Influence of the medical and social characteristics of patients on the assessment of the effectiveness of treatment

The article examines the influence of the characteristics of the medical and social characteristics of surgical patients on their assessment of the effectiveness of treatment in a hospital. The study was conducted on the basis of Mariinskaya City Hospital by random sampling by questioning 100 patients undergoing treatment at surgical departments. It has been established that patients with surgical pathology undergoing inpatient treatment represent a special social group that has conditions and lifestyle characteristics that have a positive impact on their evaluation of the treatment. Patients highly appreciate the effectiveness of treatment in surgical departments

Sequential and counter-selectable cassettes for fission yeast

BACKGROUND: Fission yeast is one of the most commonly used model organisms for studying genetics. For selection of desirable genotypes, antibiotic resistance cassettes are widely integrated into the genome near genes of interest. In yeasts, this is achieved by PCR amplification of the cassette flanked by short homology sequences, which can be incorporated by homology directed repair. However, the currently available cassettes all share the same tef promoter and terminator sequences. It can therefore be challenging to perform multiple genetic modifications by PCR-based targeting, as existing resistance cassettes in strains can be favored for recombination due to shared homology between the cassettes. RESULTS: Here we have generated new selection cassettes that do not recombine with those traditionally used. We achieved this by swapping the tef promoter and terminator sequences in the established antibiotic resistance MX6 cassette series for alternative promoters and/or terminators. The newly created selection cassettes did not recombine with the tef-containing MX6 cassettes already present in the genome, allowing for sequential gene targeting using the PCR-based method. In addition, we have generated a series of plasmids to facilitate the C-terminal tagging of genes with desired epitopes. We also utilized the anti-selection gene HSV-TK, which results in cell death in strains grown on the drug 5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdU, Floxuridin or FUDR). By fusing an antibiotic resistance gene to HSV-TK, we were able to select on the relevant antibiotic as well as counter-select on FdU media to confirm the desired genomic modification had been made. We noted that the efficiency of the counter selection by FdU was enhanced by treatment with hydroxyurea. However, a number of DNA replication checkpoint and homologous recombination mutants, including rad3∆, cds1∆, rad54∆ and rad55∆, exhibited sensitivity to FdU even though those strains did not carry the HSV-TK gene. To remove counter-selectable markers, we introduced the Cre-loxP irreversible recombination method. Finally, utilizing the negative selectable markers, we showed efficient induction of point mutations in an endogenous gene by a two-step transformation method. CONCLUSIONS: The plasmid constructs and techniques described here are invaluable tools for sequential gene targeting and will simplify construction of fission yeast strains required for study

Atrial Fibrillation Triggers in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Subclinical Thyrotoxicosis

We examined 202 patients with paroxysms of symptomatic and asymptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF), some of whom suffered from coronary artery disease (CAD) andsubclinical thyrotoxicosis (ST). Healthy individuals acted as a comparison group. It was revealed that in all studied groups, extrasystoles and paroxysms of reciprocal atrioventricular orthodortic and nodal tachycardia was the role of the triggering factors of AF. In patients with ST without CAD and in healthy persons, the paroxysms of tachycardia are short and unstable. When CAD combined with ST, the number of extrasystoles and AF paroxysms is significantly higher than only in ST and in healthy individuals. It was found that in patients with asymptomatic AF the total number of extrasystoles and paroxysms of tachycardia is greater than in the case of symptomatic. Thus, the identification of concomitant subclinical thyrotoxicosis in a patient with CAD should alert the clinician to the development and progression of atrial fibrillation. It should be given great attention to screening thyroid pathology in patients with CAD. Keywords: atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, subclinical thyrotoxicosis

Asymptomatic Lone Atrial Fibrillation in Pregnant Women

We examined 43 pregnant women with paroxysms of asymptomatic lone atrial fibrillation. It was revealed that the increasing of the gestational age leads to increase of number of single, paired and group supraventricular extrasystoles; single and paired ventricular extrasystoles; number and duration of paroxysms of atrial fibrillation. However, the number of extrasystoles and paroxysms of arrhythmia decreased to baseline values after delivery. Thus, it was proved that pregnancy contributes to the increase of paroxysms of lone atrial fibrillation due to the increased influence of modulating components on the triggering extrasystoles. The importance of the method of 24-hour ECG monitoring in the detection of arrhythmia in pregnant women is emphasized. Keywords: lone atrial fibrillation, extrasystole, pregnancy

Analysis of radiation effects on chicken eggs and meat irradiated by nanosecond electron beams

Chicken and eggs are considered the most common product in the world. Microorganisms on the surface and inside these food products reduce the shelf life and may be the causative agents of the disease among consumers. To solve this problem various methods of thermal and chemical treatment are used, which have several disadvantages. Radiation processing is a modern method of suppressing contamination of bacteria and increasing the shelf life of food products. Unfortunately, this technology has a negative effect on the physico-chemical and organoleptic properties of the product. Therefore, for food and hatching eggs the dose level is limited about 3 kGy. However to solve this problem it is possible to use a low-energy electron beam. This approach allows irradiating with a disinfecting dose only the surface and a shallow depth of products. Experiments on the irradiation of chicken meat and eggs were carried out at the accelerators URT-0.5 and URT-1. Studying the effect of irradiation with a nanosecond electron beam (NEB) on edible chicken eggs showed no significant changes in the eggs structure and physico-chemical properties. This is primarily due to the low depth of electron penetration. Therefore, most of the product is not irradiated by electrons. Thus, irradiation using the URT accelerators will reduce the main problem of the food radiation technology. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 16-16-04038Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 16-16-04038. The authors would like to thank Balezin M.E for irradiation the samples

LARP7 family proteins have conserved function in telomerase assembly

Understanding the intricacies of telomerase regulation is crucial due to the potential health benefits of modifying its activity. Telomerase is composed of an RNA component and reverse transcriptase. However, additional factors required during biogenesis vary between species. Here we have identified fission yeast Lar7 as a member of the conserved LARP7 family, which includes the Tetrahymena telomerase-binding protein p65 and human LARP7. We show that Lar7 has conserved RNA-recognition motifs, which bind telomerase RNA to protect it from exosomal degradation. In addition, Lar7 is required to stabilise the association of telomerase RNA with the protective complex LSm2-8, and telomerase reverse transcriptase. Lar7 remains a component of the mature telomerase complex and is required for telomerase localisation to the telomere. Collectively, we demonstrate that Lar7 is a crucial player in fission yeast telomerase biogenesis, similarly to p65 in Tetrahymena, and highlight the LARP7 family as a conserved factor in telomere maintenance

Telomere protein Rap1 is a charge resistant scaffolding protein in chromosomal bouquet formation

© 2015 Amelina et al. Background: Chromosomes reorganize in early meiotic prophase to form the so-called telomere bouquet. In fission yeast, telomeres localize to the nuclear periphery via interaction of the telomeric protein Rap1 with the membrane protein Bqt4. During meiotic prophase, the meiotic proteins Bqt1-2 bind Rap1 and tether to the spindle pole body to form the bouquet. Although it is known that this polarized chromosomal arrangement plays a crucial role in meiotic progression, the molecular mechanisms of telomere bouquet regulation are poorly understood. Results: Here, we detected high levels of Rap1 phospho-modification throughout meiotic prophase, and identified a maximum of 35 phosphorylation sites. Concomitant phosphomimetic mutation of the modification sites suggests that Rap1 hyper-phosphorylation does not directly regulate telomere bouquet formation or dissociation. Despite the negative charge conferred by its highly phosphorylated state, Rap1 maintains interactions with its binding partners. Interestingly, mutations that change the charge of negatively charged residues within the Bqt1-2 binding site of Rap1 abolished the affinity to the Bqt1-2 complex, suggesting that the intrinsic negative charge of Rap1 is crucial for telomere bouquet formation. Conclusions: Whereas Rap1 hyper-phosphorylation observed in meiotic prophase does not have an apparent role in bouquet formation, the intrinsic negative charge of Rap1 is important for forming interactions with its binding partners. Thus, Rap1 is able to retain bouquet formation under heavily phosphorylated status.This work is supported mainly by the European Research Council (281722-HRMCB) and partly by Cancer Research UK (C36439/A12097) and the Cancer Research UK - UCL Centre

Youth and Choice of Profession

The article discusses the main motives that influence the choice of profession of modern youth. The problems that arise at the stage of choosing a future profession are analyzed. The main ways of obtaining primary information about future professional activity, its advantages in relation to other professions are highlighted. In order to study the stated issue, we conducted a sociological survey in the Rostov region, the village of Matveev Kurgan in the MBOU Matveevo-Kurgan secondary school No. 1.В статье рассматриваются основные мотивы, влияющие на выбор профессии современной молодёжи. Анализируются проблемы, возникающие на этапе выбора будущей профессии. Освещаются основные пути получения первичной информации о будущей профессиональной деятельности, ее преимуществах по отношению к другим профессиям. С целью изучения заявленного вопроса, нами был проведён социологический опрос в Ростовской области посёлке Матвеев Курган в МБОУ Матвеево-курганская СОШ № 1

The dual parametrization for gluon GPDs

We consider the application of the dual parametrization for the case of gluon GPDs in the nucleon. This provides opportunities for the more flexible modeling unpolarized gluon GPDs in a nucleon which in particular contain the invaluable information on the fraction of nucleon spin carried by gluons. We perform the generalization of Abel transform tomography approach for the case of gluons. We also discuss the skewness effect in the framework of the dual parametrization. We strongly suggest to employ the fitting strategies based on the dual parametrization to extract the information on GPDs from the experimental data.Comment: 37 pages, 2 figure

Результаты самооценки здоровья детей школьного возраста, проживающих в сельской местности

The objective was to assess the health status of school-age children living in rural areas.Material and methods. The study was carried out by the method of the main array by anonymous questioning of 106 schoolchildren of grades 7–11 at the age of 12–17 years, trained in the municipal general education institution «Secondary School № 1» in the city Dno of the Pskov Region. The information obtained from Form № 026/y-2000 was used for an objective assessment.Results. We determined that 52.8 % of the children who studied at the rural school in grades 7–11 were girls whose average age was (14.72±0.2) years, brought up in a full family (69.8 %) with two children (48.2 %), with a good financial situation (52.9 %). Studying self-esteem of schoolchildren’s health showed that the average score set by children was (3.86±0.08). Girls are worse than boys, they evaluate their health. The study of the frequency of acute diseases in children and the number of days missed by them due to disease during the school year showed that the average number of diseases was (1.61±0.19) times, the number of missed days was (7.9±0.76) days. We found out that only 18.8 % of children did not go to school when they were sick. 63.2 % of children were engaged in sports, while 30.2 % were engaged in sports regularly. All 100.0 % of boys were more or less engaged in sports, among them 64.0 % of schoolchildren were regularly engaged in sports. Among girls, no one was regularly engaged in sports, 30.4 % was irregularly engaged in sports. Studying the attitude of schoolchildren to smoking and drinking alcoholic drinks showed that 8.5 % of schoolchildren smoked regularly, 15.1 % of schoolchildren drank low-alcohol drinks from time to time, 18.9 % – wine, and 4.7 % of schoolchildren – strong spirits. According to medical records, more than half of schoolchildren had disharmonious physical development (55.8 %). The estimation of the distribution of children by health groups showd that among schoolchildren the proportion of children of group I was 21.4 %, group II – 59.1 %, group III – 17.7 %, group IV – 1.8 %, groups V – 0 %.Conclusion. Indicators of self-assessment of schoolchildren’s health and the proportion of children involved in sports in the Pskov Region were lower than on the average in the Russian Federation. The health level of schoolchildren living in rural areas was lower than the average Russian indicators.Введение. В настоящее время наблюдается снижение уровня здоровья детского населения, в том числе проживающего в сельской местности. Это связано с воздействием разнообразных факторов риска на формирующийся организм ребенка.Цель – оценка состояния здоровья детей школьного возраста, проживающих в сельской местности.Материал и методы. Исследование проводилось методом основного массива путем анонимного анкетирования 106 школьников 7–11 классов в возрасте 12–17 лет, обучающихся в МОУ «Средняя общеобразовательная школа № 1» г. Дно Псковской области. Для объективной оценки были использованы сведения, полученные из Формы № 026/у-2000. Результаты. Установлено, что 52,8 % детей, обучавшихся в сельской школе в 7–11 классах, составили девочки, средний возраст которых – (14,72±0,2) года, воспитывающиеся в полной семье (69,8 %) с 2 детьми (48,2 %), с хорошим материальным положением (52,9 %). Изучение самооценки здоровья школьников показало, что средний балл, поставленный детьми, составил (3,86±0,08). Девочки хуже, чем мальчики, оценивают свое здоровье. Изучение частоты острых заболеваний у детей и числа дней, пропущенных ими по болезни в течение учебного года, показало, что в среднем число заболеваний составляет (1,61±0,19) раза, число пропущенных дней – (7,9±0,76). Установлено, что только 18,8 % детей не посещают школу, когда болеет. Спортом занимаются 63,2 % детей, при этом 30,2 % занимаются регулярно. Все 100,0 % мальчиков в той или иной степени занимаются спортом, из них регулярно – 64,0 % школьников. Среди девочек никто не занимается спортом регулярно, 30,4 % – нерегулярно. Изучение отношения учеников к курению и употреблению спиртных напитков показало, что курят регулярно 8,5 % обучающихся, время от времени употребляют слабоалкогольные напитки 15,1 % школьников, вино – 18,9 %, а крепкие спиртные напитки – 4,7 % детей. По данным медицинской документации, более половины школьников имеют дисгармоничное физическое развитие (55,8 %). Оценка распределения детей по группам здоровья показывает, что среди школьников удельный вес детей I группы здоровья составляет 21,4 %, II группы здоровья – 59,1 %, III группы здоровья – 17,7 %, IV группы здоровья – 1,8 %, V группы здоровья – 0 %. Выводы. Показатели самооценки здоровья школьников и удельного веса детей, занимающихся спортом в Псковской области, ниже, чем в среднем по Российской Федерации. Уровень здоровья школьников, проживающих в сельской местности, ниже среднероссийских показателей