Factors affecting Hvac system maintenance-Abu Dhabi-Uae

While HVAC maintenance is primarily a technical service, it is provided by people who work for other people, and is performed for people who own or occupy a building. A maintenance measure is only effective if technicians have the tools, skills and training to implement it properly. Heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems consume the largest portion of energy used in a building. Many building faults that occur during a project life cycle hugely contribute to energy loss, including: operational faults from improper installation, poor testing and commissioning, poor integration with building management systems, equipment degradation, sensor offset failures and control logic problems. They can be grouped into several categories, including: (1) control fault, (2) sensor offset, (3) equipment performance degradation, (4) fouling fault, (5) stuck fault, and others. The present study identified seven factors affected HVAC Maintenance performance that increased the energy consumption. These factors are: building design, temperature and humidity sensors, condition of HVAC Units, rules and regulations, engagement with stakeholders and allocation of budgets. Questionnaires were distributed to 150 participants: designers, facility managers and maintenance experts working in companies in Abu Dhabi. Exploratory data analysis using descriptive statistics was used to measure which of the above factors are more important and have significant effects on HVAC maintenance performance and increased the energy consumption. The results showed that the most important factors affecting HVAC system maintenance are: the HVAC system, the building design, and the engagement with stakeholders, in that order

Methods of Preparation of Aromatic Anils

The aim of this study is to to prepare and identify and characterize the aromatic anils (Schiff.s bases or benzylidene aniline) then used for kinetic study that is cooxidation in presence of oxalic acid by chromic acid in acetic acid medium

Impact of Mild versus Moderate Intensity Aerobic Walking Exercise Training on Markers of Bone Metabolism and Hand Grip Strength in Moderate Hemophilic A Patients

Background: Patients with hemophilia A have low bone density than healthy controls. It is now widely recognized that physical activity and sports are beneficial for patients with hemophilia. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of mild and moderate intensity treadmill walking exercises on markers of bone metabolism and hand grip strength in male patients with moderate hemophilia A. Material and Methods: Fifty male patients with moderate hemophilia, their age ranged from 25 to 45 years. The subjects were randomly assigned into 2 equal groups; the first group (A) received moderate intensity aerobic exercise training. The second group (B) received mild intensity aerobic exercise training. Results: There was a 32.1% and 24.8% increase in mean values of Serum Calcium and Hand grip strength respectively and 22.7 % reduction in mean values of parathyroid hormone in moderate exercise training group (A). While, There was a 15.1 % and 15 % increase in mean values of Serum Calcium and Hand grip strength respectively and 10.3 % reduction in mean values of parathyroid hormone in mild exercise training group(B). The mean values of Serum Calcium and Hand grip strength were significantly increased, while the mean values of parathyroid hormone were significantly decreased in both groups .Also, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment. Conclusion: Moderate intensity aerobic exercise training on treadmill is appropriate to improve markers of bone metabolism and hand grip strength in male patients with hemophilia A.Keywords: Aerobic exercise, Markers of Bone Metabolism, Hand Grip Strength, HemophiliaAfrican Health sciences Vol 14 No. 1 March 201

Evolution of Minimally Invasive Adrenal Surgery at a Tertiary Care Centre in Oman

Objective: We reviewed the case records of adrenalectomy cases at our institution between January 2010 and December 2020 and report the outcomes of both open and laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA). Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent adrenal surgery from January 2010 to December 2020. We recorded demographic details, indications, surgical approach, intra operative data and complications. The final pathology and outcome at the last follow up was also documented. Data was analyzed through the SPSS program. Results: Fifty two patients underwent 61 adrenalectomy procedures. Six patients had bilateral procedure and 3 patients underwent redo surgery accounting for 55 subjects. Open adrenalectomy (OA) was performed on 11 patients and 44 patients underwent LA. Majority of the patients (27) were obese having BMI > 30. Functional adenoma was excised in 36 patients with final diagnosis of Conn’s syndrome in 15, Pheochromocytoma in 13 and Cushing syndrome in 9 patients. Five patients had surgery for oncological indications. Nonfunctional adenoma was excised in 13 patients, with a mean size of 8.9 cm (range 4-15 cm). The mean duration of surgery was less in laparoscopic procedure (199 min) compared to open (246 min). The mean estimated blood loss in LA was significantly less (108ml vs 450 ml, p-value < 0.05). Out of 55 subjects only 1 patients developed Clavien-dindo grade 2 complication. Conclusion: At our institution both laparoscopic and open adrenalectomy were safely performed. There is a trend to perform LA and with experience the duration of surgery and EBL are demonstrating positive trend. Keywords: Adrenal Gland Surgery; Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy; Open Adrenalectomy; Pheochromocytoma; Adrenal Metastasis; Nonfunctional Adrenal Tumors; Oman

Surplus de productivité et partage de la valeur ajoutée au Maroc

 Au Maroc, la croissance économique du secteur agricole est tirée davantage par la productivité totale des facteurs tandis que celle du secteur non agricole est tirée principalement par l'accumulation des facteurs de production. Au total, l'économie marocaine a dégagé peu de surplus pendant la période 2000-2014. Ce surplus était majoritairement distribué au facteur de production travail, alors que le facteur capital n’en a pas profité. Le prélèvement, aussi faible qu’il soit, est récupéré par l'extérieur, tandis que l'administration publique n’en profitait presque pas. Dans le secteur agricole, le surplus de productivité est important et est majoritairement distribuable aux facteurs de production, en particulier au capital. En fait, c’est l'extérieur qui tire profit du peu de prélèvement qui existe dans ce secteur, alors que l'administration publique n’en profite presque pas. Dans le secteur non agricole, le surplus de productivité est relativement faible, et ce sont en fait les travailleurs, notamment les salariés, qui ont profité de ce surplus. Le prélèvement est, en moyenne, négatif, vu que le rythme de croissance des prix de la demande intérieure est inférieur à celui des prix de la valeur ajoutée du secteur non agricole. Les termes de l'échange étaient globalement en faveur de l’économie nationale et ni l'administration publique, ni l'extérieur n’ont récupéré une part des gains de surplus de productivité dégagé par ce secteur. Pour ce qui est du partage de la valeur ajoutée dans l’économie totale, la part de la rémunération du travail dans la valeur ajoutée a légèrement baissé entre 2000 et 2014. L'écart entre le surplus de la productivité du travail et le surplus de la productivité de l’économie nationale a contribué dans le sens de la hausse de la part de la rémunération du travail dans la valeur ajoutée nationale. La substitution du capital au travail efficace a contribué dans le sens de la baisse de la part de la rémunération du travail dans la valeur ajoutée nationale. Dans le secteur agricole, la part de la rémunération du travail dans la valeur ajoutée a baissé continuellement entre 2000 et 2014. L'écart entre le surplus de la productivité du travail et le surplus de la productivité du secteur agricole a contribué à cette baisse. La substitution du capital au travail efficace a contribué dans le sens de la hausse de la part de la rémunération du travail dans la valeur ajoutée agricole. Dans le secteur non agricole, la part de la rémunération du travail dans la valeur ajoutée a peu augmenté entre 2000 et 2014. L'écart entre le surplus de la productivité du travail et le surplus de la productivité du secteur non agricole a contribué positivement à cette hausse. En revanche, la substitution du capital au travail efficace a contribué négativement à cette évolution

Glomerular disease and acute kidney injury in Sudan: Demographics, histological diagnosis and outcome

Background. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a relatively common clinical condition, associated with high rates of mortality. Although there is extensive literature on the nature and consequence of AKI in the developed world, much less is known in the developing world and more specifically in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Objectives. To describe the demographics, histological diagnosis and clinical course of patients presenting with AKI to a single centre in Sudan.Methods. Retrospective data were collected on 100 consecutive patients with AKI and an active urinary sediment, who underwent diagnostic native percutaneous renal biopsy.Results. The mean (standard deviation) age of those biopsied was 33.6 (14.1) years of age, with a preponderance (58%) of females. The most common clinical indications for biopsy were AKI associated with haematuria and proteinuria (72%), AKI and proteinuria (22.5%) or AKI and haematuria (5%). The frequencies of the most common primary glomerulonephritides (GN) were focal segmental GN (15%) and mesangiocapillary GN (8%). Lupus nephritis was the most frequent secondary GN associated with AKI (31%) and the most common overall histological diagnosis. Peak creatinine, but not oliguria, at presentation predicted likelihood of remaining dialysis-dependent. Age at presentation but not baseline renal function by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), was associated with the likelihood of having residual chronic kidney disease following an episode of AKI.Conclusions. The data suggested differences in the pattern of intrinsic renal/glomerular disease leading to AKI to those published and mainly derived from the developed world and patients in SSA

An Overview Of Healthcare Administrative, Responsibility With The Optometrist, Nursing And Public Health Settings

A significant amount of resources will be required for large-scale public awareness initiatives about eye and vision health. These efforts will also require a presence from the federal government as well as coordination with a wide range of partners from both the public and commercial sectors. In general, the public awareness campaigns that are the most successful are those that are vast in scope and involve multiple facets. These campaigns typically involve a variety of outreach activities, stakeholders and sponsors, instructional materials, messaging, and media platforms. The responsibility that the healthcare administrator has with regard to the optometry, nursing, and public health sectors was demonstrated throughout this. Nursing in public health is a broad profession with a lack of hard and fast defined boundaries. The public health nurse does not engage in "hands on" nursing; rather, she is concerned with the prevention of illness, damage, or disability, as well as the promotion of health awareness and wellness

Gum Arabic in renal disease (GARDS Study): Clinical evidence of dietary supplementation impact on progression of renal dysfunction

Administration of Gum Arabic (GA) was associated with an increase in estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at three months (pre 24.64 ± 8.89 vs 26.20 ± 10.1p = 0.02). Subsequently there was no significant fall in eGFR. This translated to positive change in Δ eGFR within quarter at three months, (Δ eGFR 4.89 ml/min/year p=<0.001 vs pre) and six months (Δ eGFR 0.79 ml/min/year, p < 0.001 vs pre) compared to pre-intervention values. At 9 and 12 months although the mean Δ eGFR in quarter was negative, this rate of decline in renal function remained significantly less than prior to intervention (9 months Δ eGFR −1.27 ml/min/year, p= <0.001 vs pre, 12 months delta Δ eGFR −1.54 ml/min/year, p < 0.001 vs pre). Similarly, mean reciprocal creatinine, declined by 11% in the pre-intervention period but was no different to the pre-intervention values for the duration of intervention. In conclusion oral administration of Gum Arabic attenuates the rate of decline in renal function