Instrument for evaluating care given by undergraduate nursing students to people with wounds

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to present the process of construction and validation of an instrument for evaluating the care provided to people with wounds, to be used with undergraduate nursing students. METHOD Methodological study, with quantitative approach, using the Delphi technique in two rounds, the first with 30 judges and the second with 18. The analysis was made with Kappa coefficient ≥0.80, and content validity index greater than >0.80, also using the Wilcoxon test for comparison of the indices between the rounds. RESULTS It was found that of the 20 categories of the instrument, 18 presented better scores in the second Delphi round. Scores were greater in the second round in seven of the ten evaluation categories. CONCLUSION Based on the evaluation by the judges, a version of the instrument was defined with adequate indices of agreement and validity, which will be able to help in evaluating care of people with cutaneous injury given by undergraduate nursing students

Perfil dos usuários do Hiperdia de três unidades básicas de saúde do sul do Brasil Perfil de los usuarios registrados en el Hiperdia de tres unidades basicas de salud del Sur de Brasil Profile of users registered in Hiperdia three units of basic health South of Brazil

Objetivou-se descrever o perfil dos hipertensos e diabéticos cadastrados no sistema HiperDia do Ministério da Saúde em três unidades básicas do município de Pelotas, na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa um formulário baseado na ficha de cadastro do sistema HiperDia, que fornece informações importantes sobre a população atendida. Os dados coletados foram digitados no programa Epi-info 6.04 e analisados no software STATA 9.0. A população avaliada no estudo é predominantemente feminina, na faixa etária acima dos 50 anos. Os fatores de risco mais presentes foram o sobrepeso, o hábito de vida sedentário, a hereditariedade e como complicações crônicas as cardiovasculares. Concluiu-se que o perfil dos cadastrados é semelhante ao encontrado no banco de dados nacional do SisHiperDia.<br>El objetivo fue describir el perfil de pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos inscritos en el sistema HIPERDIA del Ministerio de la Salud en tres unidades básicas de Pelotas en el sur de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Estudio transversal con abordaje cuantitativo; se utilizó como herramienta de investigación un formulario basado en el registro del sistema HIPERDIA, este sistema proporciona informaciones importantes sobre la población atendida. Los datos recolectados fueron ingresados en el programa Epi-Info 6,04 y analizados en STATA 9.0. La población evaluada es predominantemente femenina, del grupo etario mayor de 50 años. Los factores de riesgo más presentes fueron sobrepeso, estilo de vida sedentario, herencia y complicaciones crónicas cardiovasculares. Se concluyó que el perfil de inscritos es similar a lo encontrado en la base de datos nacional de SisHiperDia.<br>The objective was to describe the profile of hypertensive and diabetic patients registered in the HiperDia system of the Ministry of Health in three basic units of Pelotas in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This is a transversal study with quantitative approach. The research tool used was a form based in the registration form of the HiperDia system, this system provides important information about the served population. The collected data were entered in Epi-Info 6.04 program and analyzed in STATA 9.0 software. The population evaluated in the study is predominantly female, aged above 50 years. The more risk factors present were overweight, sedentary lifestyle habits, heredity and chronic cardiovascular complications. We concluded that the profile of the registered patients is similar to that found in the national database of SisHiperDia

Biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems of the Caatinga Biome

The biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and water, the impacts of land use in the stocks and flows of these elements and how they can affect the structure and functioning of Caatinga were reviewed. About half of this biome is still covered by native secondary vegetation. Soils are deficient in nutrients, especially N and P. Average concentrations of total soil P and C in the top layer (0-20 cm) are 196 mg kg-1 and 9.3 g kg-1, corresponding to C stocks around 23 Mg ha-1. Aboveground biomass of native vegetation varies from 30 to 50 Mg ha-1, and average root biomass from 3 to 12 Mg ha-1. Average annual productivities and biomass accumulation in different land use systems vary from 1 to 7 Mg ha-1 year-1. Biological atmospheric N2 fixation is estimated to vary from 3 to 11 kg N ha-1 year-1and 21 to 26 kg N ha-1 year-1 in mature and secondary Caatinga, respectively. The main processes responsible for nutrient and water losses are fire, soil erosion, runoff and harvest of crops and animal products. Projected climate changes in the future point to higher temperatures and rainfall decreases. In face of the high intrinsic variability, actions to increase sustainability should improve resilience and stability of the ecosystems. Land use systems based on perennial species, as opposed to annual species, may be more stable and resilient, thus more adequate to face future potential increases in climate variability. Long-term studies to investigate the potential of the native biodiversity or adapted exotic species to design sustainable land use systems should be encouraged