Comparative Study for Phenol Removal from Wastewater by Adsorption and Ion Exchange

Nowadays, most of the wastewater produced as industrial effluent contain constituents where it needs to be treated prior discharge to environment. One of the constituents is phenol; an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H50H which is generated in many of the steel industry's coking facilities as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds. Phenol can pose a severe health hazard whereupon it can affect the central nervous system and cause damage to the liver and kidneys. Phenol will stay in the air, soil, and water for much longer times if a large amount of it is released at one time, or if a steady amount is released over a long time. In advanced wastewater treatment, many methods have been applied such as adsorption using activated carbon, ion exchange using resin, using Fenton reagent and UV light degradation to remove phenol. So, in this systematic study, two methods have been chosen to be investigated for phenol removal efficiency, which is adsorption using activated carbon and ion exchange resin. A modification process is performed to modify the smface of activated chemically using KOH. The adsorptive capacity between modified activated carbon, non modified activated carbon and resin then is compared to determine which is better for phenol removal. From this study, it is proven that the modification on the surface of activated carbon improves the performance for phenol removal compared to non-modified and resm

Comparative Study for Phenol Removal from Wastewater by Adsorption and Ion Exchange

Nowadays, most of the wastewater produced as industrial effluent contain constituents where it needs to be treated prior discharge to environment. One of the constituents is phenol; an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H50H which is generated in many of the steel industry's coking facilities as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds. Phenol can pose a severe health hazard whereupon it can affect the central nervous system and cause damage to the liver and kidneys. Phenol will stay in the air, soil, and water for much longer times if a large amount of it is released at one time, or if a steady amount is released over a long time. In advanced wastewater treatment, many methods have been applied such as adsorption using activated carbon, ion exchange using resin, using Fenton reagent and UV light degradation to remove phenol. So, in this systematic study, two methods have been chosen to be investigated for phenol removal efficiency, which is adsorption using activated carbon and ion exchange resin. A modification process is performed to modify the smface of activated chemically using KOH. The adsorptive capacity between modified activated carbon, non modified activated carbon and resin then is compared to determine which is better for phenol removal. From this study, it is proven that the modification on the surface of activated carbon improves the performance for phenol removal compared to non-modified and resm

Improvement of soft soil stiffness using geo-composite cellular mat

The highway construction over sub-grade consisting of problematic soils gives challenges to the engineer due to their weak geotechnical characteristic [1, 2, 3]; High water content, High compressibility, and Low bearing capacity

Examining a TPB Model towards Intention to Use Biodegradable Drinking Straw Using PLS-SEM

Intention to use biodegradable drinking straw may be affected by psychological factors. Besides, the impact of factors towards intention may be different between gender. Therefore, this paper analyses the effect of attitude, subjective norm, knowledge, and perceived behavioral control towards the intention to use a biodegradable drinking straw and the moderating effect of gender towards the relationship among variables. The results, which were collected by using online questionnaires and analysed by using PLS-SEM; showed that most of the variables except knowledge had a significant impact on intention to use a biodegradable drinking straw, while gender posits no difference towards the usage intention. Keywords: Intention; Biodegradable Straw; Knowledge; Gender eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CCBYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.242

The Role of Media on Knowledge, Awareness and Students' Attitude during Movement Control Order (MCO)

The Malaysian government had announced the Movement Control Order (MCO) to handle the Covid-19 crisis. During MCO, the government has used media channels to spread the information to the public. This research aims to identify the mediating part of both knowledge and awareness between students' attitude and media role during MCO. The findings from 338 respondents analysed using structural equation modelling found that knowledge and awareness mediate between media and students' attitude. This study could guide policymakers to promote a greater understanding of the coronavirus pandemic by using the mass media. Keywords: Knowledge, Awareness, Attitude, Role of Media eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i16.271

Synthesis, structural, density functional theory, and x-ray diffraction study of zn(II) n-isopropylbenzyldithiocarbamate: anti-corrosion screening in acid media

Corrosion of metal is a serious issue across many industries and is considered costly. Acids used during the cleaning process in industries may contribute to metal erosion. Dithiocarbamate is a ligand that can act as a corrosion inhibitor due to the presence of sulfur and nitrogen as electronegative atoms. Zn(II) N-isopropylbenzyldithiocarbamate (Zn[N-isopbenzdtc]2) complex was synthesized through direct synthetic method of < 4 °C and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), X-ray crystallography study, molar conductivity, melting point, and gravimetric analysis. Corrosion inhibition of mild steel was studied for different corrosive media (1 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4). The synthesized inhibitor was studied at different concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mM at 40 °C. As a conclusion, as the inhibitor concentration decreased, the efficiency of the corrosion inhibitor also decreased at a constant temperature. In this study, it showed that the corrosion activity of mild steel in 1 M H2SO4 was higher compared to 1 M HCl due to the higher concentration of H+, which makes H2SO4 more corrosive than HCl

Corporate Social Responsibility Research Bibliometric Insight

Given on the importance of social accounting for sustainable development, this study objectives are to investigate the global trends of CSRD from the perspective of publications outputs, co-authorship, countries, and authors co-occurrences keywords. CSR activities and disclosure practices are arguably important as mean to improve social communication between company to stakeholder. It is being emphasized that, understanding the subject of interest and widening the networking is important to improve the research from many perspectives. From 1959 to 2019, a total of 181 articles were extracted from Scopus database for analysis purpose. Result analysis suggested that, publications on CSRD have experienced positive upwards from 2013 until 2019, contributing to total cumulative of CSRD articles. More than half of CSRD articles were published by UK researchers, China and Malaysia, leading other countries. Due to the nature of research, most of the CSRD articles were contributed by academic institutions. In an attempt to further CSRD research, Islamic banks, performance and managerial ownership were seen as potential topics to be expanded by future research

Experimental and numerical study of wheat and rice doughs

Physicochemical, morphological, rheological characteristics and finite element modelling of wheat flour, rice flour, starch and gluten were studied in this work. The physicochemical analysis of rice flour exhibited almost similar characteristics to wheat flour without gluten present. Rice flour and rice starch contained higher value of carbohydrate and fibres compared to wheat flour and wheat starch. Likewise, rice flour and rice starch interacted strongly with water and oil due to higher value of water absorption, water solubility and oil absorption indices compared to wheat flour and wheat starch. SEM images showed that rice starch had uniform size, smaller polyhedral shape and were closely intact between granules, whereas wheat starch consisted of large and small granules that were sphere and irregular in shapes. Compression tests conducted on all the doughs showed viscoelastic behaviour and permanent set. Stress-strain curve of rice starch-gluten dough are shown to be higher than wheat starch-gluten dough. Oscillation tests conducted on all doughs showed larger storage than loss modulus, indicating more elastic than viscous behaviour of the doughs. Finally, finite element model using ‘chess’ geometry for starch and gluten was able to simulate deformation of starch-gluten dough

Insight observation into rapid discoloration of batik textile effluent by in situ formations of zero valent iron

This study aimed to investigate the discoloration of textile effluent from batik industrial wastewater by Fenton oxidation process using Fe(II), Fe(III) and in situ formation of zero valent iron (Fe(0)). The controlled parameters indicate the Fenton oxidation reaction is ideal on effluent at pH5, concentration colour of 4005 mg/L Pt-Co units using 0.5 mg/mL of catalyst dosage to meet the regulation for Malaysian quality water standard. The optimization of Fe(0) precursors, Fe(II) shows a higher discoloration efficiency in comparison with Fe(III). The synthesized particles of Fe(0) shows a nano spherical structure in the diameter range of 20-70 nm, aggregated and into a chain-like formation. Subsequently, the performance of Fe(0) was improved up to 97% discoloration in comparison with 89% discoloration by Fe(II). Whereas, the in situ formation of Fe(0) in batik effluent shows a complete discoloration ascribable to higher reactivity than partially oxidized of synthesized ex situ Fe(0). On top of that, in situ Fe(0) performed at the expeditious reaction in less than five min. Additionally, the regeneration of Fe(0), Fe(II) and Fe(III) show a potential of catalyst recyclability up to three cycles of Fenton oxidation but with a tolerable reduction to 62.1% of effluent discoloration