1,523 research outputs found
On the Stability and the Approximation of Branching Distribution Flows, with Applications to Nonlinear Multiple Target Filtering
We analyse the exponential stability properties of a class of measure-valued
equations arising in nonlinear multi-target filtering problems. We also prove
the uniform convergence properties w.r.t. the time parameter of a rather
general class of stochastic filtering algorithms, including sequential Monte
Carlo type models and mean eld particle interpretation models. We illustrate
these results in the context of the Bernoulli and the Probability Hypothesis
Density filter, yielding what seems to be the first results of this kind in
this subject
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens are celebrated but very different volcanoes.
Permanent plots allow for comparisons that reveal mechanisms that control
succession and its rate and suggest general principles. We estimated rates
from structure development, species composition using detrended
correspondence analysis (DCA), changes in Euclidean distance (ED) of DCA
vectors, and by principal components analysis (PCA) of DCA. On Surtsey, rates
determined from DCA trajectory analyses decreased as follows: gull colony on
lava with sand > gull colony on lava, no sand ≫ lava with
sand > sand spit > block lava > tephra. On Mount St. Helens,
plots on lahar deposits near woodlands were best developed. The succession
rates of open meadows declined as follows: <i>Lupinus</i>-dominated
pumice > protected ridge with <i>Lupinus</i> > other pumice and
blasted sites > isolated lahar meadows > barren plain. Despite the
prominent contrasts between the volcanoes, we found several common themes.
Isolation restricted the number of colonists on Surtsey and to a lesser
degree on Mount St. Helens. Nutrient input from outside the system was
crucial. On Surtsey, seabirds fashioned very fertile substrates, while on
Mount St. Helens wind brought a sparse nutrient rain, then <i>Lupinus</i>
enhanced fertility to promote succession. Environmental stress limits
succession in both cases. On Surtsey, bare lava, compacted tephra and
infertile sands restrict development. On Mount St. Helens, exposure to wind
and infertility slow succession
Non-abelian D=11 Supermembrane
We obtain a U(M) action for supermembranes with central charges in the Light
Cone Gauge (LCG). The theory realizes all of the symmetries and constraints of
the supermembrane together with the invariance under a U(M) gauge group with M
arbitrary. The worldvolume action has (LCG) N=8 supersymmetry and it
corresponds to M parallel supermembranes minimally immersed on the target M9xT2
(MIM2). In order to ensure the invariance under the symmetries and to close the
corresponding algebra, a star-product determined by the central charge
condition is introduced. It is constructed with a nonconstant symplectic
two-form where curvature terms are also present. The theory is in the strongly
coupled gauge-gravity regime. At low energies, the theory enters in a
decoupling limit and it is described by an ordinary N=8 SYM in the IR phase for
any number of M2-branes.Comment: Contribution to the Proceedings of the Dubna International SQS'09
Workshop ("Supersymmetries and Quantum Symmetries-2009", July 29 - August 3,
2009. 12pg, Late
On Chern-Simons Quivers and Toric Geometry
We discuss a class of 3-dimensional N=4 Chern-Simons (CS) quiver gauge models
obtained from M-theory compactifications on singular complex 4-dimensional
hyper-Kahler (HK) manifolds, which are realized explicitly as a cotangent
bundle over two-Fano toric varieties V^2. The corresponding CS gauge models are
encoded in quivers similar to toric diagrams of V^2. Using toric geometry, it
is shown that the constraints on CS levels can be related to toric equations
determining V^2.Comment: 14pg, 1 Figure, late
Invisible Higgs Boson Decays in Spontaneously Broken R-Parity
The Higgs boson may decay mainly to an invisible mode characterized by
missing energy, instead of the Standard Model channels. This is a generic
feature of many models where neutrino masses arise from the spontaneous
breaking of ungauged lepton number at relatively low scales, such as
spontaneously broken R-parity models. Taking these models as framework, we
reanalyze this striking suggestion in view of the recent data on neutrino
oscillations that indicate non-zero neutrino masses. We show that, despite the
smallness of neutrino masses, the Higgs boson can decay mainly to the invisible
Goldstone boson associated to the spontaneous breaking of lepton number. This
requires a gauge singlet superfield coupling to the electroweak doublet
Higgses, as in the Next to Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM)
scenario for solving the -problem. The search for invisibly decaying Higgs
bosons should be taken into account in the planning of future accelerators,
such as the Large Hadron Collider and the Next Linear Collider.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures; typos corrected, published versio
Bayesian Additive Regression Trees with Model Trees
Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) is a tree-based machine learning
method that has been successfully applied to regression and classification
problems. BART assumes regularisation priors on a set of trees that work as
weak learners and is very flexible for predicting in the presence of
non-linearity and high-order interactions. In this paper, we introduce an
extension of BART, called Model Trees BART (MOTR-BART), that considers
piecewise linear functions at node levels instead of piecewise constants. In
MOTR-BART, rather than having a unique value at node level for the prediction,
a linear predictor is estimated considering the covariates that have been used
as the split variables in the corresponding tree. In our approach, local
linearities are captured more efficiently and fewer trees are required to
achieve equal or better performance than BART. Via simulation studies and real
data applications, we compare MOTR-BART to its main competitors. R code for
MOTR-BART implementation is available at https://github.com/ebprado/MOTR-BART
On the Geometry of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanical Systems
We consider some simple examples of supersymmetric quantum mechanical systems
and explore their possible geometric interpretation with the help of geometric
aspects of real Clifford algebras. This leads to natural extensions of the
considered systems to higher dimensions and more complicated potentials.Comment: 18 page
Local Structure of Cu2+ in the (C2H5NH3)2MCl4:Cu2+ (M: Cd, Mn) Layer Perovskites. Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure in the 0-60 kbar Range*
On The spectrum of a Noncommutative Formulation of the D=11 Supermembrane with Winding
A regularized model of the double compactified D=11 supermembrane with
nontrivial winding in terms of SU(N) valued maps is obtained. The condition of
nontrivial winding is described in terms of a nontrivial line bundle introduced
in the formulation of the compactified supermembrane. The multivalued
geometrical objects of the model related to the nontrivial wrapping are
described in terms of a SU(N) geometrical object which in the
limit, converges to the symplectic connection related to the area preserving
diffeomorphisms of the recently obtained non-commutative description of the
compactified D=11 supermembrane.(I. Martin, J.Ovalle, A. Restuccia. 2000,2001)
The SU(N) regularized canonical lagrangian is explicitly obtained. In the limit it converges to the lagrangian in (I.Martin, J.Ovalle,
A.Restuccia. 2000,2001) subject to the nontrivial winding condition. The
spectrum of the hamiltonian of the double compactified D=11 supermembrane is
discussed.
Generically, it contains local string like spikes with zero energy.
However the sector of the theory corresponding to a principle bundle
characterized by the winding number , described by the SU(N) model we
propose, is shown to have no local string-like spikes and hence the spectrum of
this sector should be discrete.Comment: 16 pages.Latex2
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