A new species, new synonymy, and notes on Paravelia Breddin (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae)

The broad-shouldered water strider Paravelia cunhai sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on material from the state of Pará, northern Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from all other species in this genus mainly by the dark color of the head and pronotum, absence of pruinosity or silvery pubescence on the anterior lobe of pronotum, maculae pattern on the fore wings, hind femur with row of 22 spines on mesal margin, and general shape of the paramere. This new species was collected in a pool inside a cave without incident light, a habitat recorded for the genus only recently, which reinforces the hypothesis that some species of Paravelia have troglophilic habits. In addition, a photograph of the dorsal habitus and notes concerning P. juruana Polhemus & Polhemus are provided, and P. cupariana Polhemus & Polhemus syn. nov. is proposed as a junior synonym of P. spinifera Polhemus & Polhemus

Diversidade de besouros aquáticos (Insecta: Coleoptera) em um trecho do Rio Marambaia, Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Coleoptera é a ordem de insetos mais diversa, incluindo mais de 400 mil espécies popularmente conhecidas como besouros. Pelo menos 13 mil espécies de 37 famílias são consideradas aquáticas, das quais 16 famílias são registradas no Brasil. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar o levantamento dos besouros aquáticos ocorrentes em um trecho do Rio Marambaia, Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Um total de 456 espécimes foi obtido na área de estudo, representando os seguintes 12 gêneros e seis famílias: Copelatus, Cybister, Desmopachria, Hydaticus e Rhantus (Dytiscidae); Heterelmis (Elmidae); Gyretes (Gyrinidae); Derallus, Chasmogenus e Tropisternus (Hydrophilidae); Pheneps (Psephenidae); e Iapir (Torridincolidae). Dentre eles, os gêneros Copelatus e Cybister, e as espécies de Hydrophilidae, Chasmogenus fluminensis Clarkson & Ferreira-Jr; Derallus angustus Sharp; Tropisternus apicipalpis Chevrolat; e Tropisternus variolosus Hansen, são aqui registrados pela primeira vez no município de Mangaratiba- RJ. Os registros de Cybister e T. apicipalpis também são os primeiros no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Semiaquatic bugs (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerromorpha) from Parque Natural Municipal das Andorinhas, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais state, Brazil

We present a survey of the semiaquatic bugs (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerromorpha) from Parque Natural Municipal das Andorinhas, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. Thirteen species are recorded from the area based on regular collection events, namely Brachymetra albinervus (Amyot & Serville, 1843); Cylindrostethus palmaris Drake & Harris, 1934; Halobatopsis delectus Drake & Harris, 1941; Ha. platensis (Berg, 1879); Metrobates plaumanni genikos Nieser, 1993; Neogerris kontos Nieser, 1994 (Gerridae); Hydrometra fruhstorferi Hungerford & Evans, 1934 (Hydrometridae); Platyvelia brachialis (Stål, 1860); Rhagovelia macta Drake & Carvalho, 1955; R. robusta Gould, 1931; R. sbolos Nieser & Melo, 1997; R. triangula Drake, 1953; and R. trianguloides Nieser & Melo, 1997 (Veliidae)

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Sigara (Tropocorixa) Hutchinson 1940

<p> Subgenus <b> <i>Sigara</i> (<i>Tropocorixa</i>)</b> Hutchinson, 1940</p> <p> Note. <i>Sigara</i> (<i>Tropocorixa</i>) <i>schadei</i> (Hungerford, 1928a) was reported from Chile by Hungerford (1948) based on a single female, but the record was considered erroneous by Bachmann (1981).</p>Published as part of <i>Damgaard, Jakob & Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, 2021, Water bugs (Hemipera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha & Gerromorpha) of Chile phylogenetic and biogeographic considerations, and a catalog of the fauna, pp. 45-71 in Zootaxa 4958 (1)</i> on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4693036">http://zenodo.org/record/4693036</a&gt

Halobates sericeus Eschscholtz 1822

<p> <i>Halobates sericeus</i> Eschscholtz, 1822</p> <p> <i>Halobates sericeus</i> Eschscholtz, 1822: 108.—ST: #, @, north Pacific; IZBE.</p> <p> Distribution. Pacific Ocean between 40– 45° N and 40° S. <b>Australia</b>; <b>Chile</b>; <b>China</b>; <b>Colombia</b>; <b>Ecuador</b> (including Galapagos Is.); <b>Hawaiian Is.</b>; <b>Indonesia</b>; <b>Japan</b>; <b>Johnston Atoll</b>; <b>Marshall Is.</b>; <b>Mexico</b>; <b>New Caledonia</b>; <b>New Zealand</b>; <b>Papua New Guinea</b>; <b>Peru</b>; <b>Taiwan</b>; <b>U. S. A.</b>; <b>Vanuatu</b>; <b>Vietnam</b> (Román-Palacios <i>et al.</i> 2020).</p>Published as part of <i>Damgaard, Jakob & Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, 2021, Water bugs (Hemipera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha & Gerromorpha) of Chile phylogenetic and biogeographic considerations, and a catalog of the fauna, pp. 45-71 in Zootaxa 4958 (1)</i> on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4693036">http://zenodo.org/record/4693036</a&gt

Nerthra (Rhinodermacoris) praecipua Todd 1957

<p> <b> <i>Nerthra</i> (<i>Rhinodermacoris</i>) <i>praecipua</i></b> Todd, 1957</p> <p> <i>Nerthra praecipua</i> Todd, 1957: 151.—HT: @, Chile; USNM.</p> <p> <i>Nerthra</i> sp.; China (1963: 722).</p> <p> <i>Nerthra</i> (<i>Rhinodermacoris</i>) <i>praecipua</i> Todd, 1957; Faúndez & Ashworth (2015: 71).</p> <p> Distribution. <b>Chile</b> (Los Lagos, Los Ríos) (China 1963, Faúndez & Ashworth 2015).</p> <p>Note: This is a subfossil comprising the head and the pronotum of the insect (Faúndez & Ashworth 2015).</p>Published as part of <i>Damgaard, Jakob & Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, 2021, Water bugs (Hemipera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha & Gerromorpha) of Chile phylogenetic and biogeographic considerations, and a catalog of the fauna, pp. 45-71 in Zootaxa 4958 (1)</i> on page 61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4693036">http://zenodo.org/record/4693036</a&gt

Sigara (Tropocorixa) termasensis

<p> <i>Sigara (Tropocorixa) termasensis</i> (Hungerford, 1928a)</p> <p> <i>Arctocorixa fazi</i> var. <i>termasensis</i> Hungerford, 1928a: 178.—HT: #, Chile, Termas Cauquenes; SEMC.</p> <p> <i>Sigara termasensis</i> (Hungerford, 1928a); Jaczewski (1933: 332).</p> <p> <i>Sigara</i> (<i>Tropocorixa</i>) <i>termasensis</i> (Hungerford, 1928a); Hungerford (1948: 780).</p> <p> <i>Sigara termasencis</i>; Prado (2008: 37) (incorrect subsequent spelling).</p> <p> Distribution. <b>Chile</b> (Bernardo O’Higgins, Los Lagos, Valparaíso) (Hungerford 1928a, Jaczewski 1933, Hungerford 1948).</p>Published as part of <i>Damgaard, Jakob & Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, 2021, Water bugs (Hemipera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha & Gerromorpha) of Chile phylogenetic and biogeographic considerations, and a catalog of the fauna, pp. 45-71 in Zootaxa 4958 (1)</i> on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4693036">http://zenodo.org/record/4693036</a&gt

Gelastocoris fuscus Martin 1929

<p> <i>Gelastocoris fuscus</i> Martin, 1929</p> <p> <i>Gelastocoris fuscus</i> Martin, 1929: 364.—HT: #, Ecuador, Tena; SEMC.</p> <p> <i>Gelastocoris martinezi</i> De Carlo, 1954: 97 (syn. Todd 1955: 336).—HT: #, Bolivia, Cochabamba, Chapare, “S. F. Chipiriri”; MACN.</p> <p> <i>Gelastocoris problematicus</i> Poisson, 1954: 71 (syn. Todd 1956: 348).—Described from Peru, “Sivia”. Syntypes deposited in the ZMUH and destroyed during the Second World War (Todd 1956).</p> <p> Distribution. <b>Bolivia</b> (De Carlo 1954); <b>Brazil</b> (Martin 1929); <b>Chile</b> (Santiago) (Todd 1955); <b>Colombia</b> (Nieser 1977); <b>Ecuador</b> (Martin 1929); <b>Paraguay</b> (Schnack & Estévez 1979). <b>Peru</b> (Poisson 1954); <b>Suriname</b> (Nieser 1975).</p> <p> Note. The synonymy between <i>G. martinezi</i> and <i>G. fuscus</i> proposed by Todd (1955) was considered incorrect by Nieser (1975), but accepted by Schnack & Estévez (1979). See also Todd (1961).</p>Published as part of <i>Damgaard, Jakob & Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, 2021, Water bugs (Hemipera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha & Gerromorpha) of Chile phylogenetic and biogeographic considerations, and a catalog of the fauna, pp. 45-71 in Zootaxa 4958 (1)</i> on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4693036">http://zenodo.org/record/4693036</a&gt

Sigara (Tropocorixa) egbertae Hungerford 1948

<p> <i>Sigara (Tropocorixa) egbertae</i> Hungerford, 1948</p> <p> <i>Sigara</i> (<i>Tropocorixa</i>) <i>egbertae</i> Hungerford, 1948: 790.—HT: #, [Argentina], Río Negro, Bariloche; SEMC.</p> <p> Distribution. <b>Argentina</b> (Hungerford 1948); <b>Chile</b> (Los Lagos, Los Ríos, Santiago) (Bachmann 1981, Montemayor <i>et al.</i> 2017).</p>Published as part of <i>Damgaard, Jakob & Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, 2021, Water bugs (Hemipera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha & Gerromorpha) of Chile phylogenetic and biogeographic considerations, and a catalog of the fauna, pp. 45-71 in Zootaxa 4958 (1)</i> on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4693036">http://zenodo.org/record/4693036</a&gt