Ancaman hakisan pantai dan adaptasi komuniti pesisir pantai di Malaysia: kajian kes Kampung Kemeruk, Kota Bharu, Kelantan

Kawasan pesisir pantai merupakan kawasan yang sensitif dan cenderung terdedah kepada pelbagai ancaman seperti hakisan yang boleh mendatangkan kesan kepada kesejahteraan hidup manusia, persekitaran dan ekosistem. Kajian ini mengenalpasti bentuk adaptasi komuniti pesisir pantai di Kampung Kemeruk bagi mengatasi ancaman hakisan pantai untuk meneruskan kelangsungan hidup seperti sedia kala. Data primer diperolehi melalui kaedah borang soal selidik dan temubual serta pemerhatian lapangan yang melibatkan 83 orang ketua isi rumah yang telah disampel secara berstrata memfokuskan kepada semua mangsa hakisan. Hasil kajian mendapati tiga peringkat adaptasi yang telah dilakukan oleh penduduk Kampung Kemeruk . Adaptasi jangka masa pendek ialah membina benteng guni pasir untuk mengukuhkan tebing sungai daripada impak deras dentuman ombak dan sekaligus dapat mengurangkan hakisan tebing terjadi. Adaptasi jangkamasa sederhana ialah seperti menanam pokok-pokok di persekitaran kediaman seperti menanam pokok kelapa dan juga membuat ubah suai terhadap rumah yang mereka diami. Langkah ini dirasakan mampu untuk masyarakat menanganinya dalam tempoh setahun ke lima tahun. Adaptasi jangkamasa panjang dikenalpasti ialah dengan cara memindahkan tapak rumah ke kawasan baharu yang agak jauh daripada pesisir pantai

Urban sprawl literature review: definition and driving force

The concept of urban sprawl spans multiple dimensions indicating how urban built-up land cover adds up throughout exurban landscapes. These different dimensions of urban sprawl require a re-examination of definitions and their driving forces because certain policies were formulated from the proposition of informed knowledge and have implicitly gratified urban sprawl into adjoining urban peripheries. This article aimed to offer an alternative perspective on urban sprawl, contributing to a better comprehension of its definition and driving forces. The revision of urban sprawl definitions into six categories have been done based on their repercussion, unaesthetic design, driving force, undesirable pattern, extended character, and their consequences to the environment, to assist in giving an in-depth understanding of urban sprawl in order to implicate effective policy actions. A revision of the driving forces of urban sprawl into various socioeconomic, institutional, demographic, market and technological factors further support the research on spatial planning and urban growth. It is conducted through a detailed discussion and analysis of evidence retrieved from wide-ranging urban studies literature. An informed decision through understanding the driving force of urban sprawl and addressing the root cause can produce a twofold benefit of socio-environment wellbeing and growth-friendly policy initiatives

Plans, people and floods : the problems of urbanisation in the Klang Valley, Malaysia

Urbanisation in Malaysia's Klang Valley has been increasing rapidly. In order to accommodate the growing population, massive land use development is taking place. Much of this is occurring on the flood plain of the Klang River, seriously exacerbating the problem of flooding and inflicting suffering on local residents and damage to their property. These problems have occurred within a context of blurred and divided administrative responsibilities. The Klang River and its tributaries flow through both the State of Selangor and the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. The governments of these two entities have divergent development visions that place differing weights on the importance of environmentally sustainable planning. The consequence of these disagreements has been continued construction on the flood plain and ever more serious flooding. This research illustrates these themes -- and the problems that result from lack of coordination in planning and development -- through an examination of the effect of flooding on two settlements. One is the settlement of TTDI Jaya in Shah Alam, Selangor, built and managed by a property developer, and the other is the squatter settlement of Kampung Haji Abdullah Hukom in Kuala Lumpur. The impact of flooding in these two study areas is examined through a questionnaire survey and interviews. Household strategies in these two contrasting communities are compared in terms of preparation against flooding and adjustments to property and lifestyle. The psychological effects are considered, alongside economic, social and physical impacts. The research also examines the effectiveness of flood control measures in the light of the continuing occurrence of flooding. It analyses the role of local community committees, effective leadership and political involvement in protecting the rights of the effected communities to live in these settlement areas and make their voices heard. These questions are considered within the context of a broader examination of the relationship between land use development planning in the Klang Valley and the problem of flooding. The research concludes by arguing that a coordinated approach is needed to planning within river basins and that this planning should be informed by an understanding of river basin systems. It draws attention to the importance of adopting `soft' approaches to flood management and mitigation. Finally, it questions conventional assumptions of greater security against flooding enjoyed in middle class settlements by suggesting that strong community cohesion can lead to a relatively more favourable outcome for the residents of otherwise less advantaged settlements. A materially poorer but more vibrant society can be considered better equipped, it is concluded here, and more resilient in the face of disaster

Assessing and Modelling the role of urban green spaces for human well-being in Lahore (Pakistan)

Green structure is one of the major pillars of an urban structure, which accelerates life events by promoting physical activities, mental, and psychological relaxation, providing oxygen for breathing and purifying air pollutants. However, a rapid urban expansion is shrinking urban greenness within and surrounding the cities violating environmental guidelines. Therefore, being a rapidly growing and densely populated city, Lahore attracted the study to assess the role of urban green spaces for human well-being. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted and statistical regression analyses were performed to investigate the role of UGSs for human well-being. Finally, a structural equation model was developed, in which the role of UGSs for human well-being was found to be highly significant (beta = 0.904, R2 = 0.817) at P < 0.00. Therefore, the study concluded that urban green spaces are a key to well-being in Lahore, which needs to protect admitting their significance to the residents

Kesan aktiviti pembangunan tanah terhadap kawasan punca pengambilan air di Cameron Highlands

Pembangunan guna tanah merupakan aspek penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi dan peningkatan tahap sosial masyarakat. Bagaimanapun, pembangunan guna tanah sering kali dikaitkan dengan kemerosotan sumber alam khususnya sumber air. Hal ini kerana aktiviti guna tanah yang dijalankan di kawasan tadahan air telah menyebabkan kesan negatif kepada kawasan punca pengambilan air. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini akan menghujah bahawa aktiviti pembangunan guna tanah yang dijalankan dalam lingkungan kawasan punca pengambilan air memberi kesan negatif kepada kawasan dan kualiti air di Cameron Highlands. Kaedah kajian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah analisis Sistem Maklumat Geografi (SMG) versi 10.1 yang melibatkan analisis pertindihan (overlay analysis) dan analisis tadahan air (watershed analysis) berdasarkan point based watershed analysis. Di samping itu, temu bual semi struktur, penggunaan data sekunder dan google earth turut digunakan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan aktiviti guna tanah di kawasan tadahan air telah menyebabkan kesan negatif terhadap kualiti air yang kemudiannya menyumbang kepada masalah pengeluaran dan pengagihan sumber bekalan air di kawasan tersebut

Psychological impacts of flash flooding in the Klang Valley, Malaysia

Recently, rapid development of the Klang Valley has tended to squeeze settlement developments into fragile areas, particularly flood plains, due to the limited supply of suitable non-hazardous land. Developments on these flood plains will be exposed to the risk of flooding. The Klang Valley is well known for its serious problems with flash floods: they generally occur four to five times a year and sometimes more often. Two to three hours of heavy rain is enough to cause the river in the Klang Valley to reach its peak discharge. Flash floods have led to intangible psychological impacts on the effected residents. This research will discuss the psychological impacts of flash flooding in two residential areas with different levels of living community and different housing constructions. The first is the properly planned settlement of TTDI Jaya and the second is the squatter settlement of Kampung Haji Abdullah Hukom. The information discussed here is drawn from interviews with the residents and questionnaire surveys. Keywords: Psychological impacts, flash floods, Klang Valley, flood plain developmen

Is urban sprawl a threat to sustainable development? a review of characteristics and consequences

During recent decades, urban sprawl has been substantially debated in the literature, carrying significant social, economic and environment implications, much earlier than of sustainable development concept being introduced. Often, urban sprawl is defined in terms of undesirable development. Urban sprawl is also associated with negative urban expansion and excessive resource consumption. To mitigate urban sprawl, urban growth management has been timely implemented by understanding urbanization characteristics and their socio-environment and economic driving forces. While sustainable urban development is a highly developed spatial form of integrated cities, urban sprawl mostly occurred in lower densities accompanied by expansion of urban periphery, is acknowledged as the opposite force, with its character of scattered and leapfrogging development. Therefore, urban sprawl is the most impactful urban development patterns that occurred at an unprecedented rate that threaten sustainable development. This article examined the characteristics and the consequences of urban sprawl and how it affects sustainable development

Issues of rural-urban migration in north-central Nigeria: A study of Plateau state urban centres

Rural-urban migration in developing countries has drastically increased in the perspective of rural migrants relocating to urban cities. Nigeria has had issues of migration of which Plateau state is not exceptional, beyond the urbanization and population issues are succinct underlying components that have been the driving force of rural-urban migration. This study examines the issues of rural-urban migration in Plateau state, North-central Nigeria with the objective of identifying cognizance issues of migration. 420 households and 1325 rural migrants were sampled and data was collected through SSQ, interviews and FGDs in&nbsp; 14 locations in urban centres. Migrants’responses gathered were extracted, coded and further analysed using the aid of SPSS 23.0 version to present the result of the findings, after mean, SD and factor analysis was conducted to track down basic elements in socio-demography, reasons to migrate and adaption procedure. Rural migrants were found to have issues with each of the elements considered the highest in the region but policy implementation was drafted to curtail those issues of rural-urban migration through a collaboration of stakeholders in the study region

Urban sprawl literature review : definition and driving force

The concept of urban sprawl spans multiple dimensions indicating how urban built-up land cover adds up throughout exurban landscapes. These different dimensions of urban sprawl require a re-examination of definitions and their driving forces because certain policies were formulated from the proposition of informed knowledge and have implicitly gratified urban sprawl into adjoining urban peripheries. This article aimed to offer an alternative perspective on urban sprawl, contributing to a better comprehension of its definition and driving forces. The revision of urban sprawl definitions into six categories have been done based on their repercussion, unaesthetic design, driving force, undesirable pattern, extended character, and their consequences to the environment, to assist in giving an in-depth understanding of urban sprawl in order to implicate effective policy actions. A revision of the driving forces of urban sprawl into various socioeconomic, institutional, demographic, market and technological factors further support the research on spatial planning and urban growth. It is conducted through a detailed discussion and analysis of evidence retrieved from wide-ranging urban studies literature. An informed decision through understanding the driving force of urban sprawl and addressing the root cause can produce a twofold benefit of socio-environment wellbeing and growth-friendly policy initiatives