1,397 research outputs found
Increased platelet reactivity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is mediated by a plasma factor
Introduction Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, incurable fibrotic interstitial lung disease with a prognosis worse than many cancers. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Activated platelets can release pro-fibrotic mediators that have the potential to contribute to lung fibrosis. We determine platelet reactivity in subjects with IPF compared to age-matched controls. Methods Whole blood flow cytometry was used to measure platelet-monocyte aggregate formation, platelet P-selectin expression and platelet fibrinogen binding at basal levels and following stimulation with platelet agonists. A plasma swap approach was used to assess the effect of IPF plasma on control platelets. Results Subjects with IPF showed greater platelet reactivity than controls. Platelet P-selectin expression was significantly greater in IPF patients than controls following stimulation with 0.1 µM ADP (1.9% positive ±0.5 (mean ± SEM) versus 0.7%±0.1; p = 0.03), 1 µM ADP (9.8%±1.3 versus 3.3%±0.8; p<0.01) and 10 µM ADP (41.3%±4.2 versus 22.5%±2.6; p<0.01). Platelet fibrinogen binding was also increased, and platelet activation resulted in increased platelet-monocyte aggregate formation in IPF patients. Re-suspension of control platelets in plasma taken from subjects with IPF resulted in increased platelet activation compared to control plasma. Conclusions IPF patients exhibit increased platelet reactivity compared with controls. This hyperactivity may result from the plasma environment since control platelets exhibit increased activation when exposed to IPF plasma
Itinéraires de lieux touristiques du littoral atlantique Routes of touristic places along the Atlantic coast
Tourism creates urban places or invests already existing urban places and contributes to their development. The purpose of this paper is to bring to light “routes of places”. It aims at showing that places created by and for tourism can diversify, and that, in places invested by tourism, the planning actors choose to appropriateor not tourism in order to increase developpement. Finally, tourism can be seen as a moment in the history of places and this activity can decrease if conditions are not put together. Three touristic places of the Atlantic coast of France are analyzed to study these routes: two of them, Saint-Jean-de-Monts and La Baule-Escoublac are seaside resorts created during the 19th Century. The third one is a small town invested by tourism since about 1820: Les Sables-d’Olonne. These three tourists places change their routes in different ways. This paper examines how and why they have had different evolutions
Inhaled beclomethasone/formoterol in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A randomised controlled exploratory study
Optical conductivity and resistivity in a four-band model for ZrTe from ab-initio calculations
ZrTe is considered a potential candidate for either a Dirac semimetal or
a topological insulator in close proximity to a topological phase transition.
Recent optical conductivity results motivated a two-band model with a conical
dispersion in 2D, in contrast to density functional theory calculations. Here,
we reconcile the two by deriving a four-band model for ZrTe using
theory, and fitting its parameters to the
ab-initio band structure. The optical conductivity with an adjusted electronic
structure matches the key features of experimental data. The chemical potential
varies strongly with temperature, to the point that it may cross the gap
entirely between zero and room temperature. The temperature-dependent
resistivity displays a broad peak, and confirms theoretically the conclusions
of recent experiments attributing the origin of the resistivity peak to the
large shift of the chemical potential with temperature
Aging, jamming, and the limits of stability of amorphous solids
Apart from not having crystallized, supercooled liquids can be considered as
being properly equilibrated and thus can be described by a few thermodynamic
control variables. In contrast, glasses and other amorphous solids can be
arbitrarily far away from equilibrium and require a description of the history
of the conditions under which they formed. In this paper we describe how the
locality of interactions intrinsic to finite-dimensional systems affects the
stability of amorphous solids far off equilibrium. Our analysis encompasses
both structural glasses formed by cooling and colloidal assemblies formed by
compression. A diagram outlining regions of marginal stability can be adduced
which bears some resemblance to the quasi-equilibrium replica meanfield theory
phase diagram of hard sphere glasses in high dimensions but is distinct from
that construct in that the diagram describes not true phase transitions but
kinetic transitions that depend on the preparation protocol. The diagram
exhibits two distinct sectors. One sector corresponds to amorphous states with
relatively open structures, the other to high density, more closely-packed
ones. The former transform rapidly owing to there being motions with no free
energy barriers; these motions are string-like locally. In the dense region,
amorphous systems age via compact activated reconfigurations. The two regimes
correspond, in equilibrium, to the collisional or uniform liquid and the so
called landscape regime, respectively. These are separated by a spinodal line
of dynamical crossovers. Owing to the rigidity of the surrounding matrix in the
landscape, high-density part of the diagram, a sufficiently rapid pressure
quench adds compressive energy which also leads to an instability toward
string-like motions with near vanishing barriers. (SEE REST OF ABSTRACT IN THE
ARTICLE.)Comment: submitted to J Phys Chem
From cultural development to the development of tourism
From cultural development to the development of touris
Gastroesophageal reflux and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A prospective study
Background and Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. There is evidence of the increased prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with IPF. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate reflux in patients with IPF by analyzing the scores of the reflux cough questionnaire, measurement of pepsin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) to detect extraesophageal reflux, and Helicobacter pylori serology to evaluate the prevalence of this stomach bacterium in patients with IPF. Material and Methods: The Hull airway reflux questionnaire (HARQ) was completed by 40 patients with IPF and 50 controls in order to evaluate reflux symptoms. EBC was collected from 23 patients (17 patients with IPF and 6 controls) for measurement of pepsin by the lateral flow technique. A prospective study of 57 subjects (34 patients with IPF and 23 controls) for H. pylori antibody detection by ELISA was performed. Results: Significantly higher HARQ scores (maximum score, 70) were recorded in patients with IPF compared with controls (19.6 [SD, 12.4] vs. 3 [SD, 2.9],
A predictive inline model for nonlinear stimulated Raman scattering in a hohlraum plasma
In this Letter, we introduce a new inline model for stimulated Raman
scattering (SRS), which runs on our radiation hydrodynamics code TROLL. The
modeling follows from a simplified version of a rigorous theory for SRS, which
we describe, and accounts for nonlinear kinetic effects. It also accounts for
the SRS feedback on the plasma hydrodynamics. We dubbed it PIEM because it is a
fully PredIctivE Model, no free parameter is to be adjusted \textit{a
posteriori}~in order to match experimental results. PIEM predictions are
compared against experimental measurements performed at the Ligne
d'Int\'egration Laser. From these comparisons, we discuss PIEM ability to
correctly catch the impact of nonlinear kinetic effects on SRS
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