Rapid quantification of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol in deep-fat frying using palm olein: using ATR-FTIR and chemometrics

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was studied as an alternative technique for the estimation of the 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ester level in palm olein. The samples were the frying oils of potato chips with the addition of a synthetic or natural antioxidant. The same samples were evaluated by both the conventional method (GC-MS) and FTIR. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to group the frying oils according to the level of the 3-MCPD esters. The results obtained by FTIR were consistent with the findings using an indirect determination method by GC-MS. Chemometric analysis was applied to correlate the content of 3-MCPD esters with the FTIR spectrum data. A partial least squares (PLS) model was able to predict the concentrations of 3-MCPD esters at the 95% confidence level with R2 values higher than 0.90

Palm pollen as Growth and Metabolic Enhancer During the Course of Murine Intestinal Eimeriosis

Abstract.-The current study was designed to evaluate the antagonistic effect of palm pollen extract (PPE) against Eimeria papillata-induced growth depression and metabolic disturbance in laboratory mice. Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into three groups. The first group represents control non-infected animals. Second and third groups were orally infected with 1.5×10 3 sporulated E. papillata oocysts. The 3 rd group was treated with a daily dose (150 mg/kg) of PPE for five successive days. All animals were sacrificed on day 5 p.i., and samples were collected. Control non-infected mice had an average gain in their weights by about 18%, while infected mice lost their weights by about 7%. Upon treatment of infected mice with PPE, there was an average weight gain of about 5%. A state of disturbance in nutrient levels and systemic inflammatory response had been induced as a result of E. papillata infection. Blood glucose level and total proteins were elevated with concurrent decrease of carbohydrate and protein content in jejunum tissue. Also, infection caused hyperlipidemic status and disturbance in metal ion concentrations. Moreover, plasma enzymatic activities of lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly elevated as a consequence of E. papillata infection. PPE could effectively restore carbohydrate, proteins, lipids and metal ions near to their normal values with diminishing the activity of the mentioned enzymatic biomarkers of inflammation. Finally, palm pollens can be used as an excellent food supplement to ameliorate the induced metabolic disturbance and growth depression associated with the intestinal coccidial infections