Enhancement in thermal and mechanical properties of bricks

A new type of porous brick is proposed. Sawdust is initially well mixed with wet clay in order to create voids inside the brick during the firing process. The voids will enhance the total performance of the brick due to the reduction of its density and thermal conductivity and a minor reduction of its compressive stress. All these properties have been measured experimentally and good performance has been obtained. Although a minor reduction in compressive stress has been observed with increased porosity, this property has still been larger than that of the common used hollow brick. Data obtained by this work lead to a new type of effective brick having a good performance with no possibility that mortar enters inside the holes which is the case with the common used hollow bricks. The mortar has a determent effect on thermal properties of the wall since it has some higher thermal conductivity and density than that of brick which increases the wall overall density and thermal conductivity of the wall

Microwave assisted K2CO3 palm shell activated carbon as sorbent for CO2 adsorption application

Carbon dioxide is believed to be a major greenhouse gas (GHG) that contributes to global warming. In this study, palm shells were used as a precursor to prepare CO2 activated carbon sorbents via carbonization, chemical impregnation with K2CO3 and microwave activation. Adsorption equilibrium data for CO2 adsorption on the porous carbon were obtained at different temperatures using static volumetric adsorption method. Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Toths models were used to correlate the experimental data. The CO2 adsorption capacity at 303.15, 343.15, 378.15 443.15 K and 1 bar on the sorbent was 2.71, 1.5, 0.77, 0.69 mmol/g respectively. Sips isotherm was found to have the best fit. The results indicated that the porous carbon sorbent prepared by carbonization and microwave K2CO3 assisted activation have good CO2 uptake. The porous carbons produced are therefore good candidates for CO2 adsorption applications

Fabrication of Tio2 and V2o5 Thin Films by Powder Coating Technique

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and vanadium oxide (V2O5) in different mixing percentage (100, 50, 0)% from them powders as thin film on substrate of glass .the coating thickness was ( 0.37 ±0.03 μm ). Thin films were inspection by microphotographs with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that thin films was prepared crystalline and also the compound (tio2, v2o5), and the structure was regular and smooth

Free Vibration Analysis of Isotropic Plates by Alternative Hierarchical Finite Element Method Based on Reddy’s C1 HSDT

This paper presents the free vibration analysis of isotropic thick rectangular plates, based on higher order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The plate theory ensures a zero shear-stress condition at the top and bottom surfaces of the plate, and do not requires a shear correction factor. The model requires inter-element C1 continuity for the transverse displacement. To overcome this hindrance, a new hierarchical p-element with six degrees of freedom per node is developed and used to find natural frequencies of thick plates. Convergence studies and comparison have been carried out for with different boundaries conditions. It is shown that the present element enables rapid convergence

Enhancing Thermal and Water Absorption Properties of Unsaturated Polyester and Epoxy by Nanocarbon Black Powder

This paper covers the effect of nanocarbon black powder (N220) on the some physical properties (thermal conductivity and water absorption) of unsaturated and epoxy resins filled with nanocarbon black powder (N220). The polymer nanocomposites, were prepared with (1 to 10 wt%) of carbon black nanoparticles using ultrasonic wave bath machine dispersion method. The results had shown thermal conductivity of unsaturated and epoxy resins improved by (131.37% and 78%) respectively, at 10wt. %. The water absorption reduction by (55.41% at 4 wt.%, 51.76% at 6 wt.%) for unsaturated polyester and epoxy nanocomposite, respectively

Characterization of Novel Coronavirus and Pandemic of Covid-19 : an Overview

في الفترة الأخيرة من عام 2019 ، تم التعرف على فيروس كورونا الجديد ، المسمى حاليًا SARS-CoV-2 ، بسبب انتشار مرض الجهاز التنفسي الحاد في الصين في ووهان. خلال شهر فبراير 2020 ، حددت منظمة الصحة العالمية (WHO) أن COVID-19 هو مرض فيروس كورونا 2019. على مدى السنوات الخمسين الماضية، كانت هناك أعداد مختلفة من الفيروسات التاجية التي تسببت في مجموعة واسعة من الأمراض البشرية والطب البيطري. ومن المتوقع أن تستمر هذه الفيروسات في الظهور والتطور وتتسبب في الانتشار بالبشر بسبب قدرة الفيروسات على إعادة التجميع والتحول ونقل المرض إلى أنواع وخلايا عديدة. فيما يتعلق بفيروس كورونا، ستستمر الأبحاث المستقبلية في التحقيق في العديد من جوانب تكاثر الفيروس وامراضيته.  بداية، فإن فهم ميول الفيروسات المعنية للطفرة بين الأنواع، وتأكيد الإصابة في مضيف جديد آخر، وتحديد المستودعات الكبيرة لفيروسات كورونا سيساعد بشكل كبير في التنبؤ باين ومتى ستحدث الأوبئة المحتملة. نظرًا لأن الخفافيش تبدو مستودعًا مهمًا لهذه الفيروسات، فسيكون من المثير للاهتمام تحديد كيفية تجنب تطور المرض سريريًا والعدوى المستمرة. ثانيًا، تحديد كيفية ترميز البروتينات غير الهيكلية والملحقة للفيروس عبر بقايا فيروسات غير محددة وبدون وظيفة محددة وأيضًا يكون مهمًا لتحديد آليات عمل هذه البروتينات بالإضافة إلى تحديد دورها البارز في تضاعف الفيروس ثم احداث المرض .تحتاج هذه الدراسات إلى التوجه بشكل  رئيسي لتحديد مقدار العلاج المناسب الذي يهدف للسيطرة على العدوى.  بالإضافة إلى ذلك، توجد أيضًا العديد من الإنزيمات الفريدة المشفرة عبر فيروسات كورونا، مثل ADP-ribose-1 1-phosphatase ، في حقيقيات النوى الأعلى، مما يجعل دراستها قابلة للتطبيق لفهم الجوانب العامة للبيولوجيا الجزيئية والكيمياء الحيوية. ثالثًا، وبالمثل، فإن الحصول على صورة كاملة لتعقيدات RTC سيوفر إطارًا لفهم عملية تكرار الحمض النووي الريبي الفريدة التي تستخدمها هذه الفيروسات. أخيرًا ، فإن تحديد كيفية تسبب فيروسات كورونا في حدوث المرض ثم فهم الاستجابة المناعية للمضيف لمسببات الأمراض سيحسن بشكل كبير قدرتنا على تصنيع اللقاحات وتقليل عبء المرض.In the last period of 2019, the new corona virus, currently called SARS-CoV-2, recognized by way of the reason for the spread disease of acute respiratory in China in Wuhan. During February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) identified   COVID-19, as the 2019 coronavirus disease. Over the past 50 years, there have been different numbers of coronary viruses that have caused a wide range of human diseases and veterinary medicine. These viruses are expected to continue to appear, develop, and cause the spread of humans and viruses because of their ability to regroup, transform them and communicate a disease to numerous species in addition cells. Investigation of future for Coronavirus will ongoing for explore many aspects of virus duplication in addition pathogenesis. First of all, understanding tendencies for the viruses involved to hurdle among species, confirm contagion in another novel host, and identify large reservoirs of corona viruses   greatly help for predicting where and when possible epidemics will happen. Since bats appear an important viruses reservoir, it will be stimulating to limit how   can evade developing clinically evident of disease and persistent infection. Second, determining how  virus's non-structural and accessory proteins coded via  remain of viruses unmarked without a identified function and also be significant to determine the act mechanisms  of these proteins in addition to determine the  starring role in duplication  of viral then disease pathogenesis. These studies need to chief toward a major a plus the amount of appropriate treatment aims for control of infection. Additionally, several unique enzymes encoded via corona viruses, for example ADP-ribose-1 1-phosphatase, moreover exist in upper eukaryotes, creation their study applicable to learning common aspects of biochemistry and molecular biology. Third, likewise, obtaining a whole picture of RTC particulars will make available a background for learning replication of the unique RNA practice these viruses employ. Lastly, identifying just how coronaviruses reason disease then understanding the host's immune reaction for pathogen will greatly progress our capability to manufacture vaccines then decrease the disease burden

Fabrication of Te Micro-Tubes and TeO2 Micro-Wires From Powders by Cold Spray

A one-dimensional micro-structured tellurium (Te) microtube and tellurium dioxide (TeO2) microwire were successfully prepared by cold spray process in large scale by a facile approach of sprayed (Te), (TeO2) dry powder in an inert atmosphere using helium gas onto glass substrate. Tellurium and Tellurium dioxide were sprayed by heating carrier gas at (200,300,400 and 500 °C) and 2 MPa pressure on the glass substrate (100°C). Heat treatment was done under vacuum (0.0133mbar) for (30 min) at (200°C) for Te and (400°C) for TeO2.The prepared microtubes and microwire was examined by XRD, AFM and SEM. The result showed that the obtained microtubes and microwire were highly pure

GIS-based FRASTIC model for pollution vulnerability assessment of fractured-rock aquifer systems

All groundwater is vulnerable to pollution, but the level of susceptibility depends on the spatial peculiarities of a region. Among the numerous vulnerability assessment methodologies, the geographical information system-based DRASTIC model is the most sophisticated and achieves reliable results even in complex areas. Fractured-rock aquifers are not only complex, but they are also potential sources of radioactive and other types of waste and are liable to high recharge rates. Hence, they can serve as a conduit for fluid (and potentially) contaminants. Therefore, in this study, a new parameter, ‘fracture media’ (F), is fashioned to replace the weakest parameter (i.e. depth to water, D) in the standardized DRASTIC model to create a new model (FRASTIC) for the complex fractured aquifer system. The proposed model was tested on a case study area (Kano, Nigeria), and the FRASTIC minimum and maximum indices obtained were in the range of 63–170. The region was characterized as having very low (covering 0.16% of the total study area), low (55.52%), medium (42.53%), and high (1.79%) vulnerability based on the standardized classification system. In addition, the modified FRASTIC model was further developed using the sensitivity analysis (SA) and recorded the highest vulnerable area coverage (32.86%) within Kano. Thus, the modified FRASTIC model is appropriate for the complex nature of the study area because it contributes appreciably to defining the vulnerable zones. The single-parameter SA was employed to obtain effective weights for two modified models, which were then implemented to improve efficacy. Conventional nitrate validation indicated that there is a strong correlation between nitrate and vulnerability for the modified models. In addition, a new approach for identifying the relationship between the water quality and vulnerability indices was developed by this study and was proven to be an effective validation tool