4 research outputs found
Screening for uterine tumours
The most prevalent uterine tumours are leiomyomas, which are benign and have a prevalence of about 50% at menopause. The incidence of endometrial cancer and uterine sarcomas is about 25 per 100,000 and 0.7 per 100,000, respectively. Reported risk factors for endometrial cancer are advanced age, unopposed oestrogen stimulation, late menopause, obesity, diabetes mellitus, nulliparity, feminising ovarian tumours, polycystic ovarian syndrome, tamoxifen and belonging to a hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer family. Unopposed oestrogen stimulation and tamoxifen have also been confirmed to induce uterine sarcomas. Cervical cytology, endometrial sampling and ultrasound have been proposed in the early diagnosis of endometrial cancer. No pathognomonic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography features are able to differentiate between a leiomyoma and a uterine sarcoma, and reliable serum markers for sarcomas are lacking. To date, mass screening for uterine malignancies is not feasible or effective. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserve
SCREENING AND TREATMENT OF PREKANCEROUS LESIONS OF CERVIX UTERI National Guideline
It is proved that the Screening of Cervix for neoplasia has decreased the incidence and mortality from the Cancer of Cervix and has raised the scale of healing from the Cervical Cancer. Prevention of the Cervical Cancer throughout Southeastern Europe is barely documented, despite the fact that the Countries of this region are the most affected places in Europe by the Cervical Cancer.
It is estimated that the number of cases with Cervical Cancer and the number of deaths from this malignity in 11 States of Southeastern Europe during the period from 2002-2004 has been around 9000 women affected from the Cervical Cancer and around 4600 deaths from this illness.
Based on the incidence of the surrounding countries, the incidence in Kosova might be 7.8 to 10.1. 2 The standard ways of Screening and Diagnosing are Citology, Colposcopy, Biopsy and Histological confirmation of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia. The âsee and doâ approach may be applied as an alternative method, during which the decision for treatment is based on the Screening Test and treatment according to the positive test result. The available screening tests include: Testing for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Visual Inspection via Acetic Acid (VIA) and Citology (Pap Test). Possible Treatments are: Cryotherapy, Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) and Conisation. This guideline offers the recommendations for Screening and Treatment of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia . It is adapted from the existing guidelines of WHO and NCCN, NHS and USPTF.
Methodology Group for the Guideline Adaptation has been appointed by the decision of the Ministry of Health, Republic of Kosova.
Goal and Focus According to the Definition of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia (CIN), intraehelial cervical neoplasia ( CIN), is a premalignant lesion, which can be developed in one of these stages: CIN1, CIN2 or CIN3. If untreated, CIN2 and CIN3 may progress into a Cervical Cancer.
Target Population Guideline recommends applying the Screening from the age 21 (when the Screening should begin) until the age 65.
Dedication of Guideline Guideline is dedicated to the policy-makers, managers of medical institutions and medical professionals who have responsibility to apply the prevention programme of the Cervical Cancer on the Republican and Municipal level.
In the future, from this guideline should be drawn Clinical Protocols for the respective diseases. Key words for literature research: âClinical Guidelineâ, âClinical Protocolâ, âCervical Cancerâ,
âintraepithelial neoplasiaâ
Recommendation
Based on the above Guideline, women suffer and die from the Cervical Cancer, hence it is of a particular importance that on the level of UBT to be charted a leaflet which is dedicated to the women, so that they may have the peace of mind knowing that they are able to protect themselves from the Cervical Cancer.
Women of every group-age will understand that:
- Cervical Cancer is a scary disease, but it is one of a few types of cancer that can be prevented.
- What is Cervical Cancer
- When the PAP test should be taken
- Which group-age should check for the HPV virus (Humam Papilloma Virus)
- Which is the connection between the virus HPV and the Cervical Cancer
- How the human gets infected with this virus
- Does it mean that every woman that is infected by this virus will get Cervical Cancer
- Does a simple PAP test detect the HPV virus
- What does the PAP test observe
- What does the HPV test observe
- In which age the women should do the PAP test
- In which age should they do the testing for HPV
- Will Insurance pay for the HPV test
- What do the patients who are suffering or who have suffered from the Cervical Cancer say I strongly believe that the short explanations on these key points about the Cervical Cancer will be an undisputed contribution which will positively influence the consciousness of population. It is not enough to inform professionals and policy-makers alone, but the population,especially the women, who will enjoy the life instead of suffering, must be informed too. For making this leaflet, Faculty of Nursery, respectively the UBT will give an important contribution not only in education of nurses in the Bachelor studies, but also in the education of the population