Epidémiologie des pneumonies aiguës communautaires de l'enfant aux urgences (étude prospective sur un an au CHRU de Lille)

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cigarette smoke alters the ability of human dendritic cells to promote anti-Streptococcus pneumoniae Th17 response

International audienceAbstractBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with chronic inflammation and impaired immune response to pathogens leading to bacteria-induced exacerbation of the disease. A defect in Th17 cytokines in response to Streptococcus pneumoniae, a bacteria associated with COPD exacerbations, has been recently reported. Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells that drive T-cells differentiation and activation. In this study, we hypothesized that exposure to cigarette smoke, the main risk factor of COPD, might altered the pro-Th17 response to S. pneumoniae in COPD patients and human DC.MethodsPro-Th1 and -Th17 cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from COPD patients was analyzed and compared to those from smokers and non-smokers healthy subjects. The effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was analyzed on human monocyte-derived DC (MDDC) from controls exposed or not to S. pneumoniae. Bacteria endocytosis, maturation of MDDC and secretion of cytokines were assessed by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Implication of the oxidative stress was analyzed by addition of antioxidants and mitochondria inhibitors. In parallel, MDDC were cocultured with autologous T-cells to analyze the consequence on Th1 and Th17 cytokine production.ResultsPBMC from COPD patients exhibited defective production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-23 to S. pneumoniae compared to healthy subjects and smokers. CSE significantly reduced S. pneumoniae-induced MDDC maturation, secretion of pro-Th1 and -Th17 cytokines and activation of Th1 and Th17 T-cell responses. CSE exposure was also associated with sustained CXCL8 secretion, bacteria endocytosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Antioxidants did not reverse these effects. Inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport chain partly reproduced inhibition of S. pneumoniae-induced MDDC maturation but had no effect on cytokine secretion and T cell activation.ConclusionsWe observed a defective pro-Th1 and -Th17 response to bacteria in COPD patients. CSE exposure was associated with an inhibition of DC capacity to activate antigen specific T-cell response, an effect that seems to be not only related to oxidative stress. These results suggest that new therapeutics boosting this response in DC may be helpful to improve treatment of COPD exacerbations

Severe COVID‐19 evolving towards organizing pneumonia in a pediatric lung transplant recipient

International audienc

Fetal Lung Volume Appears to Predict Respiratory Morbidity in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory morbidity. To assess whether respiratory morbidity during the first 2 years of life in infants with left-sided CDH is associated with fetal lung volume (FLV) evaluated by the observed-to-expected FLV ratio (o/e FLV) on antenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this retrospective study, o/e FLV measures were collected. Respiratory morbidity in the first 2 years of life was studied according to two endpoints: treatment with inhaled corticosteroids for >3 consecutive months and hospitalization for any acute respiratory disease. The primary outcome was a favorable progression defined by the absence of either endpoint. Forty-seven patients were included. The median o/e FLV was 39% (interquartile range, 33–49). Sixteen (34%) infants were treated with inhaled corticosteroids and 13 (28%) were hospitalized. The most efficient threshold for a favorable outcome was an o/e FLV ≥ 44% with a sensitivity of 57%, specificity of 79%, negative predictive value of 56%, and positive predictive value of 80%. An o/e FLV ≥ 44% was associated with a favorable outcome in 80% of cases. These data suggest that lung volume measurement on fetal MRI may help to identify children at lower respiratory risk and improve information during pregnancy, patient characterization, decisions about treatment strategy and research, and personalized follow-up

[Damnacanthus sp.]

原著和名: アリドホシの類科名: アカネ科 = Rubiaceae採集地: 沖縄県 沖縄本島 国頭郡 国頭村 与那覇岳 (琉球 沖縄本島 国頭郡 国頭村 与那覇岳)採集日: 1976/2/26採集者: 萩庭丈壽整理番号: JH029757国立科学博物館整理番号: TNS-VS-979757備考: DB作成協力会による補足あ

Additional file 4: of Cigarette smoke alters the ability of human dendritic cells to promote anti-Streptococcus pneumoniae Th17 response

In vitro exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) modulate the phenotype of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) from healthy subjects activated by LPS. Expression of CD83 (a), HLA-DR (b), CD80 (c), CD86 (d), CD40 (e) and CD54 (f) was evaluated by flow cytometry in MDDC exposed to CSE and then activated or not by LPS for 24 h. Data are reported as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) ± S.E.M. of 20 experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. (PDF 44 kb

La Charente

23 avril 18911891/04/23 (A20,N7615)-1891/04/23.Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : PoitouCh

Additional file 6: of Virus-triggered exacerbation in allergic asthmatic children: neutrophilic airway inflammation and alteration of virus sensors characterize a subgroup of patients

Concentrations of cytokines in asthmatic patients prone to re-infection at steady state. Cytokines concentrations were measured during exacerbation or at steady state in plasma, sputum fluids and supernatants of MNC stimulated with Poly(I:C), Gardiquimod, lipopoly(I:C) or not (Medium). Patients only infected during the exacerbation (V + V-) were compared to those infected during both periods (V + V+). Results are expressed as pg/ml (median with interquartile range [IQR]). ND: not detectable, NE: Not evaluated. *:p < 0.05 significantly different from V- patients. (PDF 435 kb