958 research outputs found
International aspects of the Russian Federation responsibility for the breaking of constitutional human rights and liberties
Russia on international liability for violation of constitutional rights and freedomsВоронцова, Ю.А.Хорошко, Е.Ю.Навроцкая, И.Н
The Proto-neutron Star Phase of the Collapsar Model and the Route to Long-soft Gamma-ray Bursts and Hypernovae
Recent stellar evolutionary calculations of low-metallicity massive
fast-rotating main-sequence stars yield iron cores at collapse endowed with
high angular momentum. It is thought that high angular momentum and black hole
formation are critical ingredients of the collapsar model of long-soft
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here, we present 2D multi-group,
flux-limited-diffusion MHD simulations of the collapse, bounce, and immediate
post-bounce phases of a 35-Msun collapsar-candidate model of Woosley & Heger.
We find that, provided the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) operates in the
differentially-rotating surface layers of the millisecond-period neutron star,
a magnetically-driven explosion ensues during the proto-neutron star phase, in
the form of a baryon-loaded non-relativistic jet, and that a black hole,
central to the collapsar model, does not form. Paradoxically, and although much
uncertainty surrounds stellar mass loss, angular momentum transport, magnetic
fields, and the MRI, current models of chemically homogeneous evolution at low
metallicity yield massive stars with iron cores that may have too much angular
momentum to avoid a magnetically-driven, hypernova-like, explosion in the
immediate post-bounce phase. We surmise that fast rotation in the iron core may
inhibit, rather than enable, collapsar formation, which requires a large
angular momentum not in the core but above it. Variations in the angular
momentum distribution of massive stars at core collapse might explain both the
diversity of Type Ic supernovae/hypernovae and their possible association with
a GRB. A corollary might be that, rather than the progenitor mass, the angular
momentum distribution, through its effect on magnetic field amplification,
distinguishes these outcomes.Comment: 5 pages, 1 table, 2 figures, accepted to ApJ
Innovations in foreign (chinese) students’ grammar competence formation while training them russian as a foreign language: network technology and the module approach
The article deals with the researches in the field of finding new methods of teaching Russian to foreign (Chinese) students and its Grammar aspect, in particular. In this connection the authors share the results of the investigation dealt with the development of one of the most future-oriented approaches in methods of training the Russian Grammar standards which may be called the Module Approach realized by means of Network Technologie
A Two-Dimensional MagnetoHydrodynamics Scheme for General Unstructured Grids
We report a new finite-difference scheme for two-dimensional
magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations, with and without rotation, in
unstructured grids with quadrilateral cells. The new scheme is implemented
within the code VULCAN/2D, which already includes radiation-hydrodynamics in
various approximations and can be used with arbitrarily moving meshes (ALE).
The MHD scheme, which consists of cell-centered magnetic field variables,
preserves the nodal finite difference representation of div(\bB) by
construction, and therefore any initially divergence-free field remains
divergence-free through the simulation. In this paper, we describe the new
scheme in detail and present comparisons of VULCAN/2D results with those of the
code ZEUS/2D for several one-dimensional and two-dimensional test problems. The
code now enables two-dimensional simulations of the collapse and explosion of
the rotating, magnetic cores of massive stars. Moreover, it can be used to
simulate the very wide variety of astrophysical problems for which multi-D
radiation-magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD) is relevant.Comment: 22 pages, including 11 figures; Accepted to the Astrophysical
Journal. Higher resolution figures available at
http://zenith.as.arizona.edu/~burrows/mhd-code
Leadership as a Control Method in the Period of Changes
The article provides an overview of the conceptual understanding of leadership in social management development. Authors differentiate between leadership comprehensions. Particular attention has been paid to value-based theories and modern 21st century leadership models, where the world is understood as dynamic, constantly changing and risky. Leadership is considered as a process of effective modern organization management
Problemas de gestión empresarial en la actual situación de crisis
El documento examina los problemas que enfrentan las empresas en el sector real de la economía. Estos problemas no son nuevos; se han debatido en la comunidad científica durante una década,pero en la realidad actual, cuando toda la economía mundial vive en una pandemia, estos problemas se han agravado y requieren un enfoque serio y equilibrado para su solución. Todas las crisis económicas se reflejan principalmente en la actividad inversora. Por eso es necesario resaltar la seguridad económica en el campo de asegurar la efectividad de las inversiones presupuestarias. Es en esta área donde se observan la mayor parte de las violaciones y, en ocasiones, los delitos en el área financiera y de inversión de las relaciones de todos los participantes en los procesos comerciales de la economía. En términos metodológicos generales, el artículo fundamenta y revela una propuesta de organización de un sistema de análisis indicativo y regulación de los volúmenes de producción y actividades productivas y económicas de las empresas y organizaciones del sector real de la economía, como herramienta organizativa para resolver situaciones de crisis en la economía. Se abordan los factores, tanto externos como internos, que causaron el actual estado insatisfactorio de la economía rusa. En un plan concreto, se presentan las propuestas del autor sobre las direcciones y formas de superar los fenómenos de crisis actuales en la economía rus
Linguistic Characterization of Text on Environmental Topics
The article discusses the structural and semantic features of a regional newspaper text on environmental topics. The material contains 30 texts from the socio-political newspaper “Rech” of the city of Cherepovets, Vologda Oblast, published during 2017 - the Year of Ecology in Russia. It is shown that the newspaper text on environmental topics has the structure of an inverted pyramid, when important information is presented at the beginning of the article, and detailing is presented in the second part; the photographs accompanying the texts have a different visual-grammatical structure and can be interpreted as one-part and two-part sentences. In the semantic aspect, it is revealed that a larger number of contextual synonymous pairs than sets are formed; gradual antonyms are used; lexical units are included that fix the anthropocentric model of the interaction of man and nature. It is identified that there is a two-way interaction between the environmental event and the text: the event is the basis for creating the text, and vice versa, a newspaper text covering an environmental problem may precede one event or another. It is indicated that the newspaper text on environmental topics is characterized by a homogeneous presentation of the material, anthropocentricity and polyphonicity; softening the presentation of problematic information is achieved through the use of literary synonyms, gradual antonyms and relevant illustrations
Features of the Acoustic Mechanism of Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
In the context of 2D, axisymmetric, multi-group, radiation/hydrodynamic
simulations of core-collapse supernovae over the full 180 domain, we
present an exploration of the progenitor dependence of the acoustic mechanism
of explosion. All progenitor models we have tested with our Newtonian code
explode. We investigate the roles of the Standing-Accretion-Shock-Instability
(SASI), the excitation of core g-modes, the generation of core acoustic power,
the ejection of matter with r-process potential, the wind-like character of the
explosion, and the fundamental anisotropy of the blasts. We find that the
breaking of spherical symmetry is central to the supernova phenomenon and the
blasts, when top-bottom asymmetric, are self-collimating. We see indications
that the initial explosion energies are larger for the more massive
progenitors, and smaller for the less massive progenitors, and that the
neutrino contribution to the explosion energy may be an increasing function of
progenitor mass. The degree of explosion asymmetry we obtain is completely
consistent with that inferred from the polarization measurements of Type Ic
supernovae. Furthermore, we calculate for the first time the magnitude and sign
of the net impulse on the core due to anisotropic neutrino emission and suggest
that hydrodynamic and neutrino recoils in the context of our asymmetric
explosions afford a natural mechanism for observed pulsar proper motions.
[abridged]Comment: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal, 23 pages in emulateapj format,
including 12 figure
Problemas de gestión empresarial en la actual situación de crisis
The paper examines the problems faced by enterprises in the real sector of the economy. These problems are not new; they have been discussed in the scientific community for a decade, but in today's realities, when the entire world economy lives in a pandemic, these problems have become aggravated and require a serious, balanced approach to their solution. All economic crises are primarily reflected in investment activity. That is why it is necessary to highlight economic security to ensure the effectiveness of budget investments. In this area, the bulk of violations and sometimes crimes are observed in the financial and investment area of relations of all participants in business processes in the economy. In general methodological terms, the article substantiates and reveals a proposal for organizing a system of indicative analysis and regulation of production volumes and production and economic activities of enterprises and organizations of the real sector of the economy as an organizational tool for resolving crisis situations in the economy. Both external and internal factors are touched upon, which caused the current unsatisfactory state of the Russian economy. In a concrete plan, the author's proposals on the directions and ways of overcoming the current crisis phenomena in the Russian economy are presented.El documento examina los problemas que enfrentan las empresas en el sector real de la economía. Estos problemas no son nuevos; se han debatido en la comunidad científica durante una década, pero en la realidad actual, cuando toda la economía mundial vive en una pandemia, estos problemas se han agravado y requieren un enfoque serio y equilibrado para su solución. Todas las crisis económicas se reflejan principalmente en la actividad inversora. Por eso es necesario resaltar la seguridad económica en el campo de asegurar la efectividad de las inversiones presupuestarias. Es en esta área donde se observan la mayor parte de las violaciones y, en ocasiones, los delitos en el área financiera y de inversión de las relaciones de todos los participantes en los procesos comerciales de la economía. En términos metodológicos generales, el artículo fundamenta y revela una propuesta de organización de un sistema de análisis indicativo y regulación de los volúmenes de producción y actividades productivas y económicas de las empresas y organizaciones del sector real de la economía, como herramienta organizativa para resolver situaciones de crisis en la economía. Se abordan los factores, tanto externos como internos, que causaron el actual estado insatisfactorio de la economía rusa. En un plan concreto, se presentan las propuestas del autor sobre las direcciones y formas de superar los fenómenos de crisis actuales en la economía rusa
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