Situación actual del mosaico dorado del frijol en el Caribe: República Dominicana

Programa Cooperativo Regional de Frijol para Centroamérica, México y el Caribe (PROFRIJOL)Cooperación Suiza para el Desarrollo (COSUDE)Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT)UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM

PREVALENCIA DE Cryptosporidium parvum EN ESCOLARES DE SONORA, MEXICO

La criptosporidiosis es un problema de salud pública, afectando principalmente a personas inmunocomprometidas, niños y ancianos. Esta infección tiene diferentes factores causales y se le ha asociado con altas tasas de morbilidad en la población afectada. Criptosporidiosis es cosmopolita, pero su prevalencia es más alta en sociedades subdesarrollada aunque actualmente la misma se desconoce en México. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia actual de Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) en una subpoblación de escolares del municipio de Hermosillo, Sonora, México. Se usó ELISA para detectar antígenos fecales de C. parvum. Se invitó a participar a 720 escolares registrados oficialmente en tres primarias públicas. 175 niñas y 145 niños, de edades entre 6 a 13 años participaron voluntariamente durante septiembre a diciembre 2008. De los 320 escolares estudiados, 121 (37,8 %) mostraron infección por C. parvum. No se encontró diferencia en la prevalencia de criptosporidiosis entre sexos (p = 0,15), ni entre áreas suburbana y rural (p = 0,18). Se observó un aumento de la infección con la edad en este estudio. Criptosporidiosis quizá es un serio problema de salud pública en el estado de Sonora y se requieren estudios adicionales que lo confirmen para que las autoridades responsables puedan prevenir y controlar la infección

Factors Associated with Knowledge of Evacuation Routes and Having an Emergency Backpack in Individuals Affected by a Major Earthquake in Piura, Peru

Information on the prevention of earthquakes in Peru, a high-risk country, is still emerging. We determined the frequency and factors associated with knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks in people affected by a major earthquake. A cross-sectional study using secondary data was conducted from August–December 2021 on people that experienced the 6.1 magnitude earthquake that occurred in Piura, Peru on 30 July 2021. The outcome was self-reported knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks. The association with self-reported earthquake preparation training, use of sources of information on earthquakes, and sociodemographic variables was investigated. A total of 69.5% of participants knew evacuation routes, and 46.3% had an emergency backpack. A higher frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes was associated with previous training (PR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.15–1.87), use of the media (PR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.06–1.72), having received information from the COEN (PR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02–1.40), and with a greater number of household members (PR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06). There is a high frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes among participants. However, basic notions of prevention culture are still needed. This research contributes to policy development on earthquake preparation at the community level

Oscillatory surface rheotaxis of swimming E. coli bacteria

Bacterial contamination of biological conducts, catheters or water resources is a major threat to public health and can be amplified by the ability of bacteria to swim upstream. The mechanisms of this rheotaxis, the reorientation with respect to flow gradients, often in complex and confined environments, are still poorly understood. Here, we follow individual E. coli bacteria swimming at surfaces under shear flow with two complementary experimental assays, based on 3D Lagrangian tracking and fluorescent flagellar labelling and we develop a theoretical model for their rheotactic motion. Three transitions are identified with increasing shear rate: Above a first critical shear rate, bacteria shift to swimming upstream. After a second threshold, we report the discovery of an oscillatory rheotaxis. Beyond a third transition, we further observe coexistence of rheotaxis along the positive and negative vorticity directions. A full theoretical analysis explains these regimes and predicts the corresponding critical shear rates. The predicted transitions as well as the oscillation dynamics are in good agreement with experimental observations. Our results shed new light on bacterial transport and reveal new strategies for contamination prevention.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

Results from the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (SuperCDMS) experiment at Soudan

We report the result of a blinded search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) using the majority of the SuperCDMS Soudan dataset. With an exposure of 1690 kg days, a single candidate event is observed, consistent with expected backgrounds. This analysis (combined with previous Ge results) sets an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP--nucleon cross section of $1.4 \times 10^{-44}$ ($1.0 \times 10^{-44}$) cm$^2$ at 46 GeV/$c^2$. These results set the strongest limits for WIMP--germanium-nucleus interactions for masses $>$12 GeV/$c^2$