Simulación de la evaporación horaria a partir de datos meteorológicos

[ES] En este artículo se proponen y validan dos modelos, con distinto grado de complejidad, para simular la evaporación a escala horaria en pequeños cuerpos de agua, concretamente en tanques evaporímetros clase A. En primer lugar se ha desarrollado un modelo multicapa, basado en la discretización del volumen de agua en varios estratos. Se han establecido las ecuaciones del balance de energía, tanto en la capa superficial como en las sucesivas capas consideradas, y se ha resuelto el sistema de ecuaciones que configuran el balance energético del tanque mediante aproximaciones iterativas. La validación de este modelo a escala horaria, con datos experimentales obtenidos en Cartagena (España), confirma la existencia de un proceso de mezcla convectivo en el tanque, que produce una homogeneización de la temperatura del agua incluso durante el periodo diurno. Para modelizar correctamente este fenómeno se ha propuesto y validado una función del viento que actúa sobre el coeficiente de mezcla convectivo en el seno del tanque. En una segunda etapa, se ha desarrollado un modelo numérico simplificado que asume un funcionamiento isotermo del tanque. Los resultados obtenidos son similares a los proporcionados por el modelo multicapa, aunque algo menos precisos.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por la Fundación Séneca mediante el proyecto PI-45/00851/FS/01 “Desarrollo y evaluación experimental de un modelo de evaporación de agua en lámina libre. Aplicación a la mejora del aprovechamiento del agua mediante el estudio de la eficiencia de técnicas reductoras de la evaporación en embalses de riego”.Martínez Álvarez, V.; Molina Martínez, J.; González-Real, MM.; Baille, A. (2005). Simulación de la evaporación horaria a partir de datos meteorológicos. 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Modelling temperature variation and termal stratification in shallow aquaculture ponds. Ecological Modelling, 54: 189-226.Miro-Granada, J., 1984. Evaporación en Embalses. Instituto Nacional de Meteorología (INM). Ministerio de Transportes, Turismo y Comunicaciones, Madrid, p.139.Molina, J.M., 2004. Caracterización y modelización de la evaporación en tanques evaporímetros y embalses de riego. Evaluación de los efectos de mallas de sombreo. Tesis Doctoral, Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, España, p 207.Molina, J.M., Martínez, V. y Górriz, B., 2003. Automatización con control horario del llenado de tanques evaporímetros clase A. 2º Congreso Nacional de Agroingeniería, Córdoba, España, 451-452.Molina, J.M., Martínez, V. y Baille, A., 2002a. Estación experimental para el registro de las variables implicadas en la modelización del proceso de evaporación y el estudio de diferentes técnicas reductoras. XX Congreso Nacional de Riegos, Ciudad Real, España, 105-106.Molina, J.M., Martínez, V. y Baille, A., 2002b. Modificaciones microclimáticas inducidas por mallas planas de sombreo empleadas para reducir la evaporación en embalses. VI Congreso Internacional de Ingeniería de Proyectos, Barcelona, España, 261-262.Monteith, J.L., 1965. Evaporation and the environment. Symposium of the Society of Experimental Biology, 19: 245-269.Octavio, K.A., Jirka, G.H. y Harlman, D.R.F., 1977. Vertical transport mechanism in lakes and reservoirs. Technical report No. 227, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, MIT Cambridge, M.A, p. 131.Orlob, G.T., 1983. Models for stratified impoundments. Ins. Biswas, A.K. (Ed), Models for Water Quality Management, McGraw-Hill, New York, 273-313.Oroud, I.M., 1998. The influence of heat conduction on evaporation from sunken pans in hot, dry environment. Journal of Hydrology, 210: 1-10.Penman, H.L., 1948. Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass. Royal Soc. London Proc. Ser. A, 193:120-146.Pereira, A.R., Villa Nova, N.A., Pereira, A.S. y Barbieri, V., 1995. A model for the class A pan coefficient. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology, 76: 75-82.Sundaram, T.R y Rehm, R.G., 1973. The seasonal thermal structure of deep temperature lakes, Tellus, 25: 157-167.Shuttleworth, W.J., 1982. Evaporation. Handbook of Hydrology. Chapter 4: 53.Thom, A.S., Thony, J.L. y Vauclin, M., 1981, On the proper employment of evaporation pans and atmometers in estimating potential transpiration. Quarterly Jounal of the Royal Meteorology Society, 107: 711-736.Wartena, L. y Borghorst, A.J.W., 1961. The energy balance of an evaporation pan and the measurement of the reflectivity of its bottom. Quarterly Jounal of the Royal Meteorology Society, 87: 245-249.Weast, R.C., 1980. CRC. Handbook of Chemistry and Fhysics. CRC Press, Boca Raton. FL. EEUU

Comparison of Maldi-Tof with gene sequencing in bacteria isolates from plants belonging to family Rhizobiaceae

Comunicaciones a congreso

Anatomo-functional organization in brain networks

There are several studies focused on comparing rsFC networks with their structural substrate \cite{hagmann2008, honey2010}. However an accurate description of how anatomo-­functional connections are organized, both at physical and topological levels, is still to be defined. Here we present an approach to quantify the anatomo-functional organization and discuss its consistency

Competing endogenous rna networks as biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases

Protein aggregation is classically considered the main cause of neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). However, increasing evidence suggests that alteration of RNA metabolism is a key factor in the etiopathogenesis of these complex disorders. Non-coding RNAs are the major contributor to the human transcriptome and are particularly abundant in the central nervous system, where they have been proposed to be involved in the onset and development of NDDs. Interestingly, some ncRNAs (such as lncRNAs, circRNAs and pseudogenes) share a common functionality in their ability to regulate gene expression by modulating miRNAs in a phenomenon known as the competing endogenous RNA mechanism. Moreover, ncRNAs are found in body fluids where their presence and concentration could serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers of NDDs. In this review, we summarize the ceRNA networks described in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinocerebellar ataxia type 7, and discuss their potential as biomarkers of these NDDs. Although numerous studies have been carried out, further research is needed to validate these complex interactions between RNAs and the alterations in RNA editing that could provide specific ceRNET profiles for neurodegenerative disorders, paving the way to a better understanding of these diseases

Fading Evaluation in the 60GHz Band in Line-of-Sight Conditions

An exhaustive analysis of the small-scale fading amplitude in the 60GHz band is addressed for line-of-sight conditions (LOS). From a measurement campaign carried out in a laboratory, we have estimated the distribution of the small-scale fading amplitude over a bandwidth of 9GHz. From the measured data, we have estimated the parameters of the Rayleigh, Rice, Nakagami-m, Weibull, and \alpha-\mu distributions for the small-scale amplitudes. The test of Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) for each frequency bin is used to evaluate the performance of such statistical distributions. Moreover, the distributions of the main estimated parameters for such distributions are calculated and approximated for lognormal statistics in some cases. The matching of the above distributions to the experimental distribution has also been analyzed for the lower tail of the cumulative distribution function (CDF).These parameters offer information about the narrowband channel behavior that is useful for a better knowledge of the propagation characteristics at 60GHz.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion TEC-2010-20841-C04-1 and by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, PAID 05-11 ref. 2702. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable remarks and suggestions which have considerably enriched the final paper.Reig, J.; Martínez Inglés, M.; Rubio Arjona, L.; Rodrigo Peñarrocha, VM.; Molina-García-Pardo, J. (2014). Fading Evaluation in the 60GHz Band in Line-of-Sight Conditions. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation. 2014:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/984102S1122014Smulders, P. (2002). Exploiting the 60 GHz band for local wireless multimedia access: prospects and future directions. IEEE Communications Magazine, 40(1), 140-147. doi:10.1109/35.978061Park, C., & Rappaport, T. (2007). Short-Range Wireless Communications for Next-Generation Networks: UWB, 60 GHz Millimeter-Wave WPAN, And ZigBee. IEEE Wireless Communications, 14(4), 70-78. doi:10.1109/mwc.2007.4300986Daniels, R. C., & Heath, R. W. (2007). 60 GHz wireless communications: Emerging requirements and design recommendations. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 2(3), 41-50. doi:10.1109/mvt.2008.915320Zwick, T., Beukema, T. J., & Haewoon Nam. (2005). Wideband channel sounder with measurements and model for the 60 GHz indoor radio channel. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 54(4), 1266-1277. doi:10.1109/tvt.2005.851354Shoji, Y., Sawada, H., Chang-Soon Choi, & Ogawa, H. (2009). A Modified SV-Model Suitable for Line-of-Sight Desktop Usage of Millimeter-Wave WPAN Systems. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 57(10), 2940-2948. doi:10.1109/tap.2009.2029286Hao Xu, Kukshya, V., & Rappaport, T. S. (2002). Spatial and temporal characteristics of 60-GHz indoor channels. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 20(3), 620-630. doi:10.1109/49.995521Anderson, C. R., & Rappaport, T. S. (2004). In-Building Wideband Partition Loss Measurements at 2.5 and 60 GHz. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 3(3), 922-928. doi:10.1109/twc.2004.826328Smulders, P. (2009). Statistical Characterization of 60-GHz Indoor Radio Channels. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 57(10), 2820-2829. doi:10.1109/tap.2009.2030524Thomas, H. J., Cole, R. S., & Siqueira, G. L. (1994). An experimental study of the propagation of 55 GHz millimeter waves in an urban mobile radio environment. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 43(1), 140-146. doi:10.1109/25.282274Kyro, M., Haneda, K., Simola, J., Takizawa, K., Hagiwara, H., & Vainikainen, P. (2012). Statistical Channel Models for 60 GHz Radio Propagation in Hospital Environments. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 60(3), 1569-1577. doi:10.1109/tap.2011.2180349Durgin, G. D., Rappaport, T. S., & de Wolf, D. A. (2002). New analytical models and probability density functions for fading in wireless communications. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 50(6), 1005-1015. doi:10.1109/tcomm.2002.1010620Yacoub, M. D. (2007). The κ-μ distribution and the η-μ distribution. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 49(1), 68-81. doi:10.1109/map.2007.370983Martinez-Ingles, M.-T., Sanchis-Borras, C., Molina-Garcia-Pardo, J.-M., Rodriguez, J.-V., & Juan-Llacer, L. (2013). Experimental Evaluation of an Indoor MIMO-OFDM System at 60 GHz Based on the IEEE802.15.3c Standard. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 12, 1562-1565. doi:10.1109/lawp.2013.2293275Koay, C. G., & Basser, P. J. (2006). Analytically exact correction scheme for signal extraction from noisy magnitude MR signals. Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 179(2), 317-322. doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2006.01.016Charash, U. (1979). Reception Through Nakagami Fading Multipath Channels with Random Delays. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 27(4), 657-670. doi:10.1109/tcom.1979.1094444Hashemi, H. (1993). The indoor radio propagation channel. Proceedings of the IEEE, 81(7), 943-968. doi:10.1109/5.231342Yacoub, M. D. (2007). The $\alpha$-$\mu$ Distribution: A Physical Fading Model for the Stacy Distribution. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 56(1), 27-34. doi:10.1109/tvt.2006.883753Coulson, A. J., Williamson, A. G., & Vaughan, R. G. (1998). Improved fading distribution for mobile radio. IEE Proceedings - Communications, 145(3), 197. doi:10.1049/ip-com:19981991Reig, J., & Rubio, L. (2011). On Simple Estimators of the α-μ Fading Distribution. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 59(12), 3254-3258. doi:10.1109/tcomm.2011.080111.09022

P67 195. Cirugía del tromboembolismo pulmonar masivo en el enfermo crítico

La extracción de los trombos pulmonares en el tromboembolismo pulmonar masivo antes de 1953 (operación de Trendelenburg) cosechó fracaso tras fracaso. Desde el advenimiento de la circulación extracorpórea (CEC) el porcentaje de éxito de esta operación mejoró notablemente, no habiendo dejado de aumentar hasta la actualidad, existiendo series que reflejan porcentajes de hasta el 94% de supervivencia inmediata, con 86 y 83% de supervivencia actuarial a 1 y 3años.Presentamos un caso de paciente varón de 35años sin enfermedad previa ni antecedentes familiares de enfermedad tromboembólica. Consulta por insuficiencia respiratoria, siendo diagnosticado por tomografía computarizada de tromboembolismo en AP izquierda, la cual ocluye. El ECO-Doppler de MMII descarta trombosis venosa profunda (TVP). Una nueva tomografía computarizada informa de persistencia de la obstrucción de AP izquierda y sus ramas, que parece haber aumentado. En ecocardiografía transtorácica (ETT) dilatación de cavidades derechas con función de ventrículo derecho (VD) normal y presión sistólica de la arteria pulmonar (PSAP) de 70 mmHg. Los estudios para investigar trombofilia fueron negativos.Tras unos días empeora su situación, produciéndose dos paradas cardiorrespiratorias, de las que es reanimado y tratado inmediatamente con TNK. La tomografía computarizada muestra la existencia de nuevo episodio de tromboembolismo pulmonar que afecta a la AP derecha gravemente.Es intervenido quirúrgicamente bajo CEC sin parada circulatoria, extrayéndose molde trombótico de tronco y ambas ramas de la AP. La evolución postoperatoria fue favorable. En tomografía computarizada de control se observan limpios el tronco y las ramas de la AP, con cierto compromiso en ramas subsegmentarias de la AP izquierda.Se muestran imágenes de la intervención y tomografía computarizada pre y posquirúrgicas

Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study

Dietary patterns (DPs) are known to be tied to lifestyle behaviors. Understanding DPs and their relationships with lifestyle factors can help to prevent children from engaging in unhealthy dietary practices. We aimed to describe DPs in Spanish children aged 1 to <10 years and to examine their associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The consumption of toddler and young children milk formulas, enriched and fortified milk within the Spanish pediatric population is increasing, and there is a lack of evidence whether the consumption of this type of milk is causing an impact on nutrient intakes and if they are helping to reach the nutrient recommendations. Within the Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI), we considered two study cohorts and three different age groups in three year-intervals in each of them. The study cohort included 740 children in a representative sample of the urban non-vegan Spanish population and 772 children in a convenience cohort of adapted milk consumers (AMS) (including follow-on formula, toddler’s milk, growing up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) who provided information about sociodemographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits; a food frequency questionnaire was used for the latter. Principal component analysis was performed to identify DPs from 18 food groups. Food groups and sociodemographic/lifestyle variables were combined through a hierarchical cluster algorithm. Three DPs predominated in every age group and study sample: a palatable energy-dense food dietary pattern, and two Mediterranean-like DPs. However, children from the AMS showed a predominant dietary pattern markedly related to the Mediterranean diet, with high consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables, as well as milk and dairy products. The age of children and certain lifestyle factors, namely level of physical activity, parental education, and household income, correlated closely with the dietary clusters. Thus, the findings provide insight into designing lifestyle interventions that could reverse the appearance of unhealthy DPs in the Spanish child population

Morphofunctional and Molecular Assessment of Nutritional Status in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Systemic Treatment: Role of Inflammasome in Clinical Nutrition

Malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer is frequent, multifactorial and widely associated with clinical evolution and prognosis. Accurate nutritional assessments allow for early identification of patients at risk of malnutrition in order to start nutritional support and prevent sarcopenia. We aimed to perform a novel morphofunctional nutritional evaluation and explore changes in inflammasome-machinery components in 45 patients with head and neck cancer who are undergoing systemic treatment. To this aim, an epidemiological/clinical/anthropometric/biochemical evaluation was performed. Serum RCP, IL6 and molecular expression of inflammasome-components and inflammatory-associated factors (NOD-like-receptors, inflammasome-activation-components, cytokines and inflammation/apoptosis-related components, cell-cycle and DNA-damage regulators) were evaluated in peripheral-blood mononuclear-cells (PBMCs). Clinical-molecular correlations/associations were analyzed. Coherent and complementary information was obtained in the morphofunctional nutritional assessment of the patients when bioimpedance, anthropometric and ultrasound data were analyzed. These factors were also correlated with different biochemical and molecular parameters, revealing the complementary aspect of the whole evaluation. Serum reactive C protein (RCP) and IL6 were the most reliable parameters for determining patients with decreased standardized phase angle, which is associated with increased mortality in patients with solid malignancies. Several inflammasome-components were dysregulated in patients with malnutrition, decreased phase angle and dependency grade or increased circulating inflammation markers. A molecular fingerprint based on gene-expression of certain inflammasome factors (p27/CCL2/ASC) in PBMCs accurately differentiated patients with and without malnutrition. In conclusion, malnutrition induces a profound alteration in the gene-expression pattern of inflammasome-machinery components in PBMCs. A comprehensive nutritional assessment including novel morphofunctional techniques and molecular markers allows a broad characterization of the nutritional status in cancer patients. Profile of certain inflammasome-components should be further studied as potential targets for nutrition-focused treatment strategies in cancer patients

Pathogenesis of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Molecular Update and Systematic Review.

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a rare but aggressive neoplasm with dual pathogenesis (human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated and HPV-independent). The development of targeted treatment is hindered by poor knowledge of the molecular landscape of PSCC. We performed a thorough review of genetic alterations of PSCC focused on somatic mutations and/or copy number alterations. A total of seven articles have been identified which, overall, include 268 PSCC. However, the series are heterogeneous regarding methodologies employed for DNA sequencing and HPV detection together with HPV prevalence, and include, in general, a limited number of cases, which results in markedly different findings. Reported top-ranked mutations involve TP53, CDKN2A, FAT1, NOTCH-1 and PIK3CA. Numerical alterations involve gains in MYC and EGFR, as well as amplifications in HPV integration loci. A few genes including TP53, CDKN2A, PIK3CA and CCND1 harbor both somatic mutations and copy number alterations. Notch, RTK-RAS and Hippo pathways are frequently deregulated. Nevertheless, the relevance of the identified alterations, their role in signaling pathways or their association with HPV status remain elusive. Combined targeting of different pathways might represent a valid therapeutic approach in PSCC. This work calls for large-scale sequencing studies with robust HPV testing to improve the genomic understanding of PSCC

Efficacy and safety of preoperative preparation with Lugol''s iodine solution in euthyroid patients with Graves’ disease (LIGRADIS Trial): Study protocol for a multicenter randomized trial

Background: Currently, both the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association recommend preoperative preparation with Lugol''s Solution (LS) for patients undergoing thyroidectomy for Graves’ Disease (GD), but their recommendations are based on low-quality evidence. The LIGRADIS trial aims to provide evidence either to support or refute the systematic use of LS in euthyroid patients undergoing thyroidectomy for GD. Methods: A multicenter randomized controlled trial will be performed. Patients =18 years of age, diagnosed with GD, treated with antithyroid drugs, euthyroid and proposed for total thyroidectomy will be eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria will be prior thyroid or parathyroid surgery, hyperparathyroidism that requires associated parathyroidectomy, thyroid cancer that requires adding a lymph node dissection, iodine allergy, consumption of lithium or amiodarone, medically unfit patients (ASA-IV), breastfeeding women, preoperative vocal cord palsy and planned endoscopic, video-assisted or remote access surgery. Between January 2020 and January 2022, 270 patients will be randomized for either receiving or not preoperative preparation with LS. Researchers will be blinded to treatment assignment. The primary outcome will be the rate of postoperative complications: hypoparathyroidism, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, hematoma, surgical site infection or death. Secondary outcomes will be intraoperative events (Thyroidectomy Difficulty Scale score, blood loss, recurrent laryngeal nerve neuromonitoring signal loss), operative time, postoperative length of stay, hospital readmissions, permanent complications and adverse events associated to LS. Conclusions: There is no conclusive evidence supporting the benefits of preoperative treatment with LS in this setting. This trial aims to provide new insights into future Clinical Practice Guidelines recommendations. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03980132. © 202