A case study of religious engagement online: how Malaysian Muslim students access Islamic information

The spread of digital technology has expanded how people engage with religious information. Religious activities are no longer restricted to physical spaces as the Internet allows users to customize their religious experiences. This study, grounded in the uses and gratifications theory, explores how Malaysian Muslim students access religious information across two mediums: print and electronic media; as well as investigating the relationship between the preferred medium for accessing information and religious engagement. Malaysian Muslim students studying in Malaysia and the United States were recruited online for preliminary and in-depth interviews. The results show that access to the Internet, availability of print sources, location of users and the level of religiosity, influence how Malaysian Muslim students consume religious information

A review of commodity murabahah transaction as offered by Bursa Malaysia: a critical analysis from fiqh perspective

Commodity Murābahah is an example of product innovation in Islamic banking and finance, which is based on Murābahah and Tawarruq transactions. Both traditional and the contemporary Islamic jurists hold different opinions on its legality in the light of Fiqh. This study is aimed at understanding of Commodity Murābahah trading especially the current practical operations and describing preferred structures of Commodities Murābahah as offered by Bursa Malaysia to overcome the highlighted controversies of Sharī'ah issues. This paper will illustrate in detail the transactional flow of Bursa Sūq Al-Sila' as operated by Bursa Malaysia and will shed light on related Sharīah issues for improvement

Elderly care monitoring system with IoT application

Falls among elderly can pose serious consequences such as injury or even fatal ones. Therefore, it is essential that fall are detected early and away to that is by using IoT platform. The authors have been developing a wearable device for elderly monitoring system utilizing accelerometer. The data from accelerometer is connected to an Internet-of-Things (IoT) platform called ThingSpeakTM. Based on IoT platform, elderly patients can be remotely monitored as long as the care providers have good internet access. The paper presents the experimental results of determining the sensitivity and specificity of the accelerometer used in the proposed system. This is the first step for developing an accurate data acquisition for monitoring purposes. Based on the experimental results, the average percentage for sensitivity obtained for this device is 73.3%, while the average for specificity obtained is 89.3%. Both sensitivity and specificity tests shows promising results which indicates that the device only has a fail rate of 26.7% and error rate of 10.7%

A Study on Human Fall Detection Systems: Daily Activity Classification and Sensing Techniques

Fall detection for elderly is a major topic as far as assistive technologies are concerned. This is due to the high demand for the products and technologies related to fall detection with the ageing population around the globe. This paper gives a review of previous works on human fall detection devices and a preliminary results from a developing depth sensor based device. The three main approaches used in fall detection devices such as wearable based devices, ambient based devices and vision based devices are identified along with the sensors employed.  The frameworks and algorithms applied in each of the approaches and their uniqueness is also illustrated. After studying the performance and the shortcoming of the available systems a future solution using depth sensor is also proposed with preliminary results

Development of Landslide Hazard Assessment Using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing Application

The purpose of this study is to generate and evaluate the landslide hazard map for Gua Tempurnng area using Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing techniques. GIS mapping is generated and integrated with landslide potential database in order to construct landslide hazard map. Landslide locations were identified in the study area from imagery and aerial photograph interpretations followed by field surveys. The topographic and geologic data were collected, processed and created into a spatial database using GIS and image processing. Factors that influence landslide occurrence at the study area was identified and analyzed based on literature review, landslide history and field observation. Data acquisition for factors such as slope gradient, slope aspect, slope curvature, river and landuse were retrieved from topographic database. Data acquisition for rainfall intensity vegetation coverage, mineralogy and lineament were retrieved from remote sensing database. The image processing task will be performed using Adobe Photoshop while the analysis and map generation process will be carried out using ArcGIS and ERDAS Imagine software This project is vitally required in order to avoid any possible landslide occurrence and to determine the safety level for any development along the terrain slope. Landslides embodied one of the major geological hazards that cause losses in lives and property. The natural condition of the hilly side such as steep slope, poor consolidated loose soil and water movement have tremendously induce landslide occurrence. Its occurrence can be triggered and accelerated by human activities such as land development and deforestation. In recent days, the increasing development of recreational and residential area along the slope terrain and continuous development at hilly side have increase the unstable soil condition. along the hill slope. This phenomenon will increase the potential of slope failure that can cause major disaster in expense of life and property losses. This project can identified potential landslide areas thus prevent any insignificant land development, accident and negative consequences at the study area

Physical characteristics of laser processed hydrogenated amorphous silicon

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon films subjected to KrF excimer laser irradiation with a profiled beam in air leads to the formation of microstructures. The main objective of this research was to perform a comprehensive study in understanding this material in three different aspects: thermal, electrical, and optical properties by experiment, SEM analysis and modelling. For the thermal interactions, analysis was carried out to investigate factors relating to the formation of the microstructures in a range of applied laser fluences from 93.8 to 443.8 mJ/cm2. The tallest microstructures were formed with average height from 1 to 3 ?m at laser fluence of 312.5 mJ/cm2. Investigation also include the effect of different applied laser fluence, different scanning schemes, the effect of the presence of 300 nm metal layer, and irradiation environment. Thermal modelling using COMSOL simulation software was used to simulate heat transfer during laser-material interaction and the results suggest a fair agreement with experimental findings. SEM and TEM reveal that the material formed was an oxynitride with embedded particles of crystalline silicon. In the electrical part, conductivity and field emission were the main tools to help elucidate the internal structure. Arrhenius plots acquired from conductivity measurements demonstrates a decrease in activation energy from 0.8957 eV from original sample to 0.3955 and 0.1727 eV for HE and LE sample respectively. Analysis also showed an agreement with Meyer Neldel rule for both samples. Observation made on the ratio of dark current to photogenerated current revealed the decrease from 59600 in original sample to 1.77 and 1.40 for HE and LE samples respectively. For the field emission properties, IE plots from samples were analysed using 170 ?m fixed gap structure, and lowest emission thresholds were achieved at 3 and 2.4 V/?m for HE and LE samples respectively. The results were fitted to a model of conducting particles in an insulating matrix offering a transport route to the surface. In the optical part, FTIR measurements were carried and analysis in IR absorbance profile within range of 550 to 2200 cm-1 demonstrates SiHx absorbance peaks at 640 cm-1, between 1980 to 2100 cm-1, and at 2095 cm-1. Hydrogen content was found to be decreased with the increase in applied laser fluence from 12 % in original sample to 4.2 and 1.5 % for HE and LE sample respectively. Measurements using UV-Vis between wavelengths of 200 to 1100 nm shows high absorbance up to 98% for laser process sample from 218.8 to 312.5 mJ/cm2. TR analysis demonstrated increasing absorbance properties at increasing incident angle. Raman spectroscopy showed an increase in the crystal fraction with laser fluence. The final analysis work in this thesis examines the material as a potential disordered photonic crystal and studies the propagation and localisation of light in ordered and disordered photonic crystal, modelled using COMSOL simulation software. This shows the transition from diffusive to localised propagation. A number of applications are suggested for this structured material. This is the first report of a new large area ‘black silicon’ material that has a number of interesting applications.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGovernment of MalaysiaGBUnited Kingdo

Physical characteristics of laser processed hydrogenated amorphous silicon

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon films subjected to KrF excimer laser irradiation with a profiled beam in air leads to the formation of microstructures. The main objective of this research was to perform a comprehensive study in understanding this material in three different aspects: thermal, electrical, and optical properties by experiment, SEM analysis and modelling. For the thermal interactions, analysis was carried out to investigate factors relating to the formation of the microstructures in a range of applied laser fluences from 93.8 to 443.8 mJ/cm2. The tallest microstructures were formed with average height from 1 to 3 ?m at laser fluence of 312.5 mJ/cm2. Investigation also include the effect of different applied laser fluence, different scanning schemes, the effect of the presence of 300 nm metal layer, and irradiation environment. Thermal modelling using COMSOL simulation software was used to simulate heat transfer during laser-material interaction and the results suggest a fair agreement with experimental findings. SEM and TEM reveal that the material formed was an oxynitride with embedded particles of crystalline silicon. In the electrical part, conductivity and field emission were the main tools to help elucidate the internal structure. Arrhenius plots acquired from conductivity measurements demonstrates a decrease in activation energy from 0.8957 eV from original sample to 0.3955 and 0.1727 eV for HE and LE sample respectively. Analysis also showed an agreement with Meyer Neldel rule for both samples. Observation made on the ratio of dark current to photogenerated current revealed the decrease from 59600 in original sample to 1.77 and 1.40 for HE and LE samples respectively. For the field emission properties, IE plots from samples were analysed using 170 ?m fixed gap structure, and lowest emission thresholds were achieved at 3 and 2.4 V/?m for HE and LE samples respectively. The results were fitted to a model of conducting particles in an insulating matrix offering a transport route to the surface. In the optical part, FTIR measurements were carried and analysis in IR absorbance profile within range of 550 to 2200 cm-1 demonstrates SiHx absorbance peaks at 640 cm-1, between 1980 to 2100 cm-1, and at 2095 cm-1. Hydrogen content was found to be decreased with the increase in applied laser fluence from 12 % in original sample to 4.2 and 1.5 % for HE and LE sample respectively. Measurements using UV-Vis between wavelengths of 200 to 1100 nm shows high absorbance up to 98% for laser process sample from 218.8 to 312.5 mJ/cm2. TR analysis demonstrated increasing absorbance properties at increasing incident angle. Raman spectroscopy showed an increase in the crystal fraction with laser fluence. The final analysis work in this thesis examines the material as a potential disordered photonic crystal and studies the propagation and localisation of light in ordered and disordered photonic crystal, modelled using COMSOL simulation software. This shows the transition from diffusive to localised propagation. A number of applications are suggested for this structured material. This is the first report of a new large area ‘black silicon’ material that has a number of interesting applications.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGovernment of MalaysiaGBUnited Kingdo

Gaya Pembelajaran: Visual, Auditori atau Kinestetik

Gaya pembelajaran adalah cara bagaimana pelajar menyerap dan menyusun maklumat yang diterima. Pendekatan gaya pembelajaran secara umum terbahagi kepada tiga aspek; visual, auditori dan kinestetik. Pertama, gaya visual, yang belajar paling berkesan ketika melihat pembelajaran dengan media gambar. Kedua gaya auditorial, yang berkesan belajar melalui suara yang didengar. Maka gaya pembelajaran pendengaran adalah gaya pembelajaran dengan mendengar. Pelajar dengan gaya pembelajaran ini lebih dominan menggunakan deria pendengaran ketika menjalankan proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran. Gaya pembelajaran visual suka kemahiran dan kemas, ingin bercakap pantas, suka membuat perancangan yang teliti untuk jangka masa depan, sangat terperinci dengan terperinci. Ketiga, gaya aktif, atau apa yang disebut pelajar kinestetik. Sementara itu, gaya pembelajaran kinestetik adalah dengan bergerak, menyentuh, dan bekerja. Mereka belajar dengan mengutamakan perasaan dan pergerakan fizikal mereka. Penerapan gaya pembelajaran ini dalam aktiviti pembelajaran telah menghasilkan pelbagai kesan positif dalam arena pendidikan. Learning Style: Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic Abstract: Learning style is the way how students absorb and compose the information received. The learning style approach is generally divided into three aspects; visual, auditory and kinesthetic. First, the visual style, which makes learning the most memorable when looking at learning with image media. Both styles are auditory, which impresses learning through the sound that is heard. Then the hearing learning style is a listening learning style. Students with this learning style are more dominant in using the sense of hearing when carrying out the learning and teaching process. Visual learning style likes skill and order, wants to speak quickly, likes to make careful plans for the future, and is very detailed in detail. Third, active style, or what is called a kinesthetic learner. Meanwhile, the kinesthetic learning style is by moving, touching, and working. They learn by prioritizing their feelings and physical movements. The application of this learning style in learning activities has produced various positive impressions in the educational arena. Keywords: Auditory, Kinesthetic, Learning Style, VAK, Visual

Development of Human Fall Detection System using Joint Height, Joint Velocity, and Joint Position from Depth Maps

Human falls are a major health concern in many communities in today’s aging population. There are different approaches used in developing fall detection system such as some sort of wearable, ambient sensor and vision based systems. This paper proposes a vision based human fall detection system using Kinect for Windows. The generated depth stream from the sensor is used in the proposed algorithm to differentiate human fall from other activities based on human Joint height, joint velocity and joint positions. From the experimental results our system was able to achieve an average accuracy of 96.55% with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 95

First-principles investigation of graphitic carbon nitride monolayer with embedded Fe atom

Density-functional theory calculations with spin-polarized generalized gradient approximation and Hubbard $U$ correction is carried out to investigate the mechanical, structural, electronic and magnetic properties of graphitic heptazine with embedded $\mathrm{Fe}$ atom under bi-axial tensile strain and applied perpendicular electric field. It was found that the binding energy of heptazine with embedded $\mathrm{Fe}$ atom system decreases as more tensile strain is applied and increases as more electric field strength is applied. Our calculations also predict a band gap at a peak value of 5 tensile strain but at expense of the structural stability of the system. The band gap opening at 5 tensile strain is due to distortion in the structure caused by the repulsive effect in the cavity between the lone pairs of edge nitrogen atoms and $\mathrm{d}_{{xy}}/\mathrm{d}_{x^2-y^2}$ orbital of Fe atom, hence the unoccupied $\mathrm{p}_z$-orbital is forced to shift towards higher energy. The electronic and magnetic properties of the heptazine with embedded $\mathrm{Fe}$ system under perpendicular electric field up to a peak value of 10 $\mathrm{V/nm}$ is also well preserved despite obvious buckled structure. Such properties may be desirable for diluted magnetic semiconductors, spintronics, and sensing devices