Nursing diagnoses focused on universal self-care requisites

Aims: (1) To identify and analyse diagnoses documented by nurses in Portugal within the scope of universal self-care requisites; (2) to determine the main problems with nursing diagnoses syntaxes for semantic interoperability purposes; and (3) to suggest unified nursing diagnoses syntaxes within the scope of universal self-care requisites. Background/Introduction: Ageing societies and the increase in chronic diseases have led to significant concern regarding individuals’ dependence to ensure self-care. ICNP is widely used by Portuguese nurses in electronic health records for documentation of nursing diagnoses and interventions. Methods: A qualitative study using inductive content analysis and focus group: 1. nursing e-documentation content analysis and 2. focus group to explore implicit criteria or insights from content analysis results. Results: From a corpus of analysis with 1793 nursing diagnoses, 432 nursing diagnoses centred on universal self-care requisites emerged from the content analysis. One hundred ten nursing diagnoses resulted from the application of new encoding criteria that emerged after a focus group meeting. Conclusion: Results reveal that nursing diagnoses related to universal self-care requisites can emphasize the impairment or potentialities of the individuals performing self-care. It also shows a lack of consensus on nominating the nursing diagnoses of people with a deficit in universal self-care requisites, resulting in different diagnoses to express the same needs. Implications for nursing practice: Representation of most relevant nursing diagnoses within the scope of universal self-care requisites. Implications for health policy: Incorporating standardized language into electronic health records is not enough for improving quality and continuity of care and semantic interoperability achievement. Electronic health records need to work with a nursing ontology in the backend to meet these requirements.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The family nursing health care and the indicators of health: new challenges for the practice

The assessment of the implementation focuses in aspects which are considered fundamental for an effective measurement of the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention (MDAIF) implementation as a theoretical and operative referential in the nurses' clinical decision-making: satisfaction of families, satisfaction of nurses, assessment of health gains which are sensitive to nursing care, and the identification of the main needs of families.This study aim is to define the indicators of structure, process and outcome, based in MDAIF. Methods: Exploratory study procedure: 1) define the Minimum Data Set (MDS), based in MDAIF, describe the nurses diagnosis, interventions and outcomes; 2) define the indicators according the Order of Nurses orientations; 3) The finalpropose reviewed and validated by experts. The summary data includes the diagnosis and sub diagnosis by MDAIF matrix. For formulation of diagnosis judgment were used the International Classification of Nurses Practice (ICNP®). Results: If define structure indicators related to the nurses satisfaction, process indicators produc e rates of family assessment incident and diagnosis incident, outcome indicators defining rates of diagnosis efficacy and heath gains, epidemiological indicators that propose diagnostic prevalence rates. Conclusions: The definition of MDS and the health gains indicators will allow nurses to be informed on the data resulting from the care provided to the families that must be mandatorily registered. It will also enable to monitoring of the implementation process through the identification of critical points that lead to the introduction of strategies and which will optimize the outcomes inherent to the following tasks.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Family process and systemic questions: new ways of family intervention in primary health care

In the context of practices supported by the Dynamic Model for Family Assessment and Intervention (MDAIF) the assessment of this model impact suggested the deepening of “Family Process”. Systemic issues (circular and reflexive), will allow the expansion of the reflection capacity of each familymember about themselves, about others, about family history. This study a im is to identify systemic issues of intervention used by Primary Health Care nurses regarding dysfunctional family process. Methods: Qualitative study, using Focus Group as a methodological approach with nurses from health centers in the province of Tarragona–Spain, developed in 2014. For the focus group was placed the starting issue: W hat kind of systemic questions the nurses mobilize when exist one family process alteration? After obtaining informed consent, the data were submitted to content analysis, co-existing deductive and inductive procedures, supported by the matrix of analysis propose in the MDAIF. Results: No differences were identified in the intervention strategies used by nurses in the context of family communication and coping. Regarding interactions in family roles it is highlighted the mobilization of family system resources “...explain them who can help... to whom can they ask for help, right?..” E3: “How do you think you’d be better (...) will pass the decision to them...” E8. Intervention proposals emerged related to systemic issues particularly in the area of interaction of roles and dynamic relationship, which reflect a systemic view of family unit. Conclusions: Reflections on interactional practices with family, while nursing care customer, based in MDAIF allowed the development of new conceptions of family health nursing. Concerning general interventions proposed associated to “dysfunctional family process” diagnosis, the integration of new action typologies, supported by systemic issues, will maximize the health potential of fami lies by the opportunity to co-construct new stories and interactionsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Avaliação do impacto do modelo dinâmico de avaliação e intervenção familiar no contexto dos cuidados de saúde primários em vila franca do campo – Açores

A implementação do Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar (MDAIF), pretende contribuir para a gestão da saúde das famílias, na sua unicidade e, das comunidades no que se reporta à gestão e liderança dos seus recursos. Tendo como referencial teórico o MDAIF (Figueiredo, 2012), pretendeu-se identificar os dados avaliativos e áreas de atenção avaliadas pelos enfermeiros na prestação de cuidados às famílias; identificar as necessidades das famílias em cuidados de enfermagem e identificar os ganhos em saúde produzidos pela implementação deste referencial

THE NURSING WORK ON THE HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE´S TRACKING IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF A PUBLIC SCHOOL OF GOIÂNIA-GOIÁS

This paper was written during the development of an assistance project by students of the FederalUniversity of Goiás Nursing College. The purpose was to investigate the prevalence of the high blood pressure in 160children and preadolescents students from 5th to 7th high classes in Goiânia Goiás state school., from August 2002to February - 2003. 4% of the students evaluated had out of standard blood pressure. All of them were lead to healthappointment to the Youth High-Pressure League of the Federal University of Goiás Clinical Hospital

Operationalization to Portugal: Beers criteria of inappropriate medication use in the elderly

Introdução: A terapêutica medicamentosa do doente idoso requer cuidados acrescidos tendo em conta as suas alterações fisiopatológicas e múltiplas patologias, que o tornam mais susceptível a eventos adversos. Têm sido criados diversos instrumentos para avaliação do uso de medicamentos inapropriados no idoso, sendo o mais frequentemente utilizado, os Critérios de Beers, cuja última actualização data de 2002. Objectivos: Operacionalização dos Critérios de Beers para alertar os profissionais de saúde em Portugal. Métodos: Análise dos fármacos e grupos de fármacos dos Critérios de Beers, comercializados em Portugal, identificação das substâncias pertencentes aos grupos assinalados por Beers que não foram incluídas nestes Critérios. Resultados: Ajustaram-se as dois quadros dos Critérios de Beers, com referência às substâncias comercializadas em Portugal e inclusão das substâncias pertencentes aos grupos de fármacos indicados na escala de Beers, com respectivos graus de inapropriação e efeitos que podem ocorrer com a administração dos medicamentos aos idosos. No quadro 1 de Beers haviam 34 substâncias sem Autorização de Introdução no Mercado (AIM) e quatro possuem designações diferentes. No quadro 2, por possuírem AIM e não estarem mencionadas, incluíram-se três antidepressivos tricíclicos, 12 antipsicóticos convencionais, doses máximas de cinco benzodiazepinas de curta acção, não se tendo encontrado referência a doses de duas, e 28 AINEs, sendo que dois são Coxibs. Conclusão: A operacionalização para Portugal dos Critérios de Beers permite a criação de um instrumento que auxilie o médico na escolha de medicamentos e doses a prescrever ao idoso garantindo um aumento de segurança da terapêutica. Esta operacionalização permite ainda a comparação de resultados de estudos sobre terapêutica inapropriada no doente idoso realizados em países diferentes e que apliquem os Critérios de Beers.Introduction: Elderly drug therapy needs special care considering physiopatological alterations of this age group that increase the risk of adverse drug events occurrence and due to the high number of drugs used. Several tools have been created, as tables of drugs and group of drugs to be avoided in patients of 65 years old and over. Beers Criteria of 2002 update is the most used tool. Goals: To operationalize Beers Criteria to be used by health care professionals in Portugal. Methods: Analysis of the drugs and therapeutic classes included into the Beers Criteria approved for market in Portugal and the identification of other approved substances included in the pharmacological classes mentioned in Beers Criteria. The two tables in the Beers criteria were adapted to substances approved in Portugal, even including other marketed active substances belonging to therapeutic classes mentioned in Beers criteria. Levels of inappropriateness and the potential effects after their use in elderly were also included. In Beers table 1, 34 included substances don’t have approval in Portugal, and 4 have different denominations. In Beers table 2, three tricyclic antidepressants, 12 typical antipsychotics, 5 doses for short-action benzodiazepines, and 28 NSAIDs (being two coxibs) were included. Conclusions: The Portuguese operationalization of the Beers Criteria allows the creation of a tool that helps prescribers to choose drugs and doses for a safer prescription to the elderly. These adapted tables allow benchmarking among studies assessing inappropriateness use of drugs in different countries using Beers Criteria

Seleção de espécies de abelhas para avaliação de risco ambiental de algodoeiro GM no Cerrado brasileiro

The objective of this work was to list potential candidate bee species for environmental risk assessment (ERA) of genetically modified (GM) cotton and to identify the most suited bee species for this task, according to their abundance and geographical distribution. Field inventories of bee on cotton flowers were performed in the states of Bahia and Mato Grosso, and in Distrito Federal, Brazil. During a 344 hour sampling, 3,470 bees from 74 species were recovered, at eight sites. Apis mellifera dominated the bee assemblages at all sites. Sampling at two sites that received no insecticide application was sufficient to identify the three most common and geographically widespread wild species: Paratrigona lineata, Melissoptila cnecomola, and Trigona spinipes, which could be useful indicators of pollination services in the ERA. Indirect ordination of common wild species revealed that insecticides reduced the number of native bee species and that interannual variation in bee assemblages may be low. Accumulation curves of rare bee species did not saturate, as expected in tropical and megadiverse regions. Species‑based approaches are limited to analyze negative impacts of GM cotton on pollinator biological diversity. The accumulation rate of rare bee species, however, may be useful for evaluating possible negative effects of GM cotton on bee diversity. O objetivo deste trabalho foi listar espécies de abelhas candidatas potenciais para análise de risco ambiental (ARA) de algodoeiros geneticamente modificados (GM) e identificar as espécies de abelhas mais adequadas para essa finalidade, de acordo com sua abundância e distribuição geográfica. Inventários de abelhas em flores de algodoeiro foram realizados nos estados da Bahia e do Mato Grosso, e no Distrito Federal. Durante 344 horas de amostragem, foram coletadas 3.470 abelhas de 74 espécies, em oito locais. Apis mellifera dominou as assembleias de abelhas em todos os locais. A amostragem em dois locais que não receberam aplicação de inseticidas foi suficiente para identificar as três species de abelhas silvestres mais comuns e de distribuição geográfica mais ampla: Paratrigona lineata, Melissoptila cnecomola e Trigona spinipes, as quais poderiam ser usadas como indicadoras de serviços de polinização na ARA. A ordenação indireta de espécies silvestres comuns revelou que os inseticidas reduziram o número de espécies de abelhas nativas e que a variação interanual nas assembleias de abelhas pode ser baixa. As curvas de acumulação de espécies raras de abelhas não saturaram, conforme esperado em regiões tropicais e megadiversas. As abordagens baseadas em espécies são limitadas para avaliar os impactos negativos de algodoeiros GM sobre a diversidade biológica de polinizadores. A taxa de acumulação de espécies raras de abelhas, no entanto, pode ser útil para avaliar os possíveis efeitos negativos de algodoeiros GM sobre a diversidade de abelhas

Characterization of xanthan gum produced from sugar cane broth

AbstractXanthan gum was produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris NRRL B-1459 using diluted sugar cane broth in experiments that lasted 24h. The components used were in g/L: 27.0 sucrose; 2.0 Brewer's yeast; and 0.8 NH4NO3. The mixture was fermented at 750rpm and 0.35vvm. These conditions produced xanthan gum with the desired molecular weight and total sugar content, which were 4.2×106Da and 85.3%, respectively. The sugar consisted of 43% glucose, 32% mannose and 24% glucuronic acid in a 1.79:1.33:1 ratio. The xanthan gum produced by this method was confirmed by comparing the infrared spectrum of commercial xanthan gum with the infrared spectrum of the xanthan gum produced using this method. The infrared spectra were very similar, which confirmed the identity the xanthan gum produced using our method. The xanthan gum was also evaluated using Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR)

Risk factors for road traffic injury among adolescents in Brazil : National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE)

Os acidentes de transporte terrestre (ATT) causam expressivo número de mortes e hospitalizações entre jovens no mundo, sendo no Brasil responsável por 17,1% dos óbitos entre 10 e 14 anos. Este artigo apresenta resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), inquérito realizado em uma amostra probabilística de escolares do 9º ano do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas e privadas das capitais brasileiras, em 2009. Foram estimadas as prevalências (e IC95%) das situações de risco para acidentes de transporte. Os 60.973 entrevistados indicam que (nos últimos trinta dias): 26,3% (IC95% 25,5%-27,0%) referiram nunca ter usado cinto de segurança; 18,5% (IC95% 18,0%-19,1%) dos menores de 18 anos referiram ter dirigido veículo motorizado (>1 vez); 18,7% (IC95% 18,1%-19,2%) referiram ter sido transportados em veículo conduzido por alguém que consumiu bebida alcoólica (>1 vez) e 35% (IC95% 33,8%-36,2%) referiram não ter usado capacete pelo menos uma vez quando andava de motocicleta. Os resultados estão de acordo com as elevadas taxas de morbimortalidade de jovens no país por ATT, o que reforça a importância de ações educativas para adolescentes e a necessidade de ações intersetoriais integradas, além de legislação específica e fiscalização rigorosa.Road traffic injuries are the cause of an expressive number of deaths and hospitalizations among young people in the world. In Brazil, it is responsible for 17.1% of all deaths among adolescents aged 10 to 14 years. This article presents the results of the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE), using a probabilistic sample of students in the 9th grade of high schools (public and private) of the Brazilian capitals in 2009. The prevalence (and 95%CI) of risk factors for road traffic injury among adolescents were estimated. Main results from the 60,973 interviews were: in the last 30 days, 26.3% (25.5% to 27.0% 95%CI) reported no use of seat-belts while riding in a moving vehicle; 18.5% (18.0% to 19.1% 95%CI) of youths younger than 18 years reported driving a motor vehicle (> once); 18.7% (18.1% a 19.2% 95%CI) reported a history of being driven by a driver who had been drinking (> once); and 35.0% (33.8% to 36.2% 95%CI) reported no use of helmets while riding a motorcycle (> once). The results are in accordance with the high rates of morbidity and mortality from traffic injury among youths, reinforcing the need of integrated intersectoral actions, specific legal measures and strict control