Prévenir les troubles musculosquelettiques chez les soignants : connaître les expositions et étude des outils d’aide à la manutention

ObjectifsDans le cadre de la Caisse nationale de retaite des agents des collectivités locales (CNRACL), la démarche d’évaluation et de prévention des risques vise à conduire à une démarche spécifique au milieu hospitalier et à construire des outils d’évaluation des risques dans le réseau des CHU français. Les études menées sur la prévention des troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) associent principalement les compétences en ergonomie, épidémiologie et médecine du travail des CHU d’Angers et de Grenoble. Méthode Une première étude épidémiologique a permis d’identifier les facteurs de risque de TMS et de lombalgie en milieu hospitalier ; une seconde s’est intéressée à l’évaluation des outils d’aide à la manutention des patients en milieu de soins sous un angle ergonomique. Résultats Les salariés du secteur santé sont en moyenne exposés à 2,4 facteurs de risque des 19 répertoriés (3,5 pour le reste du réseau) et ne souffrent pas plus de TMS des membres supérieurs que les autres salariés de la région des Pays-de-la-Loire. En revanche, les expositions aux manutentions manuelles de charges lourdes liées aux soins aux patients sont plus fréquentes. Les aides techniques pour la manutention étudiées ne répondent pas aux critères de dépendance du patient ou aux conditions organisationnelles du service. Du point de vue psychologique, le rapport du patient au matériel ainsi que l’usage du corps du soignant dans la relation aux soins doivent être pris en compte. Conclusion L’approche biomécanique a fait l’objet de cette première investigation. Il s’agit d’une démarche de prévention pluridisciplinaire intégrée dans la politique d’établissement

Structural basis of glucocorticoid receptor signaling bias

Dissociation between the healthy and toxic effects of cortisol, a major stress-responding hormone has been a widely used strategy to develop anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids with fewer side effects. Such strategy falls short when treating brain disorders as timing and activity state within large-scale neuronal networks determine the physiological and behavioral specificity of cortisol response. Advances in structural molecular dynamics posit the bases for engineering glucocorticoids with precision bias for select downstream signaling pathways. Design of allosteric and/or cooperative control for the glucocorticoid receptor could help promote the beneficial and reduce the deleterious effects of cortisol on brain and behavior in disease conditions.Metabolic health: pathophysiological trajectories and therap

Structural basis of glucocorticoid receptor signaling bias

Dissociation between the healthy and toxic effects of cortisol, a major stress-responding hormone has been a widely used strategy to develop anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids with fewer side effects. Such strategy falls short when treating brain disorders as timing and activity state within large-scale neuronal networks determine the physiological and behavioral specificity of cortisol response. Advances in structural molecular dynamics posit the bases for engineering glucocorticoids with precision bias for select downstream signaling pathways. Design of allosteric and/or cooperative control for the glucocorticoid receptor could help promote the beneficial and reduce the deleterious effects of cortisol on brain and behavior in disease conditions

Instruments de manutention des malades, usage du corps et appropriation des gestes collectifs des soignants

International audienc

Cortisol-binding globulin and meat quality in five European lines of pigs

The gene (Cbg) encoding cortisol-binding globulin (CBG) has been proposed as a candidate gene to explain genetic variation in cortisol secretion and carcass composition in pigs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between CBG and pork quality in 5 European breeding lines, Pietrain, Large White (LW), and Landrace purebred lines, a Duroc synthetic line, and a Meishan (MS) x LW advanced intercross. Cortisol-binding globulin maximum binding capacity (CBG-Bmax) was twice as high (P or = 0.364) association between CBG-Bmax and carcass quality traits in Pietrain gilts, but CBG-Bmax was associated with increased loin yields in LW (P = 0.010) and Landrace (P = 0.103) gilts, decreased ham yields (P = 0.082) in Duroc gilts, and increased fat depth (P = 0.064) and leaf fat (P = 0.001) in MS x LW gilts. There was no association between CBG-Bmax and pork quality traits in Pietrain (P > or = 0.269) and Duroc (P > or = 0.114) gilts. Conversely, CBG-Bmax was associated with lighter (higher L* values; P <0.05) pork in Land-race gilts, as well as lower (P <or = 0.055) ultimate pH in the LM and semimembranosus, and a tendency for lower (P = 0.095) L* values of pork from LW gilts. Within MS x LW pigs, CBG-Bmax was associated with increased drip loss (P = 0.001) and decreased i.m. fat in the semimembranosus (P = 0.005). Because drip loss is an economically important pork quality trait, results of this study could be used in the selection of improved water-holding capacity of pork from synthetic lines involving the MS breed

Spring phytoplankton onset after the ice break-up and sea-ice signature (Adélie Land, East Antarctica)

The phytoplankton onset following the spring ice break-up in Adélie Land, East Antarctica, was studied along a short transect, from 400 m off the continent to 5 km offshore, during the austral summer of 2002. Eight days after the ice break-up, some large colonial and solitary diatom cells, known to be associated with land-fast ice and present in downward fluxes, were unable to adapt in ice-free waters, while some other solitary and short-colony forming taxa (e.g., Fragilariopsis curta, F. cylindrus) did develop. Pelagic species were becoming more abundant offshore, replacing the typical sympagic (ice-associated) taxa. Archaeomonad cysts, usually associated with sea ice, were recorded in the surface waters nearshore. Rough weather restricted the data set, but we were able to confirm that some microalgae may be reliable sea-ice indicators and that seeding by sea ice only concerns a few taxa in this coastal area of East Antarctica. Keywords: Ice break-up; phytoplankton; sea-ice signature; East Antarctica (Published: 10 January 2011) Citation: Polar Research 2011, 30, 5910, doi: 10.3402/polar.v30i0.591

A Study of muon pair production and evidence for tau pair production in photon-photon collisions at LEP

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