The entangling side of the Unruh-Hawking effect

We show that the Unruh effect can create net quantum entanglement between inertial and accelerated observers depending on the choice of the inertial state. This striking result banishes the extended belief that the Unruh effect can only destroy entanglement and furthermore provides a new and unexpected source for finding experimental evidence of the Unruh and Hawking effects.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Added Journal referenc

Validation the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14sp) for adults in Spain. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal.

Abstract Objectives: The oral health-related quality of life indicators are increasingly used to measure the impact of oral conditions on quality of life to complement clinical data in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. One of the most internationally spread indicators is the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), but it has still never been applied in Spain. The aim of this study was to validate the OHIP-14 for use among adults in Spain. Study design: A cross-sectional study was performed in Granada (Spain). A consecutive sample (n=270) of the Regional Government staff visiting the Employment Risk Prevention Centre for a routine medical check-up participated in this study. All participants self-completed the piloted OHIP-14sp and were examined according to World Health Organization methodology for caries, periodontal disease and prosthesis. Reliability analyses and validity tests were carried out to evaluate the psychometric properties of the OHIP-14sp by using two different methods of total scoring (i.e. the Additive and the Simple Count). Results: The reliability coefficient (Cronbach´s alpha) of the OHIP-14sp was above the recommended 0.7 threshold and considered excellent (alpha: 0.89). Some subjective factors (perceived dental treatment need, complaints about mouth and self-rated oral satisfaction) were strongly associated with both total scoring methods of the OHIP-14sp, supporting the criterion, construct and convergent validity. Moreover the impact levels were mainly influenced by caries data, e.g., number of teeth requiring extraction (r = 0.21; p<0.01) and number of decayed visible teeth (between premolars) (r = 0.17; p<0.01). The prevalence of impacts was 80.7% using the occasional or more frequently threshold. The most prevalently affected OHIP domains were "psychological discomfort" (53.7%), "functional limitation" (51.1%) and "physical pain" (42.2%). Conclusions: The OHIP-14sp is a precise, valid and reliable instrument for assessing oral health-related quality of life among adult population in Spain

Modelo hidráulico para la optimización de subunidades irregulares de riego por goteo

La escasez de los recursos hídricos actuales, especialmente en las zonas con clima árido o semiárido, provocan la necesidad de desarrollar herramientas de ayuda en la toma de decisiones para el diseño y manejo del riego, y más cuando se pretende utilizar energía fotovoltaica. El objetivo del trabajo ha sido desarrollar un modelo hidráulico que pueda acoplarse al modelo fotovoltaico, para el caso más general de subunidades de riego de forma y topografía irregular, constituyendo una herramienta de ayuda en la toma de decisiones para el diseño y manejo del riego con energía fotovoltaica, analizando la calidad del riego en las distintas subunidades con forma y topografía irregular. Para la calibración y validación del modelo, se ha aplicado a una parcela de 90 ha, de un cultivo de almendro regado por goteo, situada en una zona con topografía y forma muy irregular. Los resultados permiten identificar las zonas con problemas en la uniformidad de emisión en función de la presión disponible en la entrada de la subunidad de riego.Nowadays, water resources are limited especially in places with arid and semi-arid conditions. For that reason, it is essential the development of decision support system models (DSS) aiming the design and management of irrigation systems, especially when they are fed with photovoltaic energy. The main objective of this study was the development of a hydraulic model linked with a photovoltaic model, considering the most general case of irrigation subunits with irregular shape and topography. Thus, a decision support system tool (DSS) for the design and management irrigation with photovoltaic power is developed. Analyzing the irrigation quality in different subunit with irregular shape and topography is a main issue in precision irrigation. For model calibration and validation has been applied in an almond field with 90 ha with drip irrigation located in a shape and topography land. The results enabled us to identify the areas with uniformity problems depending on the pressure in the subnit head

A survey of domestic wells and pit latrines in rural settlements of Mali: Implications of on-site sanitation on the quality of water supplies

On-site sanitation is generally advocated as a means to eradicate the health hazards associated with open defecation. While this has provided a welcome upgrade to the livelihoods of millions of people in low-income countries, improved sanitation facilities are increasingly becoming a threat to domestic groundwater-based supplies. Within this context, a survey of pit latrines, domestic wells and improved water sources was carried out in a large rural village of southern Mali. All households were surveyed for water, sanitation and hygiene habits. Domestic wells and improved water sources were georeferenced and sampled for water quality (pH, electric conductivity, temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids, thermotolerant coliforms, chloride and nitrate) and groundwater level, while all latrines were inspected and georeferenced. A GIS database was then used to evaluate the proportion of water points within the influence area of latrines, as well as to underpin multiple regression models to establish the determinants for fecal contamination in drinking supplies. Moreover, an appraisal of domestic water treatment practices was carried out. This revealed that nearly two-thirds of the population uses bleach to purify drinking supplies, but also that domestic-scale treatment as currently implemented by the population is far from effective. It is thus concluded that existing habits could be enhanced as a means to make water supplies safer. Furthermore, population, well and latrine density were all identified as statistically significant predictors for fecal pollution at different spatial scales. These findings are policy-relevant in the context of groundwater-dependent human settlements, since many countries in the developing world currently pursue the objective of eliminating open defecation

Validation the Oral Health Impact Profile Validation the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14sp) for adults in Spain

Abstract Objectives: The oral health-related quality of life indicators are increasingly used to measure the impact of oral conditions on quality of life to complement clinical data in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. One of the most internationally spread indicators is the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), but it has still never been applied in Spain. The aim of this study was to validate the OHIP-14 for use among adults in Spain. Study design: A cross-sectional study was performed in Granada (Spain). A consecutive sample (n=270) of the Regional Government staff visiting the Employment Risk Prevention Centre for a routine medical check-up participated in this study. All participants self-completed the piloted OHIP-14sp and were examined according to World Health Organization methodology for caries, periodontal disease and prosthesis. Reliability analyses and validity tests were carried out to evaluate the psychometric properties of the OHIP-14sp by using two different methods of total scoring (i.e. the Additive and the Simple Count). Results: The reliability coefficient (Cronbach´s alpha) of the OHIP-14sp was above the recommended 0.7 threshold and considered excellent (alpha: 0.89). Some subjective factors (perceived dental treatment need, complaints about mouth and self-rated oral satisfaction) were strongly associated with both total scoring methods of the OHIP-14sp, supporting the criterion, construct and convergent validity. Moreover the impact levels were mainly influenced by caries data, e.g., number of teeth requiring extraction (r = 0.21; p<0.01) and number of decayed visible teeth (between premolars) (r = 0.17; p<0.01). The prevalence of impacts was 80.7% using the occasional or more frequently threshold. The most prevalently affected OHIP domains were "psychological discomfort" (53.7%), "functional limitation" (51.1%) and "physical pain" (42.2%). Conclusions: The OHIP-14sp is a precise, valid and reliable instrument for assessing oral health-related quality of life among adult population in Spain

Fundamental limitations to information transfer in accelerated frames

We study communication between an inertial observer and one of two causally-disconnected counter accelerating observers. We will restrict the quantum channel considering inertial-to-accelerated bipartite classical and quantum communication over different sets of Unruh modes (single-rail or dual-rail encoding). We find that the coherent information (and therefore, the amount of entanglement that can be generated via state merging protocol) in this strongly restricted channel presents some interesting monogamy properties between the inertial and only one of the accelerated observers if we take a fixed choice of the Unruh mode used in the channel. The optimization of the controllable parameters is also studied and we find that they deviate from the values usually employed in the literature.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Prosthetic rehabilitation of an edentulous cleft palate using a denture with a palatal obturator: a clinical report

A cleft palate is a genetic disorder that occurs when an oro-nasal communication is present between the palate and the base of the nose. During pregnancy, the maxillary is not completely merged, and the defect is only seen at birth. Possible causes are hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, infections, radiation during pregnancy, alcohol or cigarette consumption, the ingestion of other teratogenic substances by the mother, and heredity. The resulting defect requires corrective surgery. In the case of a cleft palate, surgery is postponed until after the first year of life to avoid disturbing the normal development of speech and the risk of aspiration of food, which causes infections such as otitis and pneumonia. Ear infections can harm the development of speech in cases where surgery is not possible or the defect has reappeared. This article describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of a edentulous patient: a woman of 53 years old with a cleft palate who was treated surgically. In a clinical examination, a residual palatal defect was identified. The prosthetic rehabilitation involved the emplacement of a complete adapted prosthesis, using a palatal obturator, with a view to sealing the defect and allowing the patient to acquire better speech quality, and improve her nutrition and well-being