Water Treatment Sludge Stabilizer Binder by Waste Paper Sludge Ash for Solidification/Stabilisation Technique

Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) used as stabilizer binder to treat water treatment sludge (WTS). This study was conducted to treat WTS by using WPSA in Solidification/Stabilisation (S/S) technique. 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of WPSA was utilized to treat 200g of WTS. 100% of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was used as control specimen. For testing, compressive strength and leaching test on WTS treated with WPSA at specified percentage were performed. It was experimentally done on sample cured at 1, 3, 7 and 28 ages for the compressive strength and at 28 ages for leaching test. Results showed that compressive strength decreases with increasing WPSA content. The immobilization of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) were monitored. The concentration of metals decreases with respect to percentage of WPSA added. The optimum content of WPSA to treat WTS was 50%

Paramedics’ perception on video assisted learning method in learning emergency skills

Information technology use in healthcare education has become a popular medium of instruction. One of the medium of instruction is video assisted learning (VAL). The use of VAL as an instructioemergency skills is not new. However, there are lack of studies on the perception of using this method in learning emergency skills. This qualitative study involved four focused discussion groups following a VAL instruction on emergency skills. A total of 20 paramedics were divided into four groups. They were involved in a focussed discussion after a VAL instruction session. Findings reveal that the paramedics perceived three major themes which were categorized as : i) advantages of video as teaching tool, ii) barrier in using video as a teaching tool; and iii) suggestions on using video as teaching tool. The findings indicate that the paramedics perceived VAL as a potential tool for learning emergency skills. However, they suggested the language of instruction should be in their mother tongue for better understanding. This implies that using English language has disadvantage in technology enhanced learning for better understanding

WATER PERMEABILITY OF MICRONISED BIOMASS SILICA CONCRETE

Abstract Malaysia is a country which its citizens employe

The Effect of Effective Microorganism (EM) Inclusion to the Setting Time of Microbed Cement Paste

The inclusion of Effective Microorganism (EM) lengthen the setting time of microbed cement paste with respect to the control cement paste. However, the investigation on the influence of EM ingredients to the setting time was not performed yet in the earlier study. Therefore, the test of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) was performed on the EM product used in order to determine their ingredients. Further examination was carried out to analyse the pore characteristics in examining the effect of the pore size distribution to the setting time of microbed cement paste. Potassium Chloride (KCl) was detected in EM liquid using XRD test. It can be concluded, the ingredient of EM which is consist of the molasses influenced the setting time of microbed cement paste. The hardening rate of microbed cement paste was effected by the presence of KCl. The pore size of microbed cement paste recorded the lower pore volume (mL/g) with respect to the control cement paste. The larger intrusion of mercury was recorded at smaller pore diameter in microbed cement paste while control cement paste occupied at the bigger pore diameter. The microbed cement paste (16.5%) recorded the smaller porosity than cement paste without EM (20.3%). The smaller cement pore effects the delayed setting time of microbed cement

Intertextuality in Text-based Discussions

One  of  the  main  issues  often  discussed  among  academics  is  how  to  encourage  active participation by students during classroom discussions. This applies particularly to students at the tertiary level who are expected to possess creative and critical thinking skills. Hence, this paper reports on a study that examined how these skills were demonstrated by a group of university students  who  employed  intertextual  links  during  a  follow-up  reading  activity involving  small-group  text  discussions.  Thirty  undergraduates  who  were  in  their  fifth semester of a TESL degree programme were prescribed reading texts consisting of two chapters taken  from  a  book.  Findings  reveal  that  intertextual  links  made  during  text discussions created successfully a “collaborative environment” where beliefs and values were shared judicially among participants. Pedagogical implications for ESL classroom practice include  heightening  the  awareness  amongst  academics  and  students  of  the  role  of intertextuality in order to promote students’ use of their critical and creative thinking skills in a supportive classroom environment

Chloride Resistance Behavior on Nano-Metaclayed Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Nowadays, the application of nano materials is getting attention to enhance the conventional concrete properties. The ultrafine particles of nano material also will help reducing the formation of micro pores by acting as a filler agent, produce a very dense concrete and will reduce the growth of micro pores in the UHPC structures. The introduction of nano materials in concrete is to increase the strength and durability of concrete. One of the most important factor affecting concrete durability is chloride penetrability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the chloride permeability and chloride penetration depth by using rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) and colorimetric method, respectively. The study was conducted for normal performance concrete (NPC), high performance concrete (HPC), ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and a series of UHPC (nano metaclayed-UHPC) incorporating different replacement levels of nano metaclay. All the tests were performed at ages of concretes from 3 up to 365 days. The results showed that the presence of silica fume in HPC and nano metaclay in UHPC reducing the Coulombs passed on the 56-days up to 365-days. The experimental results also revealed the depth of chloride ion penetration for nano metaclayed-UHPC concretes are much lesser than those concretes. As regards to the results, nano metaclay led to noticeable benefit in term of chloride resistance

The Effect of Effective Microorganism (EM) Inclusion to the Setting Time of Microbed Cement Paste

The inclusion of Effective Microorganism (EM) lengthen the setting time of microbed cement paste with respect to the control cement paste. However, the investigation on the influence of EM ingredients to the setting time was not performed yet in the earlier study. Therefore, the test of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) was performed on the EM product used in order to determine their ingredients. Further examination was carried out to analyse the pore characteristics in examining the effect of the pore size distribution to the setting time of microbed cement paste. Potassium Chloride (KCl) was detected in EM liquid using XRD test. It can be concluded, the ingredient of EM which is consist of the molasses influenced the setting time of microbed cement paste. The hardening rate of microbed cement paste was effected by the presence of KCl. The pore size of microbed cement paste recorded the lower pore volume (mL/g) with respect to the control cement paste. The larger intrusion of mercury was recorded at smaller pore diameter in microbed cement paste while control cement paste occupied at the bigger pore diameter. The microbed cement paste (16.5%) recorded the smaller porosity than cement paste without EM (20.3%). The smaller cement pore effects the delayed setting time of microbed cement

Chloride Resistance Behavior on Nano-Metaclayed Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Nowadays, the application of nano materials is getting attention to enhance the conventional concrete properties. The ultrafine particles of nano material also will help reducing the formation of micro pores by acting as a filler agent, produce a very dense concrete and will reduce the growth of micro pores in the UHPC structures. The introduction of nano materials in concrete is to increase the strength and durability of concrete. One of the most important factor affecting concrete durability is chloride penetrability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the chloride permeability and chloride penetration depth by using rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) and colorimetric method, respectively. The study was conducted for normal performance concrete (NPC), high performance concrete (HPC), ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and a series of UHPC (nano metaclayed-UHPC) incorporating different replacement levels of nano metaclay. All the tests were performed at ages of concretes from 3 up to 365 days. The results showed that the presence of silica fume in HPC and nano metaclay in UHPC reducing the Coulombs passed on the 56-days up to 365-days. The experimental results also revealed the depth of chloride ion penetration for nano metaclayed-UHPC concretes are much lesser than those concretes. As regards to the results, nano metaclay led to noticeable benefit in term of chloride resistance