Perception and Practice of Food Habit and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls: A Comparative Study between Garment Workers and School Going Girls

Adolescent health has become one of the most widely discussed and sensitive issues. In Bangladesh 21% is adolescent of the total population. In Bangladesh more than one third of adolescents are not properly aware of the increased nutritional requirement during the adolescent period for proper growth. Therefore our study was proposed to know the perception and practice of food habit and nutritional status of adolescent girls between two groups. To find out the perception and practice about food habit of garment workers and school going adolescent girls and their comparative nutritional status. A cross sectional study was conducted in Samars Fashion Tex Ltd. Badda, FS Sweater Ltd Mirpur, Dhaka and Azimpur Girls High School, Kurmitola High School, Ali Hussein Girls High School, Jatrabari Ideal School, Udayan High School in Dhaka city. Total sample size was 210 and study was based on adolescent girls’ age between 10 to 19 years. 110 adolescent girls were randomly chosen from the 2 garment industries and 100 adolescent girls from the 5 schools in Dhaka city. In our study, both of the groups have well perception about nutritive food. (P value =0.004). Both of them think that they need more food during pregnancy,(P value = 0.005). The hygiene practices in both groups were almost 90% hygienic. With the results of this study it can possible to decrease the superstition and restriction about food habit. The improvements could have been possible due to correct and specific nutrition education to the garment workers and school going adolescent girls. The authors are very thankful to Nutrition Foundation of Bangladesh (NFB), and five schools, two garments, BMRC for their kind cooperation. Proper information should be given about nutritive food in both groups. Some steps should be taken to change their food habit and improve their nutritional status. Keywords: Perception, Practice, Hygiene, Nutritional Status, Adolescent girls

The impact of an early intervention program based on distance training of mothers in improving the social and language skills of children with intellectual disability in Jordan

This study aimed at identifying the impact of an early intervention program based on distance training of mothers in improving the social and language skills of children with intellectual disability. To achieve the study aims, a sample of 30 children aged between 4-6 years was selected and distributed into two groups: experimental group (15) and control group (15). The Social Skills Scale and the Language Skills Scale which were prepared with their psychometric characteristics being validated was used, in addition to the training program. The study results indicated significant differences between the means of both the experimental and the control groups of social skills and language skills after implementing the distance training program in favor of the experimental group. There were no significant differences between the means of the experimental group grade ranks on the Social Skills Scale and the Language Skills Scale after implementing the program and the traceability scale. The study results showed the efficacy of the early intervention program based on distance training of mothers in improving social and language skills. The researchers recommend adopting the early intervention program for distance training of mothers to improve the social and language skills of children with intellectual disability, as well as activating the role of families in training and education

The Influence of Features of Collocations on the Collocational Knowledge and Development of Kurdish High School Students: A Longitudinal Study

This study explored the influence of four features of collocations- frequency of occurrence, syntactic structure, semantic transparency, and congruency with L1- on the collocational knowledge and development of 252 Kurdish high school learners of English as a foreign language. The importance of collocations in learning English as a second or foreign language and the difficulties that challenge learners at different levels of language proficiency have been well established. However, few studies have adopted a longitudinal research design or a hybrid definition of collocations, incorporating both frequency-based and phraseological views. The present study took this approach to explore learners’ collocational knowledge and development and the influence of features of collocations on their collocational knowledge and development at the high school level of learning English as a foreign language. The study employed two tests: an appropriateness judgement test to measure learners’ receptive knowledge and a gap-filling test to measure their productive knowledge of collocations. The data were collected in two waves, one at the beginning of their school year and the other at the end. Data analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between features of collocations and learners’ collocational knowledge and development. The results revealed frequency of occurrence as the most influential factor affecting learners’ knowledge and development. Influence of the syntactic structure of collocations on the learners’ knowledge and development came second whereas congruency with L1 occupied the third position. Semantic transparency seemed to have the least influence on their collocational knowledge and development. Gender appeared as an influential factor in the individual tests. However, its influence was not significant in terms of overall knowledge development. In general, the results indicated that learners’ productive collocational knowledge lagged behind their receptive. However, receptive and productive collocational knowledge did not increase at the same rate over the study period. While learners’ receptive collocational knowledge did not show an increase in knowledge, their productive knowledge increased significantly over the school year. The results also revealed that grammatical collocations were less challenging than lexical collocations at this level of language learning. Finally, according to the study results, some pedagogical implications and suggestions for further studies are presented.Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG

The Relationship Among Life Style, Coping Strategies and Religiosity With General Health in Iranian Students

General health has been associated with many variables that from most important can be noted Life Style, Coping Strategies and Religiosity. This study examined the relationship between life style, coping strategies, religiosity and general health among Iranian students. This cross sectional study was conducted on 180 students 15-17 year olds who were selected via multi step cluster sampling method design from schools in the Varamin suburb, Iran in 2013. All students completed the questionnaires of life style, coping strategies, religiosity and general health and regression was used for data analyses. The statistical analysis revealed a positive relationship between life style, problem solving strategy and internal religiosity with general health (P<0.01) and a negative relationship between emotional coping strategy with general health (P<0.05). Life style, internal religiosity and problem-focused strategy predicted 32 percent of variance of general health and also share of life style in prediction general health was over of other variables. These results highlight the importance in considering life style at further understanding general health in students.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v2i3.394

Induction heating fluidized bed reactor for coal-based cofiring tests

Cofiring of coal plus a sulphur free feedstock i.e. municipal waste in fluidized bed reactors has been an interesting pathway to reduce SOx emissions where, for example, economical alkali (Na or K) or earth alkali (Ca) bearing sorbents are added to the cofiring feedstock. However, a large array of cofiring feedstock and sorbent formulations are normally generated to find the optimum operating conditions in terms of maximum emissions reduction and prevention of defluidization state. The latter occurs due to either the inorganic content of the feedstock or the alkali components of the feedstock that combine with the bed material forming low temperature melting eutectics at the surface. Occurrence of the defluidization state in a large-scale fluidized bed reactor causes a lot of operation delays due to overhaul, reactor cleaning and bed material loading. Performing such high temperature screening tests, between 800 and 1200 °C, in the pilot reactors is very challenging, labour demanding and costly. On the other hand, the available micro reactors have limitations to mimic cofiring conditions in the large-scale reactors. The novel Induction Heating Fluidized Bed Reactor (IHFBR), 2.5 cm diameter and 7.5 cm height, provided a fast heating rate, quick and accurate solid feeding technique, durability at extremely high temperatures, and convenient operation making it ideal for a large set of coal-based cofiring screening tests. It was also discovered that the defluidization state could be easily predicted. Therefore, a considerable amount of time and cost, i.e. cost of material, operation and equipment was saved

Numerical solutions of elliptic inverse problems via the equation error method

To estimate a parameter in an elliptic boundary value problem, the method of equation error chooses the value that minimizes the error in the PDE and boundary condition (the solution of the BVP having been replaced by a measurement). The estimated parameter converges to the exact value as the measured data converge to the exact value, provided Tikhonov regularization is used to control the instability inherent in the problem. The error in the estimated solution can be bounded in an appropriate quotient norm; estimates can be derived for both the underlying (infinite-dimensional) problem and a finite-element discretization that can be implemented in a practical algorithm. Numerical experiments demonstrate the efficacy and limitations of the method

Two Conditionalproofs of Riemann Hypothesis

We consider the analytic continuity of the Riemann zeta function through the Hankel contour. We detect a sort of non accuracy in the functional equation with a significantly small error that we consider to conditionally prove Riemann Hypothesis in two ways

The Practice Degree of University Academic Leaderships in Jordan Private Universities within Amman Governorate for Administrative Empowerment and Its Relationship to the Level of Competitive Advantage and the Faculty Members’ Points of View

The study aimed to reveal the relationship between the degree of academic leaderships in Jordan private universities within Amman Governorate for administrative empowerment and its relationship to the level of competitive advantage and the faculty members’ points of view. and the sample was consisted of (337) faculty members, The results showed that the total score for the practice of administrative empowerment, obtained a general average of (4.10) and a high degree. At the level of the fields, the field of delegation of authority obtained the highest average (4.22), the field of participation in decision-making obtained (4.19),  the field of self-motivation obtained (4.06) , the field of effective communication with an average of (3.95), and the level of competitive advantage got an average (3.94) with a high degree. The results indicated that there is a positive correlation relationship with statistical significance between the total score of Kane administrative, the overall degree of the level of competitive advantage. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences in the degree of administrative empowerment exercise referring to a variable (Academic rank and experience), While there were statistically significant differences referring to the gender variable especially for the male group. There were no differences appeared with statistical significance in the level of competitive advantage due to variables (gender, academic rank, and experience). Keywords: Academic leaderships, Jordan private Universities, administrative empowerment, competitive advantage. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-27-05 Publication date:September 30th 202

Kedudukan murtad dan penyebaran agama bukan Islam menurut perspektif undang-undang di Malaysia: satu analisa isu dan cabaran = (The legal position of apostasy and spreading of non-Islamic teachings in Malaysia:analysis and challenges)

Umat Islam di Malaysia pada hari ini berhadapan dengan cabaran yang amat besar berikutan masyarakat digemparkan dengan dakwaan isu murtad yang semakin berleluasa. Isu murtad dilihat menjadi lebih serius berikutan kenyataan yang dibuat oleh Mufti Perak pada suatu ketika dahulu yang mendedahkan bahawa kajian oleh sekumpulan Melayu profesional mendapati seramai lebih 100,000 umat Islam di Malaysia telah pun bertukar agama. Pendedahan demi pendedahan telah dilakukan dan terkini, isu murtad telah beralih kepada isu baru berhubung agenda pengembangan agama bukan Islam kepada orang-orang Islam susulan kejadian pemeriksaan Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor ke atas sebuah gereja di Damansara Utama, Petaling Jaya pada 3 Ogos 2011, ketika umat Islam sedang mengerjakan ibadah puasa di bulan Ramadhan. Walaupun Malaysia telah dilabelkan sebagai sebuah negara Islam yang makmur dan stabil dari sudut ekonomi, politik dan sosialnya, namun isu murtad yang timbul mampu memberi kesan terhadap kemakmuran dan kestabilan yang sedang dinikmati oleh umat Islam sekiranya perkara tersebut tidak dibendung dari peringkat awal.Isu murtad dan kebebasan beragama bukanlah isu remeh dalam konteks negara yang meletakkan Islam sebagai agama Persekutuan. Justeru itu, penulisan ini mengupas dan membincangkan isu murtad dan penyebaran agama selain Islam di Malaysia dengan memfokuskan perbincangan menerusi perspektif undang-undang