethodsIn 2021 we conducted an anonymous questionnaire survey on management for preventing cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal SAH, and the frequency of DCI. The questionnaire was emailed to 955 certified neurosurgeons at 553 hospitals in Japan. Of them, 162 hospitals (29% response rate) responded to the questionnaire. Of these, 158 were included in this study, while four hospitals that responded insufficiently were excluded. The efficacy of treatments for reducing DCI were examined through a logistic regression analysis.ResultsAmong 3,093 patients treated with aneurysmal SAH, 281 patients (9.1%) were diagnosed with DCI related to cerebral vasospasm. Coil embolization had significantly lower DCI frequency (6.9%), compared to microsurgical clipping (11.8%, odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidential intervals, 0.84–0.96; P, 0.007). In addition, cilostazol administration was associated with significantly lower DCI frequency (0.48; 0.27–0.82; 0.026). The efficacy of cilostazol in reducing DCI remained unchanged after adjustment for covariates. The most effective combination of multiple prophylactic drugs in reducing DCI related to cerebral vasospasm was cilostazol, fasudil, and statin (0.38; 0.22–0.67; 0.005).ConclusionsThis study elucidated the trends in prophylactic drugs to prevent cerebral vasospasm and frequency of DCI after aneurysmal SAH in Japan. Coil embolization and cilostazol administration showed effectiveness in reducing DCI related to cerebral vasospasm in 2021
- …