The Effects of Using English Captions on Iranian Intermediate EFL Students Learning of Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs are regularly used in spoken English. Because of the difficulties experienced by Iranian EFL students in learning phrasal verbs (Khatib & Ghannadi, 2011), the present study intended to examine the effects of using English captions on Iranian EFL learners’ learning of phrasal verbs in terms of recognition and production. A language proficiency test was managed to 68 EFL learners, among whom 60 intermediate learners were chosen as the participants of the study. They were randomly assigned into two groups: control group and experimental group. Prior to giving any instruction, the researcher administered a pre-test. Then, students in the experimental group watched video clip with captions whereas learners in the control group received video clips without captions. To compare improvement between and within each group t-test analyses were conducted. The result of the study indicated that the learners in the experimental group outperformed those of control group in their writing performance. So, watching English captioned movies affects student’s phrasal verb knowledge

The Effect of the Impact of Health Promoting Program on Environmental Indicators in Elementary Schools of Tabriz in Academic Year 2013-2014

Health promoting program take steps in eight levels toward improving school standards and 64 indicators are investigated in this program in schools. Based on the importance of environment and training of environmental issues since childhood, in this program seven environmental indicators in schools are mentioned. The impact of this program on environmental indicators is important for decision making. Method: this study was conducted as case-control among 128 schools. Data collection instrument was a 30-questions checklist that was completed by Environmental health experts in schools. The results indicated that there is no significant relationship between the indicators of green space, drinking water, toilet and bathroom, using clean fuels (for heating), conserving in uses of paper and conserving in uses of energy (power utilities e.g. electricity, water, fuel) in health promoting schools and non-promoting schools . There is a significant relationship between the indicators of location and space of school in terms of being away from environmental pollutants, sewage disposal system, collecting and disposal of solid waste in health promoting schools and non-promoting schools. Since the health promoting program is running aimed at improving the health and environmental indicators, it does not have the appropriate mechanism for raising infrastructural standards and environmental structures in schools

The Effect of the Impact of Health Promoting Program on Environmental Indicators in Elementary Schools of Tabriz in Academic Year 2013-2014

Health promoting program take steps in eight levels toward improving school standards and 64 indicators are investigated in this program in schools. Based on the importance of environment and training of environmental issues since childhood, in this program seven environmental indicators in schools are mentioned. The impact of this program on environmental indicators is important for decision making. Method: this study was conducted as case-control among 128 schools. Data collection instrument was a 30-questions checklist that was completed by Environmental health experts in schools. The results indicated that there is no significant relationship between the indicators of green space, drinking water, toilet and bathroom, using clean fuels (for heating), conserving in uses of paper and conserving in uses of energy (power utilities e.g. electricity, water, fuel) in health promoting schools and non-promoting schools . There is a significant relationship between the indicators of location and space of school in terms of being away from environmental pollutants, sewage disposal system, collecting and disposal of solid waste in health promoting schools and non-promoting schools. Since the health promoting program is running aimed at improving the health and environmental indicators, it does not have the appropriate mechanism for raising infrastructural standards and environmental structures in schools

The Effect of the Impact of Health Promoting Program on Environmental Indicators in Elementary Schools of Tabriz in Academic Year 2013-2014

Health promoting program take steps in eight levels toward improving school standards and 64 indicators are investigated in this program in schools. Based on the importance of environment and training of environmental issues since childhood, in this program seven environmental indicators in schools are mentioned. The impact of this program on environmental indicators is important for decision making. Method: this study was conducted as case-control among 128 schools. Data collection instrument was a 30-questions checklist that was completed by Environmental health experts in schools. The results indicated that there is no significant relationship between the indicators of green space, drinking water, toilet and bathroom, using clean fuels (for heating), conserving in uses of paper and conserving in uses of energy (power utilities e.g. electricity, water, fuel) in health promoting schools and non-promoting schools . There is a significant relationship between the indicators of location and space of school in terms of being away from environmental pollutants, sewage disposal system, collecting and disposal of solid waste in health promoting schools and non-promoting schools. Since the health promoting program is running aimed at improving the health and environmental indicators, it does not have the appropriate mechanism for raising infrastructural standards and environmental structures in schools

Fluid Replacement Therapy in Different Medical Conditions in Children

Vascular access and Intravenous Fluid (IVF) administration are essential issues in childrenwho are admitted to the emergency wards. Despite the common use of maintenance IVF,there are a lot of variations in fluid administration methods and no definite guidelines for IVFand electrolyte monitoring. Because hypotonic fluids cause hyponatremia in many children,isotonic fluids are indicated, according to recent studies, as an accepted method in pediatricIVF therapy to prevent hyponatremia. This narrative review aims to provide an evidencebasedapproach for selecting the most appropriate IVFs in patients aged 1 day to 18 years.Data showed that the basis of fluid therapy in children varies according to the type of diseaseand the underlying conditions of children. Depending on each case, the clinicians shoulddecide on what and how fluid and electrolytes be used

The Status of Knowledge Management in the Libraries of selected Medical Sciences Universities in Tehran: Using Bukowitz and Williams Model

Introduction: Libraries are considered to be an important link in the knowledge management chain at universities as the basis for gathering, processing, storing and distributing knowledge. So this research was done with the aim of investigating the knowledge management status in selected libraries of medical sciences universities in Tehran using the Beckowitz and William model. Methods: in term of goals, this research is Applicability and was conducted in descriptive way and scrolling method. A questionnaire was used to collect information that its validity was estimated by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. The Research community consisted of 153 managers and librarians of central and faculty libraries of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences and Shahid-beheshtie University of Medical Sciences Results: The results showed that the mean scores of knowledge management status in libraries of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were 144/85 and more than average.  Also between the components studied, the mean score for components of knowledge deployment, knowledge learning, knowledge sharing and knowledge removal were more than average, the knowledge creation / maintenance was average and knowledge assessment and finding knowledge were lower than average. Conclusion: The findings showed that the knowledge management selected libraries status of medical sciences universities in Tehran was desirable. Therefore, according to past research and comparison with them, it can be concluded that knowledge management in mentioned libraries progressing

A Digital Neuromorphic Realization of the 2-D Wilson Neuron Model

This brief presents a piecewise linear approximation of the nonlinear Wilson (NW) neuron model for the realization of an efficient digital circuit implementation. The accuracy of the proposed piecewise Wilson (PW) model is examined by calculating time domain signal shaping errors. Furthermore, bifurcation analyses demonstrate that the approximation follows the same bifurcation pattern as the NW model. As a proof of concept, both models are hardware synthesized and implemented on field programmable gate arrays, demonstrating that the PW model has a range of neuronal behaviors similar to the NW model with considerably higher computational performance and a lower hardware overhead. This approach can be used in hardware-based large scale biological neural network simulations and behavioral studies. The mean normalized root mean square error and maximum absolute error of the PW model are 6.32% and 0.31%, respectively, as compared to the NW model

Time-based fault location method for LVdistributionsystems

© 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Due to the utilization of fundamental frequency, current impedance-based fault location methods are able to locate only permanent and linear faults. The duration of the arc in low and medium voltage systems can be as short as a quarter of a cycle. This period, which is normal for intermittent faults, is insufficient for fundamental frequency-based fault location algorithms. Therefore, available methods are not applicable for intermittent arcing fault location. In this paper, the time-based method previously proposed by the authors has been developed to locate short duration faults in LV distribution systems. The advantage of the proposed method over available methods is its capability for locating faults using fewer samples, which enable the user to locate both arcing faults as well as normal faults in the network. The main characteristics of an arcing fault, i.e., non-linearity and short duration, have been addressed in the proposed algorithms methodology. Various characteristics of a LV distribution system (i.e., heterogeneity, unbalanced load and line, etc.) have been taken into account in the current enhanced algorithm. The validity of the devised algorithm is studied within PSCAD-EMTDC environment and the obtained results show a good accuracy

Mathematical modeling the effect of catalyst initial shape and the crack pattern in olefin copolymerization

A two-dimensional (2D) single particle model for the copolymerization of propylene-ethylene with heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalyst is developed. The model accounts for the effects of the initial shape of the catalyst and carck/ pore patterns on the copolymer composition, polymerization rate and the average molecular weight properties. The spherical and oblate ellipsoidal shapes of catalyst particle and four different pattern distributions of cracks and pores in a growing particle are studied in this simulation. It is assumed that the diffusion coefficient of monomers in the cracks/pores is 10 times higher than the compact zone of the particle.In other word, the cracks are distinguished from parts with higher monomer diffusion coefficient.The dynamic 2D monomer diffusion-reaction equation is solved together with a two-site catalyst kinetic mechanism using the finite element method. Simulation results indicate that the initial shape of catalyst changes the average copolymer composition only in the early stage of polymerization, but the crack/pore patterns in the growing particle have a strong impact on the copolymer composition in the polymer particles due to the change ofmass transfer limitations

Diagnostic Reference Levels for Computed Tomography Examinations in Iran: A Nationwide Radiation Dose Survey

Introduction: International Commission on Radiological Protection introduced three basic principles of radiation protection, namely justification, optimization, and dose limit. Medical exposure has no dose limits, and generally, diagnostic reference levels are used as a tool for optimization of patient protection. Material and Methods: Dosimetry was performed on 20 CT scanners located in 14 cities in 12 provinces of Iran. A calibrated pencil-shaped ionization chamber, standard head and body CT dosimetry phantoms and a radiation monitor were used to determine and calculate Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) and Dose Length Product (DLP). The DLP-based estimates of effective dose were derived using effective dose conversion coefficients. Results: The nCTDIw values for head phantoms fell within the range of 22.05-168.38 and 43.77-426.69 µGy/mAs for 5 and 10mm slice thicknesses, respectively. These values for body phantom were 4.65-146.39 and 9.43-308.92 µGy/mAs for 5 and 10mm slice thicknesses, respectively. The third quartile of CTDIvol and DLP values for head CT examinations were 49.85 mGy and 1161.00 mGy-cm, respectively. The body CT examinations had the values of 8.89 mGy and 370.97 mGy-cm, respectively. The findings of this study revealed that the above-mentioned values can be considered as national diagnostic reference levels for head and body CT examinations in Iran. Conclusion: The results of the current study suggested that there is a need to re-assess DRLs for CT examinations at regular time intervals by the appropriate regulatory authority which can improve the continuous performance of CT scanners in Iran