162 research outputs found
Pre-therapeutic histological and cytological assessment in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. French Society of Otorhinolaryngology Guidelines – 2012
SummaryObjectivesThe authors present the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL) guidelines for histopathologic assessment of head and neck cancer.Materiel and methodsA multidisciplinary workgroup set up by the SFORL performed an exhaustive review of the literature according to levels of evidence, following the 2000 guidelines of the French national health approvals and assessment agency (ANAES).ResultsComparison between histologic and clinical data is essential. In case of discrepancy between clinical, radiological and histological findings, reinterpretation or new biopsy may be required (professional consensus). Mere suspicion of carcinoma on fine-needle aspiration lymph-node biopsy only exceptionally warrants aggressive treatment (professional consensus). Exploration for HPV is not recommended as routine practice, being without therapeutic impact (professional consensus). Anti-p16 immunohistochemistry is optional, for epidemiological purposes (professional consensus). Tumor-bank tissue storage must conform strictly to prevailing legislation and good practice rules for sampling and preservation (professional consensus).ConclusionPathology assessment is mandatory in suspected H&N squamous cell carcinoma. The present guidelines are intended to optimize management
Caractérisation du lait des races laitières bretonnes : les vaches Bretonne Pie-Noir et Froment du Léon, la chèvre des Fossés
Caractérisation du lait des races laitières bretonnes : les vaches Bretonne Pie-Noir et Froment du Léon, la chèvre des Fossés. 24. Rencontres autour des Recherches sur les Ruminants (3R
Content and Mechanism of Action of National Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions on Management of Respiratory Tract Infections in Primary and Community Care
A major modifiable factor contributing to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is inappropriate use and overuse of antimicrobials, such as antibiotics. This study aimed to describe the content and mechanism of action of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions to improve appropriate antibiotic use for respiratory tract infections (RTI) in primary and community care. This study also aimed to describe who these interventions were aimed at and the specific behaviors targeted for change. Evidence-based guidelines, peer-review publications, and infection experts were consulted to identify behaviors relevant to AMS for RTI in primary care and interventions to target these behaviors. Behavior change tools were used to describe the content of interventions. Theoretical frameworks were used to describe mechanisms of action. A total of 32 behaviors targeting six different groups were identified (patients; prescribers; community pharmacists; providers; commissioners; providers and commissioners). Thirty-nine interventions targeting the behaviors were identified (patients = 15, prescribers = 22, community pharmacy staff = 8, providers = 18, and commissioners = 18). Interventions targeted a mean of 5.8 behaviors (range 1–27). Influences on behavior most frequently targeted by interventions were psychological capability (knowledge and skills); reflective motivation (beliefs about consequences, intentions, social/professional role and identity); and physical opportunity (environmental context and resources). Interventions were most commonly characterized as achieving change by training, enabling, or educating and were delivered mainly through guidelines, service provision, and communications & marketing. Interventions included a mean of four Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) (range 1–14). We identified little intervention content targeting automatic motivation and social opportunity influences on behavior. The majority of interventions focussed on education and training, which target knowledge and skills though the provision of instructions on how to perform a behavior and information about health consequences. Interventions could be refined with the inclusion of relevant BCTs, such as goal-setting and action planning (identified in only a few interventions), to translate instruction on how to perform a behavior into action. This study provides a platform to refine content and plan evaluation of antimicrobial stewardship interventions
Caractérisation et conservation de la diversité bactérienne d’un lait fermenté traditionnel breton, le Gwell en lien avec la préservation d’une race locale de vache, la Bretonne Pie Noir
Le Gwell est un lait fermenté traditionnel spécifique de la Bretagne. Il est obtenu à partir de lait de vaches de race Bretonne Pie Noir, inoculé avec une portion de la fabrication précédente (appelé ferment) sans aucun recours à des levains commerciaux. Les productions de Gwell partagent une texture ferme et onctueuse et un gout frais et acidulé, avec des caractéristiques organoleptiques propres à chaque producteur. Les producteurs sont malheureusement parfois confrontés à la perte de leur ferment et doivent alors avoir recours à la solidarité d’autres producteurs pour réacquérir un ferment opérationnel. Ces pertes de ferments sont un frein au développement de la production de Gwell et donc à la valorisation de lait issu de vaches Bretonne Pie Noir. Cette race emblématique de la Bretagne, caractérisée par une rusticité hors du commun et un lait très riche en matière grasse totalisait au milieu du 19ème siècle près de 900 000 têtes. La modernisation des pratiques agricoles alliée à une orientation productiviste forte a conduit à une quasi extinction de l’espèce, ce qui a conduit à initier en 1976 un programme de sauvegarde de l’espèce. Le nombre de vaches s’élève ainsi aujourd’hui à près de 2500 femelles. La transformation du lait en Gwell est, pour les éleveurs, un moyen de valoriser la qualité du lait de Bretonne Pie Noir en conservant sa valeur ajoutée. Les éleveurs qui transforment le lait en Gwell œuvrent ainsi à la sauvegarde de l’espèce Bretonne Pie Noir, mais aussi à la préservation de la diversité microbienne, du patrimoine et des savoir-faire paysans associés. La caractérisation de l’écosystème microbien du ferment Gwell, pour mieux maitriser sa conservation et sécuriser ainsi la production de Gwell, participe de ce fait au maintien de la race Bretonne Pie Noir. Dans ce contexte notre étude visait à caractériser l’écosystème microbien du Gwell pour sécuriser les souches à l’origine de la typicité du produit. Nous avons ainsi montré que toutes les productions de Gwell avaient une flore bactérienne dominante similaire, composée de deux sous-espèces de la bactérie lactique Lactococcus lactis (subsp. lactis et subsp. cremoris). En fonction des producteurs, le nombre de souches de chaque sous-espèce peut varier avec dans certain cas la présence de Streptococcus thermophilus. De plus, nous avons identifié et caractérisé des souches spécifiques à chaque producteur et montré une forte résilience de l’écosystème pouvant expliquer en partie les différences organoleptiques observées entre les Gwell de différents producteurs
A versatile method for simulating pp -> ppe+e- and dp -> pne+e-p_spec reactions
We have developed a versatile software package for the simulation of
di-electron production in and collisions at SIS energies. Particular
attention has been paid to incorporate different descriptions of the Dalitz
decay via a common interface. In addition, suitable
parameterizations for the virtual bremsstrahlung process
based on one-boson exchange models have been implemented. Such simulation tools
with high flexibility of the framework are important for the interpretation of
the di-electron data taken with the HADES spectrometer and the design of
forthcoming experiments
An upper limit on hypertriton production in collisions of Ar(1.76 AGeV)+KCl
A high-statistic data sample of Ar(1.76 AGeV)+KCl events recorded with HADES
is used to search for a hypertriton signal. An upper production limit per
centrality-triggered event of x on the level is
derived. Comparing this value with the number of successfully reconstructed
hyperons allows to determine an upper limit on the ratio
, which is confronted with statistical and
coalescence-type model calculations
Production of Sigma{\pm}pi?pK+ in p+p reactions at 3.5 GeV beam energy
We study the production of Sigma^+-pi^+-pK^+ particle quartets in p+p
reactions at 3.5 GeV kinetic beam energy. The data were taken with the HADES
experiment at GSI. This report evaluates the contribution of resonances like
Lambda(1405$, Sigma(1385)^0, Lambda(1520), Delta(1232), N^* and K^*0 to the
Sigma^+- pi^-+ p K+ final state. The resulting simulation model is compared to
the experimental data in several angular distributions and it shows itself as
suitable to evaluate the acceptance corrections properly.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
Baryonic resonances close to the Kbar-N threshold: the case of Sigma(1385)^+ in pp collisions
We present results of an exclusive measurement of the first excited state of
the Sigma hyperon, Sigma(1385)^+, produced in p+p -> Sigma^+ + K^+ + n at 3.5
GeV beam energy. The extracted data allow to study in detail the invariant mass
distribution of the Sigma(1385)^+. The mass distribution is well described by a
relativistic Breit-Wigner function with a maximum at m_0 = 1383.2 +- 0.9
MeV/c^2 and a width of 40.2 +- 2.1 MeV/c^2. The exclusive production
cross-section comes out to be 22.27 +- 0.89 +- 1.56 +3.07 -2.10 mu b. Angular
distributions of the Sigma(1385)^+ in different reference frames are found to
be compatible with the hypothesis that 33 % of Sigma(1385)^+ result from the
decay of an intermediate Delta^{++} resonance.Comment: 12 pages; 12 figures; submitted to PR
Inclusive dielectron production in proton-proton collisions at 2.2 GeV beam energy
Data on inclusive dielectron production are presented for the reaction p+p at
2.2 GeV measured with the High Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES). Our
results supplement data obtained earlier in this bombarding energy regime by
DLS and HADES. The comparison with the 2.09 GeV DLS data is discussed. The
reconstructed e+e- distributions are confronted with simulated pair cocktails,
revealing an excess yield at invariant masses around 0.5 GeV/c2. Inclusive
cross sections of neutral pion and eta production are obtained
In-Medium Effects on K0 Mesons in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
We present the transverse momentum spectra and rapidity distributions of
and K in Ar+KCl reactions at a beam kinetic energy of 1.756 A
GeV measured with the spectrometer HADES. The reconstructed K sample is
characterized by good event statistics for a wide range in momentum and
rapidity. We compare the experimental and K distributions to
predictions by the IQMD model. The model calculations show that K at low
tranverse momenta constitute a particularly well suited tool to investigate the
kaon in-medium potential. Our K data suggest a strong repulsive in-medium
K potential of about 40 MeV strength.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev.
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