Laser ablation synthesis and optical properties of copper nanoparticles

Copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) were prepared in virgin coconut oil (VCO) using a laser ablation technique. A copper plate immersed in VCO was irradiated by an Nd:YAG laser at wave lengths of 532 nm for 5, 10, 20, and 30 min. By increasing the ablation time from 5 to 30 min, the particle size inside the nanofluid decreased from 11 to 4 nm and the concentration, refractive index, and the volume fraction of copper nanofluid increased. The Cu-NPs were capped with oxygen from hydroxyl groups of the VCO, as verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The refractive indices, obtained by analysis of the surface plasmon resonance signals increased from 1.44371 + 0.0034i to 1.44387 + 0.0142i, and special self-phase modulation due to nonlinearity effect was investigated

A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF SAMANGADI ROPANA TAILA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DUSHTA VRANA (CHRONIC ULCERS)

Chronic ulcers are the problems and challenges for doctors in day today practice. An ulcer is the one of the type of wound which breaks integrity or continuity of skin or mucous membrane. Many studies have been carried out in Ayurveda for the management of chronic ulcers. Shashti Upakrama i.e. sixty types of wound management are the best therapies to deal for chronic ulcers. In the light of Ayurvedic knowledge, Sushruta described Samangadi Ropana taila as topical application in the context of Vrana. It contains Manjishta, Haridra, Padma, Triphala, Tuth, Vidanga, Kutki, Haritaki, Guduchi and Karanja. These drugs have Vrana Shodhana (wound cleaning) and Vrana Ropana (wound healing) properties.The present study was carried out on all types of Dushta Vrana (chronic ulcer). The Taila was applied topically once daily for 30 days or till healing of wound whichever is earlier. In this study 30 patients were selected and the study was single blind clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Taila by the subjective and objective criteria. This study shown that, there were significant results found in Dushta vrana (chronic ulcer) by anti-infective (anti bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-parasitic) property. It also contains analgesic and anti-inflammatory property which reduces pain, discharge, inflammation, tenderness, burning sensation and itching which contribute healthy granulation tissue formation. Thus wound healing restored without producing any adverse effect

Field Evaluation of Different Modules against Insect Pest and Diseases of Soybean

Four different modules like chemical, adoptive, bio-intensive and control module tested in natural field condition for insect pest and disease management. Chemical module (ST with thiram + carboxin @ 2 g/kg + spraying with lamda-cyalothrin @ 0.05% + spray hexaconazole @ 0.01 @ 0.1% at 45 DAS followed by second spray at 60 DAS with hexaconazole @ 0.1% and spinosad @ 0.05% followed by spray with carbendazim 0.1% at 70 and 85 DAS was found best as least leaf defoliator population (3.20 /mrl) and low girdle beetle infestation (3.30 %) were observed in field. In respect of disease, minimum charcoal rot (23.26 %) and Alternaria leaf spot (10.76 %) were recorded in chemical module followed by Adoptive module (28.08 and 17.17% respectively). In regards to yield, chemical module proved in yield maximization (1383.70 kg/ha) as compare to other modules

TAKRADHARA THE DIVINE PROCEDURE FOR IMPROVING QUALITY OF THE SLEEP

Nidra (sleep) in Ayurveda plays very important role in health point of view hence it is necessary to have a sound sleep. Current study determines the efficacy of Takradhara and indigenous drugs in administration of Anidra (insomnia). It was a simple, random, systematic, and focused group study with sample size 30.It was observed that the common causes of Anidra are mental stress; Chinta, Bhaya, Krodha, and improper sleep timings with having common symptoms like Yawning, Drowsiness, Fatigue, Malaise and Headache.It was seen that after completion of the course 73% of the patients got relieved from drowsiness, 72% relieved from headache, 67% relieved from malaise, 60% relieved from yawning and 58% of the patients got relieved from fatigue. Apart from that, 43% of the patients show improvement in the luster, 42% got relieved from constipation and 41% relieved from indigestion. However, 39% improved their concentration, 37% improved their level of perception and 27% improved their memory, while 23% of the patients show improvement in their weight.Therefore it can be concluded that the procedure of Takradhara was very safe and efficacious to treat the modalities and can be used effectively on the management of Anidra. Mixture prepared for Takradhara was found very effective in the management of Anidra. It only reduces stress and tension but also enhances the circulation of brain, improves memory, nourishes the hair on scalp, calms the mind and body and helps to beat insomnia.

Genetic diversity and geographical differentiation of nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) populations in peninsular Malaysia based on AFLP

Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) is a useful and widely distributed palm in Southeast Asia, but its habitats are declining due to industrial development. Information on genetic diversity, geographical differentiation, and phylogenetic relationships among the populations is important in order to develop conservation strategies for this species. In this study, the genetic diversity within and among 29 natural populations in Peninsular Malaysia was analyzed using the AFLP molecular technique. Polymorphism within a population was detected for 27 populations and three geographically distinct groups of nipa. The results showed that the highest frequency of heterozygosity was found in the west coast southern region, followed by the west coast northern region, and with the lowest frequency in the east coast region. In the phylogenetic tree, the three geographical regions that formed distinct groups with the west coast southern region group were located between the west coast northern region group and the east coast region. These results may suggest that nipa in Peninsular Malaysia has been diffused from or along the west coast southern region to the other regions. The three regional groups are differentiated genetically and it is recommended that all three regions should be targets for the conservation of nipa habitats, in order to reduce genetic erosion within the nipa in Peninsular Malaysia