Desafíos del Estado hoy frente al no registro del trabajo doméstico entre mujeres

En esta ponencia se a presentan los resultados preliminares del trabajo de investigación en curso sobre las causas y fundamentos socio-culturales de la problemática del trabajo domestico femenino no registrado en la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Desde una perspectiva teórico metodológico que privilegia el punto de vista de los sujetos (trabajadoras domésticas y empleadores), el presente trabajo propone discutir y evaluar el desarrollo de políticas públicas orientadas a la regularización del servicio doméstico sosteniendo que la aplicación de tales acciones debe tener en cuenta la realdad socio- cultural y las prácticas cotidianas de los sujetos involucrados. A su vez, la investigación propone otros elementos simbólicos y culturales que deben ser analizados a hora de comprender las dificultades que enfrenta el Estado para fortalecer el registro laboral de esta actividad y la informalidad y falta de derechos sociales que la caracteriza. De ese modo, el trabajo en curso enfatiza la necesidad de interpretar el punto de vista de las trabajadoras y de analizar como estas logran, en contextos desfavorables, desarrollar e incorporar como parte de su trabajo estrategias de vida donde los actores sociales del empleo doméstico, carente de derechos y estabilidad, resulta funcional a la dinámica familiar propia, a la estructuración de la economía domestica y a la reproducción de relaciones sociale

Drug-induced hypertension: Know the problem to know how to deal with it

Arterial hypertension remains the world's leading mortality risk factor and despite overwhelming evidence that blood pressure-lowering strategies greatly reduce the cardiovascular risk, a substantial proportion of hypertensive individuals worldwide fail to achieve an optimal blood pressure control under treatment. Among the causes responsible for the gap existing between blood pressure lowering potential of the different antihypertensive treatments and real-life practice is the presence of drug-induced hypertension. Many therapeutic agents or substances may directly favour an increment of blood pressure values or counteract the blood pressure lowering effects of antihypertensive drugs. Excessive water and sodium retention, direct vasoconstriction or sympathomimetic activation are major mechanisms of action of such substances. The present manuscript will review medications and other substances that may increase blood pressure, also suggesting the choice of the more appropriate antihypertensive agents to employ when withdrawal of the substance or drug causing an elevation of blood pressure values is not possible

POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS Y TRABAJADORAS DOMESTICAS EN EL ÁREA METROPOLITANA DE BUENOS AIRES

Este artículo aborda la problemática del trabajo doméstico femenino de casas particulares en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA). Se busca comprender de qué forma estas trabajadoras, en contextos sociales de desigualdad, desarrollan estrategias donde su trabajo es actualizado en la producción de la dinámica familiar e identitaria, y en la elaboración práctica de sus herencias culturales y su “mundo de vida”. En este sentido, se propone discutir y evaluar algunas de las políticas públicas orientadas a la regularización de esta actividad laboral. La investigación que la ha dado origen plantea la existencia de elementos simbólicos y culturales que deben ser tenidos en cuenta a hora de comprender las dificultades que enfrenta el Estado para fortalecer el registro laboral, la informalidad y la falta de derechos sociales que la caracteriza. De ese modo, el trabajo en curso enfatiza la necesidad de interpretar el punto de vista de las trabajadoras así como la estructuración de la economía doméstica y de reproducción de relaciones sociales en que se produce dicho trabaj

Sucessão familiar: os desafios ao longo das gerações / Family succession: the challenges throughout the generations

As empresas familiares, na sua grande maioria, começam suas atividades de forma bem pequena. Apresentam, inicialmente, poucos produtos, serviços e funcionários, e não possuem estrutura física e nem financeira estável. Porém, com o passar dos anos suas atividades atingem certo sucesso, e com o crescimento econômico das mesmas, há uma forte necessidade de melhoramento estrutural e profissional dos envolvidos, o que é fundamental para a continuidade da vida financeira de qualquer empresa. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é identificar quais foram às principais dificuldades encontradas no processo sucessório para o antecessor e sucessor de uma empresa familiar?  Foram realizadas entrevistas com cinco empresas familiares de Venda Nova do Imigrante, com aplicação de um questionário aos antecessores e sucessores da empresa, para avaliar suas dificuldades neste processo e as devidas contribuições. As principais dificuldades encontradas no processo de sucessão na visão do antecessor foram o medo da inovação e a dificuldade em acompanhar o raciocínio dos filhos

Long-Lasting Efficacy of Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer Neuromodulation Treatment on Functional Dysmetria, an Adaptive Motor Behavior

BackgroundFluctuating asymmetry (FA) is widely defined as the deviation from perfect bilateral symmetry and is considered an epigenetic measure of environmental stress. Rinaldi and Fontani hypothesized that the FA morpho-functional changes originate from an adaptive motor behavior determined by functional alterations in the cerebellum and neural circuits, not caused by a lesion, but induced by environmental stress. They called this phenomenon functional dysmetria (FD). On this premise, they developed the radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology, a neuromodulation technology aimed at optimizing the best neuro-psycho-motor strategies in relation to environmental interaction.AimsPrevious studies showed that specific REAC neuro postural optimization (NPO) treatment can induce stable FD recovery. This study aimed to verify the duration of the NPO effect in inducing the stable FD recovery over timeMaterials and methodsData were retrospectively collected from a population of 29,794 subjects who underwent a specific semiological FD assessment and received the NPO treatment, regardless of the pathology referred.ResultsThe analysis of the data collected by the various participants in the study led us to ascertain the disappearance of FD in 100% of the cases treated, with a stability of the result detected up to 18 years after the single administration of the REAC NPO treatment.ConclusionsThe REAC NPO neurobiological modulation treatment consisting of a single administration surprisingly maintains a very long efficacy in the correction of FD. This effect can be explained as the long-lasting capacity of the NPO treatment to induce greater functional efficiency of the brain dynamics as proven in previous studies

Angiotensin II and vascular damage in hypertension: Role of oxidative stress and sympathetic activation

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxygen derivates and play an active role in vascular biology. These compounds are generated within the vascular wall, at the level of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as by adventitial fibroblasts. Physiologically, ROS generation is counteracted effectively by the rate of elimination. In hypertension, a ROS excess occurs, which is not counterbalanced by the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, leading to a state of oxidative stress. Angiotensin II, the active peptide of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS), is a significant stimulus for ROS generation within the vasculature. It was also documented that at the level of subfornical cerebral regions an inappropriate RAS stimulation may lead to an increased vascular sympathetic activity. More recently, in conditions of fetal undernutrition, it was also proposed an increased vascular sympathetic activity secondary to inappropriate RAS activation, leading to the development of hypertension in adult life. The present review will discuss the complex interaction between RAS activation, vascular ROS generation and increased sympathetic outflow in hypertension

POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS Y TRABAJADORAS DOMESTICAS EN EL ÁREA METROPOLITANA DE BUENOS AIRES

Este artículo aborda la problemática del trabajo doméstico femenino de casas particulares en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA). Se busca comprender de qué forma estas trabajadoras, en contextos sociales de desigualdad, desarrollan estrategias donde su trabajo es actualizado en la producción de la dinámica familiar e identitaria, y en la elaboración práctica de sus herencias culturales y su “mundo de vida”. En este sentido, se propone discutir y evaluar algunas de las políticas públicas orientadas a la regularización de esta actividad laboral. La investigación que la ha dado origen plantea la existencia de elementos simbólicos y culturales que deben ser tenidos en cuenta a hora de comprender las dificultades que enfrenta el Estado para fortalecer el registro laboral, la informalidad y la falta de derechos sociales que la caracteriza. De ese modo, el trabajo en curso enfatiza la necesidad de interpretar el punto de vista de las trabajadoras así como la estructuración de la economía doméstica y de reproducción de relaciones sociales en que se produce dicho trabaj

Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Obesity

Purpose of Review: To examine the state of the art on the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in the microcirculation of patients with obesity, focusing on the complex relationship between the consolidated and the novel mechanisms involved in this alteration. Recent Findings: Human obesity is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction, caused by a reduced nitric oxide availability secondary to an enhanced oxidative stress production. Pro-inflammatory cytokine generation, secreted by perivascular adipose tissue, is a major mechanism whereby obesity is associated with a reduced vascular NO availability. Vasculature also represents a source of low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress which contribute to endothelial dysfunction in obese patients. Recently, a direct influence of arginase on endothelial function by reducing nitric oxide availability was demonstrated in small vessels from patients with severe obesity. This effect is modulated by ageing and related to the high levels of vascular oxidative stress. Summary: Oxidative stress, inflammation, and enzymatic pathways are important players in the pathophysiology of obesity-related vascular disease. The identification of new therapeutic approaches able to interfere with these mechanisms will result in more effective prevention of the cardiovascular complications associated with obesity

Pancreatic iron stores assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in beta thalassemic patients

Purpose: To assess the correlation between MRI findings of the pancreas with those of the heart and liver in patients with beta thalassemia; to compare the pancreas T2* MRI results with glucose and ferritin levels and labile plasma iron (LPI). Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated chronically transfused patients, testing glucose with enzymatic tests, serum ferritin with chemiluminescence, LPI with cellular fluorescence, and T2* MRI to assess iron content in the heart, liver, and pancreas. MRI results were compared with one another and with serum glucose, ferritin, and LPI. Liver iron concentration (LIC) was determined in 11 patients' liver biopsies by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: 289 MRI studies were available from 115 patients during the period studied. 9.4% of patients had overt diabetes and an additional 16% of patients had impaired fasting glucose. Both pancreatic and cardiac R2* had predictive power (p < 0.0001) for identifying diabetes. Cardiac and pancreatic R2* were modestly correlated with one another (r(2) = 0.20, p < 0.0001). Both were weakly correlated with LIC (r(2) = 0.09, p < 0.0001 for both) and serum ferritin (r(2) = 0.14, p < 0.0001 and r(2) = 0.03, p < 0.02, respectively). None of the three served as a screening tool for single observations. There is a strong log-log, or power-law, relationship between ratio of signal intensity (SIR) values and pancreas R2* with an r(2) of 0.91. Conclusions: Pancreatic iron overload can be assessed by MRI, but siderosis in other organs did not correlate significantly with pancreatic hemosiderosis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Brazilian Ministry of HealthBrazilian Ministry of Healt