A study of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape : recent trends and future prospect.

Due to the scale of recent development and rapid urbanisation in Kelantan, Malaysia, there is a general lack of understanding and appreciation of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. This PhD research was undertaken in order to identify the characteristics and identity of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. Through this improved understanding, it is hoped to better respect the heritage in contemporary planning and landscape design. The investigation highlights the authentic traditional elements that the inherited landscape can offer to contemporary planners, landscape architects, and municipal administrators in order to preserve the integrity and the beauty of the Kelantan Malay landscape. The search for the Kelantan Malay regional identity is quite a complicated endeavour both because of the diverse causes of change, and the difficulties in obtaining references and documentation about the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. There is an urgent and imperative task to secure the future of the authentic Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. Basically, Kelantan is being becoming acknowledged as a cradle of Malay cultures since most of the traditional Malay cultures can be found there. Traditional arts and culture are crucial to regional identity and, significantly, their vernacular qualities also play a vital role in creating the beauty of the cultural landscape. They have their own expression in architecture and landscape that could be identified as unique within the Malay Archipelago. The study will also consider the Kelantan traditional Malay house, the village, and the landscape elements of the capital city of Kota Bharu. This research will also look into the influences from other landscape traditions in creating the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. These include the early stage of Kelantan, during the Hindu- Buddhist era, the philosophy and culture of the Islamic era, Siamese influence, British colonial influence, and the period after Independence in 1957. In addition, this research will look into the approaches that have been used by Kota Bharu Municipal Council in creating the new landscape, especially in the city centre. At the same time the process of creating the regional identity will be considered. Kota Bharu, as an Islamic city, represents a symbolic trademark to the urban development of the Islamic state of Kelantan. It appears that there have been many changes in the cultural landscape of Kelantan, especially in the traditional villages and the city centre, that have gradually been transformed. In an important sense, recent new building and new urban development have transformed the cultural landscape either in a traditional matter or in a pastiche way. This thesis recognises the importance of incorporating the existing heritage alongside contemporary design. This research also seeks to consider the future prospects for the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape since there are many evolutions currently underway. Optimistically, there will be better landscape practices in the future, as well as further research on the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape

Gaya ‘Lukisan Kajian’. Perbandingan Karya Lukisan Pengkaryaan Dan Perekaan: Fenomena Visualisasi

Kajian ini meneroka gaya penghasilan‘stroke line’ atau kesan palitan mata pen secara ‘free hand drawing’ dalam menghasilkan bentuk illustrasi 3 Dimensi(3D).Tujuan kajian, adalahmembuat perbandingan ‘Gaya stroke line’(gSLine) antara bidang 'Art'dengan 'Architecture Graphic Presentation Drawing' yang diringkaskan sebagai ‘A+AGPD’. Batasan responden terdiri daripada pelukis artistik dan pelukis illustrasi seni bina yang aktif berkarya dan menghasilkan buku rujukan atau bahan ilmiah.Pengkaji mengkaji perbandingan (gSLine)dikalangan 6 orang responden yang dianggap pakar dalam kajian ini. Isu lukisan ‘free hand’ yang tidak berpekadaran, kejung dan kurang menjadi dikalangan pelajar seni dan seni bina ‘under-graduate’ sering dibincangkan dalam jurnal-jurnal dalam dan luar Malaysia bermula tahun 2001 hingga 2014. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif.Metodologi kajian melalui kaedah secara trangulasi iaitu pemerhatian, rakaman visual serta kajian literature telah digunakan dalam kajian ini.Fenomena (gSLine) dianalisis berdasarkan kepada unsur-unsur seni: garisan, rupa, bentuk, tekstur dan warna dalam menghasilkan illustrasi bentuk 3D secara ‘free hand’. Dapatan kajian secara literatur, mendapati karya artistik dikenali sebagai lukisan pengkaryaan.Manakala lukisan yang dihasilkan oleh pelukis illustrasi grafik seni bina, grafik dikenali sebagai lukisan perekaan.Dapatan kajian daripada 6 orang responden mendapati terdapat tiga perbezaan (gSLine) antara dua disiplin ilmu seni ini iaitu daya visual(perkadaran) ,emosi(seimbang) dan estetik(bernada) yang diringkaskan sebagai (dVEE). Dapatan kajian ini dikumpulkan dalam usaha pengkaji menghasilkan model hibrid ‘Art+Architecture Graphic Presentation Drawing’ (A+AGPD).Teori pemodelan Albert Bandura dan teori gabungan organik dirujuk dalam penghasilan model Proses dalam pembangunan menghasilkan (gSLine) yang berkualiti dalam menjelaskan ‘how’ atau bagaimana lukisan illustrasi 3D yang mempunyai (dVEE) boleh dihasilka

Rural Children’s Perceptions and Definitions of Nature

Children’s perceptions towards nature during childhood is crucial as it affects a child behaviour towards the environment and nature in later life as an adult. However, the number of children playing in the outdoor environment where nature exists including rural areas is rapidly declining. The phenomenon of the disconnection with the natural world will develop gaps between children and nature and subsequently may also breed apathy towards the natural environment. Therefore, this study investigates rural children’s definition and perceptions on nature. Finding suggests that it is important to reconnect children with nature. The directions for future research are also discussed. Keywords: Children; nature; definition; perception eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.370

The Development of the Malay Garden Concept

This study discusses the development of the Malay garden concept using the old Malay manuscripts and site observation to the Malay villages along Peninsular Malaysia. The inherited landscape design concept can offer as a guideline to conserve the integrity and the authenticity of the traditional Malay garden design and the strength of these characters will extensively use in developing the concept of landscape design in Malaysia due to the increasing awareness of design and the quality of life. Keywords: Malay Garden, Malay Landscape, Cultural Landscape, Quality of Life eISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

A study of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape : recent trends and future prospect

Due to the scale of recent development and rapid urbanisation in Kelantan, Malaysia, there is a general lack of understanding and appreciation of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. This PhD research was undertaken in order to identify the characteristics and identity of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. Through this improved understanding, it is hoped to better respect the heritage in contemporary planning and landscape design. The investigation highlights the authentic traditional elements that the inherited landscape can offer to contemporary planners, landscape architects, and municipal administrators in order to preserve the integrity and the beauty of the Kelantan Malay landscape. The search for the Kelantan Malay regional identity is quite a complicated endeavour both because of the diverse causes of change, and the difficulties in obtaining references and documentation about the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. There is an urgent and imperative task to secure the future of the authentic Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. Basically, Kelantan is being becoming acknowledged as a cradle of Malay cultures since most of the traditional Malay cultures can be found there. Traditional arts and culture are crucial to regional identity and, significantly, their vernacular qualities also play a vital role in creating the beauty of the cultural landscape. They have their own expression in architecture and landscape that could be identified as unique within the Malay Archipelago. The study will also consider the Kelantan traditional Malay house, the village, and the landscape elements of the capital city of Kota Bharu. This research will also look into the influences from other landscape traditions in creating the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. These include the early stage of Kelantan, during the Hindu- Buddhist era, the philosophy and culture of the Islamic era, Siamese influence, British colonial influence, and the period after Independence in 1957. In addition, this research will look into the approaches that have been used by Kota Bharu Municipal Council in creating the new landscape, especially in the city centre. At the same time the process of creating the regional identity will be considered. Kota Bharu, as an Islamic city, represents a symbolic trademark to the urban development of the Islamic state of Kelantan. It appears that there have been many changes in the cultural landscape of Kelantan, especially in the traditional villages and the city centre, that have gradually been transformed. In an important sense, recent new building and new urban development have transformed the cultural landscape either in a traditional matter or in a pastiche way. This thesis recognises the importance of incorporating the existing heritage alongside contemporary design. This research also seeks to consider the future prospects for the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape since there are many evolutions currently underway. Optimistically, there will be better landscape practices in the future, as well as further research on the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Understanding Social Dimensions in Wildlife Conservation: Multiple Stakeholder Views

Numerous studies show the importance of social understanding in addressing multifaceted conservation issues. Building on a conservation planning framework, this study examines the social dimensions of wildlife conservation in Kinabatangan, Sabah, Malaysia. It employs a qualitative approach by conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews with sixty informants drawn from local community members, government officials, tourism operators, non-government organizations, and the private sector. Our results show that the incidence of human–wildlife conflicts has reduced in the region, but that conflicts among stakeholders themselves about wildlife still remain a significant threat for attaining successful conservation outcomes. Further stakeholder perceptions of increased wildlife numbers often contrast with actual counts returned by periodical surveys conducted by conservation agencies, e.g., showing a 30% decline of orangutans and a 29% decline of gibbon abundance. This shows that evidence-based conservation messages have not been communicated well. The study has implications for enhancing social values among conservation players, promoting local community empowerment and revising conservation awareness programs

Understanding Social Dimensions in Wildlife Conservation: Multiple Stakeholder Views

Numerous studies show the importance of social understanding in addressing multifaceted conservation issues. Building on a conservation planning framework, this study examines the social dimensions of wildlife conservation in Kinabatangan, Sabah, Malaysia. It employs a qualitative approach by conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews with sixty informants drawn from local community members, government officials, tourism operators, non-government organizations, and the private sector. Our results show that the incidence of human–wildlife conflicts has reduced in the region, but that conflicts among stakeholders themselves about wildlife still remain a significant threat for attaining successful conservation outcomes. Further stakeholder perceptions of increased wildlife numbers often contrast with actual counts returned by periodical surveys conducted by conservation agencies, e.g., showing a 30% decline of orangutans and a 29% decline of gibbon abundance. This shows that evidence-based conservation messages have not been communicated well. The study has implications for enhancing social values among conservation players, promoting local community empowerment and revising conservation awareness programs

Indigenous Kinabatangan Perspectives on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations: Factors Influencing Their Support and Participation

Indigenous perspectives on the effects of climate change are frequently elicited through surveys and interviews, and the responses are compared to meteorological data. However, there remains a limited approach to examining the underlying predictors that best determine Indigenous support for adaptation strategies. This study utilizes partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to identify the main indicators of Indigenous support for coping with unfavorable climate impacts. Using a case study and a purposive sampling approach, a survey of 328 Indigenous peoples was conducted in rural Kinabatangan, Sabah, Malaysia. Results showed that communities’ attitudes had a large effect on the Indigenous support for adaptation (f2 = 0.380), followed by the communities’ awarenesses (f2 = 0.063), rapid onset events (f2 = 0.051), and climate impacts on tourism (f2 = 0.016). Communities prioritize the impacts of climate change on their health, livelihoods, and environmental resources. Nevertheless, they do not draw a causal link between the effects and responses to climate hazards. Coping strategies such as the inclusion of Indigenous livelihoods, a bottom-up approach, and transparent communication are suggested to cultivate Indigenous support for climate change adaptation. Decision-makers can apply these findings to prepare climate change policies and enhance the adaptation strategies of Indigenous communities

The relationship between stingless bee and native plants studies

In the past decade, the benefits of stingless bee honey as an anticancer agent has increased in demand in Malaysia. Despite the increasing demand, the quality produced highly depends on a certain plant, Ixora spp. The practice of planting design in landscape development only by considering the aesthetic values leads to the poor productivity of stingless bee honey. Therefore, this review focuses on the suitability of native plants used in landscapes designed for stingless bees. This study employed thematic analysis related to the issues between native plants, stingless bee and landscape development. Based on the assessment, literature on stingless bees discussed issues related to its habitat in the tropical rain forest, the behaviour of finding food, characteristics of its honey and the benefits of consuming the honey. Meanwhile, studies on native plant demonstrated the use of plants in providing food and habitat to the local insects which contribute to the continuity of the species. As a conclusion, the quality of honey is dependent on the relationship between stingless bees and native plants. Hence, the native plants can be potentially used in planting design for the improvement of stingless bee honey production