Słowo wstępne

Publikacja doskonale wpisuje się w klimat „protwórczości i prozdolności” dzisiejszych czasów. Powstała jako projekt teoretyczno-badawczy, który w swoich założeniach integruje dwa zespoły pracowników naukowych, przedstawicieli pedagogiki twórczości oraz edukacji artystycznej. Autorzy postawili sobie nader ambitne zadanie, związane z przedstawieniem podstaw pedagogiki pozytywnej, w oparciu o zgromadzoną wiedzę teoretyczną jak i wyniki badań własnych. Istotnym walorem poznawczym książki jest sposób narracji, jakim posługują się Autorzy. Z jednej strony mamy do czynienia z naukowym i rzetelnym wykładem, z drugiej strony autorzy w żywy i lekki sposób omawiają problematykę, która skłania czytelnika do własnych refleksji i przemyśleń, zachęca do projektowania własnych działań pedagogicznych. Wydaje się zatem, że Autorom doskonale znana jest koncepcja refleksyjnego praktyka, skoro prezentując swoje wywody sprawiają, iż odbiorca staje się refleksyjnym czytelnikiem.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00

Introduction. Abilities – Talent – Creativity. Very „Present” Discourses

The text offers an introduction into the sixteenth issue of “Educational Sciences. Interdisciplinary Studies,” which is dedicated to the topic of educational, family, and cultural conditions for recognizing and supporting abilities, talent, and creativity. In the introduction, the authors emphasize that the topic of abilities and talents has become an important subject in contemporary studies in pedagogy and psychology. The sixteenth issue of the journal consists of both theoretical and empirical articles, which present the results of the authors’ research projects.Tekst wprowadza do problematyki szesnastego numeru „Nauk o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne”, który poświęcony został problematyce edukacyjnych, rodzinnych oraz kulturowych uwarunkowań rozpoznawania i wspierania zdolności, talentu oraz kreatywności. Autorzy we wprowadzeniu podkreślają, iż tematyka zdolności i uzdolnień stała się współcześnie znaczącym problemem w badaniach pedagogicznych i psychologicznych. W numerze szesnastym znalazły się artykuły o charakterze zarówno teoretycznym, jak i w ujęciu empirycznym, w których autorzy prezentują wyniki badań własnych

Walidacja komunikacyjna w analizie wyników badań pedagogicznych

The article touches upon the subject of communicative validation. In the first part, the authors provide an insight into methodological literature discussing communicative validation as a means of assessing the accuracy of data, basing on the estimation provided by people who participated in quality tests. The second part presents examples of communicative validation application in research into everyday activities and the role of key people in developing directional capabilities. In the summary, the authors ask about the accuracy and purposefulness of validation.The article touches upon the subject of communicative validation. In the first part, the authors provide an insight into methodological literature discussing communicative validation as a means of assessing the accuracy of data, basing on the estimation provided by people who participated in quality tests. The second part presents examples of communicative validation application in research into everyday activities and the role of key people in developing directional capabilities. In the summary, the authors ask about the accuracy and purposefulness of validation

Treatment of External Cervical Resorption and Its Late Complication: A Case Report

External cervical resorption is a type of pathological root resorption that is often asymptomatic. It leads to progressive loss of dental hard tissues while the pulp usually remains vital. The first symptom reported by a patient may be a pink shadow at an esthetic zone. This case report describes the treatment of external cervical resorption of a first upper incisor according to the new classification, treatment and management methods introduced in 2018. After 30 months the endodontic treatment was performed due to pulp necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis

Peripheral nerve involvement in myotonic dystrophy type 2 – similar or different than in myotonic dystrophy type 1?

Introduction Multisystem manifestations of myotonic dystrophies type 1 (DM1) and 2 (DM2) are well known. Peripheral nerve involvement has been reported in DM1 but not in genetically confirmed DM2. The aim of our study was to assess peripheral nerve involvement in DM2 using nerve conduction studies and to compare these results with findings in DM1. Methods We prospectively studied patients with genetically confirmed DM2 (n=30) and DM1 (n=32). All patients underwent detailed neurological examination and nerve conduction studies. Results Abnormalities in electrophysiological studies were found in 26.67% of patients with DM2 and in 28.13% of patients with DM1 but the criteria of polyneuropathy were fulfilled in only 13.33% of patients with DM2 and 12.5% of patients with DM1. The polyneuropathy was subclinical, and no correlation was found between its presence and patient age or disease duration. Conclusions Peripheral nerves are quite frequently involved in DM2, but abnormalities meeting the criteria of polyneuropathy are rarely found. The incidence of peripheral nerve involvement is similar in both types of myotonic dystrophy

General or Specific Creativity? Individual Case

The topic of the article is the dilemma of specificity versus generality of creative abilities and creativity in general, which is important in contemporary research on creativity. In the first part, the authors describe in a synthetic way the main theses of the supporters of the theory of specificity, and then – briefly – present a polemic with the theses of the supporters of the theory of generality of creative abilities. The main part of the text is a description of an individual case study (instrumental and descriptive), the work of a multi-disciplinary scientist and poet – Urszula Zajączkowska. The case study is structured around the answer to the question of what is the factor that allows her to create in various domains of creativity? In the final part, the authors present several conclusions from this and other studies and formulate postulates for further empirical exploration related to the hybrid research paradigm, referred to as the “third way” in research on the dilemma described here

The state of dentition in 6-year-old children from the Zachodniopomorskie region

Introduction. Dental caries in deciduous teeth is a big problem in pedodontics because of its considerable frequency and the very low age of patients. The health status of children’s oral cavity is related to a number of different factors and it is also connected with prophylaxis and pro-health education. Aim of the study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health status of dentition in 6-year-old children from the city of Szczecin and the Zachodniopomorskie province. Material and methods. 60 children of both sexes were examined from the city of Szczecin, 30 children from a town in the above province and 30 from a village. Results. The results showed a very high prevalence of caries and high values for the DMF/dmf indices in children from the town and village. The children coming from the town and village need more encouragement in pro-health habits and better access to dental care than children of the same age from the city. Conclusion. The results show a decidedly worse status of dentition in children from the small town and the village than in their peers from the city. Thus it is necessary to implement preventive and treatment measures as well as improving oral health awareness among the parents and guardians, particularly in small towns and country areas

Fluorosis in humans and animals

Fluorine compounds occur quite commonly in nature. They are exist in water, in soil, in geological decks, in living organisms. On human and animal bodies can influence moderately preferably or more often unfavorably. The deficiency or excess of this element results in undesirable effects in hard tissue, nervous tissue and other organs. Due to adverse effect of this element to a living organism it comes to fluorosis. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the toxic effect of fluoride compounds on the human and other vertebrate animals depending on the time and dosage F- and the type of tissue and / or organ on the basis of the scientific literature. On the basis of the available publications, it was revealed that F- toxicity substantially depends on time and dose exposure on these element. Chronic fluorosis, more often than acute is observed in human and animals. Biological factors (including species differences) susceptibility, metabolic activity of tissue and environmental factors can accumulate, which increases probability of F- toxicity for living organisms.Związki fluoru w przyrodzie występują dość powszechnie. Obecne są w wodzie, w glebie, w głębokich pokładach geologicznych i żywych organizmach. Na człowieka i zwierzęta mogą oddziaływać w umiarkowany sposób korzystnie lub znacznie częściej niekorzystnie. Zarówno niedobór, jak i nadmiar fluorków powoduje niepożądane efekty w tkankach twardych, tkance nerwowej i innych narządach. W wyniku niekorzystnego oddziaływania tego pierwiastka na organizm żywy dochodzi do fluorozy. Celem pracy było określenie toksycznego efektu oddziaływania związków fluoru na organizm człowieka i innych zwierząt kręgowych w zależności od czasu i ilości dawki pobieranych F- oraz rodzaju tkanki i/lub narządu kumulującego F- na podstawie dostępnego piśmiennictwa naukowego. Na podstawie przeanalizowanych publikacji stwierdzono, że toksyczność F- w znacznym stopniu zależy od czasu ekspozycji i dawki narażenia na ten pierwiastek. U ludzi i zwierząt częściej obserwuje się fluorozę przewlekłą niż ostrą. Czynniki biologiczne (w tym różnice gatunkowe), wrażliwość i aktywność metaboliczna tkanek oraz czynniki środowiskowe mogą się kumulować, co zwiększa prawdopodobieństw

Oral Health Related Behaviors in Relation to DMFT Indexes of Teenagers in an Urban Area of North-West Poland—Dental Caries Is Still a Common Problem

Caries has a negative influence on health and is still a public health problem among children and adolescents in Poland. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of dietary habits, oral hygiene behaviors and the frequency of usage of dental services with the dental caries index in teenagers in North-West Poland. The study enrolled 264 children (147M/117F) aged 15. Participants filled out a questionnaire regarding age, sex, frequency of visits to the dentist, dietary habits and oral hygiene behaviors, and the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index (DMFT) was calculated. Caries was found in 88.6% of subjects. The lower or no caries experience group (DMFT ≤ 5) comprised of 180 subjects, while higher caries experience (DMFT > 5) was found in 84 teenagers and was significantly inversely associated with tooth brushing after the last meal (OR = 0.45; 95% CI:0.21–0.97; p = 0.04) and the daily use of dental floss (OR = 0.12; 95% CI:0.01–0.92; p = 0.04). There is an emerging need for the implementation of effective caries prevention and recovery programs in Poland. Health promotion focusing on oral hygiene behaviors should be disseminated more widely because lower caries experience was demonstrated in teenagers declaring healthy oral habits. Another important need is the development of multi-sectorial actions aiming at the improvement of dietary habits