5,116 research outputs found
Physical Baryon Resonance Spectroscopy from Lattice QCD
We complement recent advances in the calculation of the masses of excited
baryons in quenched lattice QCD with finite-range regulated chiral effective
field theory enabling contact with the physical quark mass region. We examine
the P-wave contributions to the low-lying nucleon and delta resonances.Comment: Contributed paper at FB17, the 17th International Conference on
Few-Body Problems in Physics, Durham, NC, June 5-10, 2003. 3 pages, 6 figure
Optical characterization of marine phytoplankton assemblages within surface waters of the western Arctic Ocean.
An extensive data set of measurements within the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas is used to characterize the optical properties of seawater associated with different phytoplankton communities. Hierarchical cluster analysis of diagnostic pigment concentrations partitioned stations into four distinct surface phytoplankton communities based on taxonomic composition and average cell size. Concurrent optical measurements of spectral absorption and backscattering coefficients and remote-sensing reflectance were used to characterize the magnitudes and spectral shapes of seawater optical properties associated with each phytoplankton assemblage. The results demonstrate measurable differences among communities in the average spectral shapes of the phytoplankton absorption coefficient. Similar or smaller differences were also observed in the spectral shapes of nonphytoplankton absorption coefficients and the particulate backscattering coefficient. Phytoplankton on average, however, contributed only 25% or less to the total absorption coefficient of seawater. Our analyses indicate that the interplay between the magnitudes and relative contributions of all optically significant constituents generally dampens any influence of varying phytoplankton absorption spectral shapes on the total absorption coefficient, yet there is still a marked discrimination observed in the spectral shape of the ratio of the total backscattering to total absorption coefficient and remote-sensing reflectance among the phytoplankton assemblages. These spectral variations arise mainly from differences in the bio-optical environment in which specific communities were found, as opposed to differences in the spectral shapes of phytoplankton optical properties per se. These results suggest potential approaches for the development of algorithms to assess phytoplankton community composition from measurements of seawater optical properties in western Arctic waters
Abraham Lincoln\u27s Religion: The Case for His Ultimate Belief in a Personal, Sovereign God.
None available
Ribonucleoparticle-independent transport of proteins into mammalian microsomes
There are at least two different mechanisms for the transport of secretory proteins into the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum. Both mechanisms depend on the presence of a signal peptide on the respective precursor protein and involve a signal peptide receptor on the cis-side and signal peptidase on the trans-side of the membrane. Furthermore, both mechanisms involve a membrane component with a cytoplasmically exposed sulfhydryl. The decisive feature of the precursor protein with respect to which of the two mechanisms is used is the chain length of the polypeptide. The critical size seems to be around 70 amino acid residues (including the signal peptide). The one mechanism is used by precursor proteins larger than about 70 amino acid residues and involves two cytosolic ribonucleoparticles and their receptors on the microsomal surface. The other one is used by small precursor proteins and relies on the mature part within the precursor molecule and a cytosolic ATPase
PQChPT with Staggered Sea and Valence Ginsparg-Wilson Quarks: Vector Meson Masses
We consider partially quenched, mixed chiral perturbation theory with
staggered sea and Ginsparg-Wilson valence quarks in order to extract a
chiral-continuum extrapolation expression for the vector meson mass up to order
O(a^2), at one-loop level. Based on general principles, we accomplish the task
without explicitly constructing a sophisticated, heavy vector meson chiral
Lagrangian.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, REVTe
Phosphorus status and cycling in native savanna and improved pastures on an acid low-P Colombian Oxisol
On acid low-phosphorus (P) Colombian Oxisols, improved pastures with acid-soil-tolerant grass and legume varieties have increased beef production by a factor of 10 to 15 with only modest P fertilizer inputs. This indicates that the efficiency of P fertilization could be greater than is commonly expected on such strongly P-sorbing soils. To understand the effect of improved pastures on P cycling and availability, we estimated P budgets, and characterized soil P by sequential fractionation, isotopic exchange and biological activity measurements on soil samples from unfertilized native savanna, and fertilized improved grass-only (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk) and grass-legume (B. decumbens + Pueraria phaseoloides, Kudzu) pastures established in 1978 on a medium-textured isohyperthermic, tropeptic haplustox. Comparison of calculated P budgets, based on inputs and exports, with total soil P contents showed that fertilization, as part of the improved pasture management, had resulted in a measurable increase of total P in the surface 0-20 cm soil layer of nearly 30 mg kg-1 or about 20% over the savanna level. Sequential soil P fractionation of different seasonal samplings indicated that grass-legume maintained higher organic and available inorganic P levels with less temporal variation than the two other types. The linkage of organic P and available P was also reflected in soil biological activity. Estimates of P in microbial biomass and phosphatase activity were significantly higher in grass-legume than grass-only and savanna. The improvement in soil P availability, as measured by solution P concentration, P sorption and exchangeable P, was much greater in grass-legume than in grass-only. With comparable fertilizer inputs and greater product exports, improved P availability in grass-legume cannot be due to differences in budgets but can be attributed to changes in the overall biological activity in the soil-plant system caused by the presence of legumes in the vegetation cover. Total C, organic P content and macrofaunal activity were all significantly higher in grass-legume soils. Greater turnover of organic litter in grass-legume may provide for steadier organic P inputs and, therefore, higher P cycling and availabilit
Equation of state SAHA-S meets stellar evolution code CESAM2k
We present an example of an interpolation code of the SAHA-S equation of
state that has been adapted for use in the stellar evolution code CESAM2k. The
aim is to provide the necessary data and numerical procedures for its
implementation in a stellar code. A technical problem is the discrepancy
between the sets of thermodynamic quantities provided by the SAHA-S equation of
state and those necessary in the CESAM2k computations. Moreover, the
independent variables in a practical equation of state (like SAHA-S) are
temperature and density, whereas for modelling calculations the variables
temperature and pressure are preferable. Specifically for the CESAM2k code,
some additional quantities and their derivatives must be provided. To provide
the bridge between the equation of state and stellar modelling, we prepare
auxiliary tables of the quantities that are demanded in CESAM2k. Then we use
cubic spline interpolation to provide both smoothness and a good approximation
of the necessary derivatives. Using the B-form of spline representation
provides us with an efficient algorithm for three-dimensional interpolation.
The table of B-spline coefficients provided can be directly used during stellar
model calculations together with the module of cubic spline interpolation. This
implementation of the SAHA-S equation of state in the CESAM2k stellar structure
and evolution code has been tested on a solar model evolved to the present. A
comparison with other equations of state is briefly discussed. The choice of a
regular net of mesh points for specific primary quantities in the SAHA-S
equation of state, together with accurate and consistently smooth tabulated
values, provides an effective algorithm of interpolation in modelling
calculations. The proposed module of interpolation procedures can be easily
adopted in other evolution codes.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Non-radial oscillations in the red giant HR7349 measured by CoRoT
Convection in red giant stars excites resonant acoustic waves whose
frequencies depend on the sound speed inside the star, which in turn depends on
the properties of the stellar interior. Therefore, asteroseismology is the most
robust available method for probing the internal structure of red giant stars.
Solar-like oscillations in the red giant HR7349 are investigated. Our study is
based on a time series of 380760 photometric measurements spread over 5 months
obtained with the CoRoT satellite. Mode parameters were estimated using maximum
likelihood estimation of the power spectrum. The power spectrum of the
high-precision time series clearly exhibits several identifiable peaks between
19 and 40 uHz showing regularity with a mean large and small spacing of Dnu =
3.47+-0.12 uHz and dnu_02 = 0.65+-0.10 uHz. Nineteen individual modes are
identified with amplitudes in the range from 35 to 115 ppm. The mode damping
time is estimated to be 14.7+4.7-2.9 days.Comment: 8 pages, A&A accepte
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