Calidad de la leche en elaboradores de quesos caprinos de Taco Ralo – Tucumán

Esta segunda hoja de información técnica muestra el trabajo de extensión y desarrollo rural que se llevó a cabo junto a productores de la localidad de Taco Ralo (Tucumán) con el fin de mejorar las condiciones de extracción y calidad de la leche en elaboradores de quesos caprinosEEA FamailláFil: Saldaño, Silvina Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá. Agencia de Extensión Rural Simoca; ArgentinaFil: Chavez Clemente, Monica Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez Allendes, Maria Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Mendez, Ramiro Ezequiel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá. Agencia de Extensión Rural Simoca; ArgentinaFil: Lassalle, Elena. Programa Cambio Rural; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Jorge. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Argentin

Role of mitochondria-bound HK2 in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes

BackgroundGlucose metabolism, specifically, hexokinase 2 (HK2), has a critical role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) phenotype. HK2 localizes not only in the cytosol but also in the mitochondria, where it protects mitochondria against stress. We hypothesize that mitochondria-bound HK2 is a key regulator of RA FLS phenotype.MethodsHK2 localization was evaluated by confocal microscopy after FLS stimulation. RA FLSs were infected with Green fluorescent protein (GFP), full-length (FL)-HK2, or HK2 lacking its mitochondrial binding motif (HK2ΔN) expressing adenovirus (Ad). RA FLS was also incubated with methyl jasmonate (MJ; 2.5 mM), tofacitinib (1 µM), or methotrexate (1 µM). RA FLS was tested for migration and invasion and gene expression. Gene associations with HK2 expression were identified by examining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from murine models of arthritis. Mice were injected with K/BxN serum and given MJ. Ad-FLHK2 or Ad-HK2ΔN was injected into the knee of wild-type mice.ResultsCobalt chloride (CoCl2) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation induced HK2 mitochondrial translocation. Overexpression of the HK2 mutant and MJ incubation reversed the invasive and migrative phenotype induced by FL-HK2 after PDGF stimulation, and MJ also decreased the expression of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CXCL1) and Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain (COL1A1). Of interest, tofacitinib but not methotrexate had an effect on HK2 dissociation from the mitochondria. In murine models, MJ treatment significantly decreased arthritis severity, whereas HK2FL was able to induce synovial hypertrophy as opposed to HK2ΔN.ConclusionOur results suggest that mitochondrial HK2 regulates the aggressive phenotype of RA FLS. New therapeutic approaches to dissociate HK2 from mitochondria offer a safer approach than global glycolysis inhibition

Valorización del queso caprino de Taco Ralo (Tucumán)

El objetivo del trabajo fue valorizar el queso Criollo caprino de productores de Taco Ralo con el fin de resguardar, difundir y dar valor a un producto local, ampliamente reconocido y con comercialización a nivel regional. El lugar de estudio es la localidad de Taco Ralo, Departamento Graneros, ubicada en la región de la Llanura Chaco-pampeana semiárida, el relevamiento realizado de productores y cabezas en la localidad de Taco Ralo muestran una existencia de 8897 cabezas caprinas en manos de 140 productoresEEA FamailláFil: Saldaño, Silvina Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá. Agencia de Extensión Rural Simoca; ArgentinaFil: Chavez Clemente, Monica Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez Allendes, Maria Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Orosco, Silvia Marisol. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Mok, F. Programa Cambio Rural; ArgentinaFil: Mendez, Ramiro Ezequiel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá. Agencia de Extensión Rural Simoca; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Jorge. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Argentin

Emotional Processing Profile in Patients with First Episode Schizophrenia:The Influence of Neurocognition

This study sought to investigate the influence of neurocognition on the emotional processing profiles of patients with first-episode schizophrenia, using the 4-branch Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) (Perceiving Emotions; Facilitating Emotions; Understanding Emotions and Managing Emotions). A sample of 78 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and a group of 90 non-psychiatric control subjects were included in this work. The initial results showed that patients had lower scores than controls for the "Understanding Emotions" and "Managing Emotions" MSCEIT branches. However, after controlling for neurocognition, the only deficits were found on the "Managing Emotions" branch of the MSCEIT. This branch can be considered as measuring a more sophisticated level of emotional processing, which may constitute a deficit in itself. In conclusion, patients with first-episode schizophrenia present deficits in social cognition at the highest level that seem to be independent from neurocognition. These findings support the inclusion of the "Managing Emotions" branch of the MSCEIT as part of the MCCB.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI16/00359)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/00766)Comunidad de Madrid (S2017/BMD-3740)Ministry of Health (MOH-000013)4.242 JCR (2020) Q1, 39/167 Medicine, general & internal1.040 SJR (2021) Q1, 438/2489 Medicine (miscellaneous)No data IDR 2020UE

Critical COPD respiratory illness is linked to increased transcriptomic activity of neutrophil proteases genes

BACKGROUND: Gene expression profiling (GEP) in cells obtained from peripheral blood has shown that this is a very useful approach for biomarker discovery and for studying molecular pathogenesis of prevalent diseases. While there is limited literature available on gene expression markers associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), the transcriptomic picture associated with critical respiratory illness in this disease is not known at the present moment. FINDINGS: By using Agilent microarray chips, we have profiled gene expression signatures in the whole blood of 28 COPD patients hospitalized with different degrees of respiratory compromise.12 of them needed of admission to the ICU, whilst 16 were admitted to the Respiratory Medicine Service. GeneSpring GX 11.0 software was used for performing statistical comparisons of transcript levels between ICU and non-ICU patients. Ingenuity pathway analysis 8.5 (IPA) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to select, annotate and visualize genes by function and pathway (gene ontology). T-test showed evidence of 1501 genes differentially expressed between ICU and non-ICU patients. IPA and KEGG analysis of the most representative biological functions revealed that ICU patients had increased levels of neutrophil gene transcripts, being [cathepsin G (CTSG)], [elastase, neutrophil expressed (ELANE)], [proteinase 3 (PRTN3)], [myeloperoxidase (MPO)], [cathepsin D (CTSD)], [defensin, alpha 3, neutrophil-specific (DEFA3)], azurocidin 1 (AZU1)], and [bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI)] the most representative ones. Proteins codified by these genes form part of the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and are involved in both antimicrobial defence and tissue damage. This “neutrophil signature” was paralleled by the necessity of advanced respiratory and vital support, and the presence of bacterial infection. CONCLUSION: Study of transcriptomic signatures in blood suggests an essential role of neutrophil proteases in COPD patients with critical respiratory illness. Measurement and modulation of the expression of these genes could present an option for clinical monitoring and treatment of severe COPD exacerbations

Molecular characterization of multidrug resistant Enterobacterales strains isolated from liver and kidney transplant recipients in Spain

The objective of this study was to analyse the mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems and other extended-spectrum-?-lactams and to determine the genetic relatedness of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales (MDR-E) causing colonization or infection in solid-organ transplantation (SOT) recipients. Prospective cohort study in kidney (n= 142), liver (n= 98) or kidney/pancreas (n= 7) transplant recipients between 2014 and 2018 in seven Spanish hospitals. We included 531 MDR-E isolates from rectal swabs obtained before transplantation and weekly for 4?6 weeks after the procedure and 10 MDR-E from clinical samples related to an infection. Overall, 46.2% Escherichia coli, 35.3% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 6.5% Enterobacter cloacae, 6.3% Citrobacter freundii and 5.7% other species were isolated. The number of patients with MDR-E colonization post-transplantation (176; 71.3%) was 2.5-fold the number of patients colonized pre-transplantation (71; 28.7%). Extended spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases were detected in 78.0% and 21.1% of MDR-E isolates respectively. In nine of the 247 (3.6%) transplant patients, the microorganism causing an infection was the same strain previously cultured from surveillance rectal swabs. In our study we have observed a low rate of MDR-E infection in colonized patients 4?6 weeks post-transplantation. E. coli producing blaCTX-M-G1 and K. pneumoniae harbouring blaOXA-48 alone or with blaCTX-M-G1 were the most prevalent MDR-E colonization strains in SOT recipients.Acknowledgements The authors thank Mª Jesús Lecea and Laura Álvarez for technical assistance. Tis research was supported by ‘Plan Nacional de I+D+i and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias 13/01191), Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, and the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0007, RD16/0016/0010, RD16/0016/0012, RD16/0016/0011, RD16/0016/0008, RD16/0016/0002). Te study was co-fnanced by the European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” and the Operative Program Intelligent Growth 2014‐2020

Análisis de la interacción Mar-Tierra como base de la gestión de zonas costeras: estudio comparativo entre Argentina y Uruguay

La tierra y el mar están inherentemente conectados a través de múltiples y complejas interacciones socioecológicas que influyen en el sustento y bienestar de las personas. Mediante una aproximación metodológica interdisciplinaria y el análisis de un caso regional comparativo entre la costa Sur de Mar del Plata (Argentina) y la costa Oeste de Montevideo (Uruguay), se plantean la identificación de usos terrestres y marinos con implicancias mutuas, registrar estas interacciones analizando su grado de compatibilidad y, comparar analíticamente los resultados. Ambas áreas de estudio presentaron similares usos y actividades T- M, así como la proporción de interacciones positivas y conflictivas. El análisis de los aspectos comunes permitió identificar que los conflictos medios se relacionan con la coexistencia espacial y temporal de usos y actividades costero-marinas. Las diferencias, se manifestaron por actividades desarrolladas en un área y no en otra, por la modalidad y tipología de desarrollo o porque no se registraron temporal y espacialmente interacciones comunes. La investigación aportó a la construcción de consensos conceptuales y metodológicos sobre las interacciones T-M-T. Estas fueron aplicadas respectivamente en tierra y en el mar, en ambos estudios de casos piloto.Land and sea are inherently connected through multiple and complex socioecological interactions that influence people's livelihoods and well-being. Through an interdisciplinary methodological approach and the analysis of a comparative regional case between the south coast of Mar del Plata (Argentina) and the west coast of Montevideo (Uruguay), the aim is to identify land and marine uses with mutual implications, to record these interactions by analyzing their degree of compatibility, and to analytically compare the results. Both study areas presented similar uses and T-M activities, as well as the proportion of positive and conflicting interactions. The analysis of the common aspects allowed us to identify that the average conflicts are related to the spatial and temporal coexistence of coastal-marine uses and activities. The differences were manifested by activities developed in one area and not in another, by the modality and typology of development or because common interactions were not recorded temporally and spatially. The research contributed to the construction of conceptual and methodological consensus on T-M-T interactions. These were applied respectively on land and at sea, in both pilot case studies.Fil: Echeverría, Luciana. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Verón, Eleonora Marta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Medina, Mercedes. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Socrate, Juliana. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades. Departamento de Geografía. Centro de Investigaciones Geográficas Socio-ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, M. Victoria. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Garcia, Monica Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades. Departamento de Geografía. Centro de Investigaciones Geográficas Socio-ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Melisa. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Pérez Brum, William. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Camiolo, Martina Daniela. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Vallvé, Elena. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Jaureguizar, Andrés Javier. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Caporale, Marcela. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Machain, Tiago. Universidad de la República; Urugua