9,144 research outputs found
Economically optimal marine reserves without spatial heterogeneity in a simple two-patch model
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2015. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of John Wiley & Sons for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Natural Resource Modeling 28 (2015): 244-255, doi:10.1111/nrm.12066.Bioeconomic analyses of spatial fishery models have established that marine reserves can be economically optimal (i.e., maximize sustainable profit) when there is some type of spatial heterogeneity in the system. Analyses of spatially continuous models and models with more than two discrete patches have also demonstrated that marine reserves can be economically optimal even when the system is spatially homogeneous. In this note we analyze a spatially homogeneous two-patch model and show that marine reserves can be economically optimal in this case as well. The model we study includes the possibility that fishing can damage habitat. In this model, marine reserves are necessary to maximize sustainable profit when dispersal between the patches is sufficiently high and habitat is especially vulnerable to damage.Graduate Research Fellowship and a Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology Grant Number: DBI-1401332; US National Science Foundation Grant Numbers: OCE-1031256, DEB-1257545, DEB-11450172016-06-2
Habitat damage, marine reserves, and the value of spatial management
Author Posting. © Ecological Society of America, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of Ecological Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Ecological Applications 23 (2013): 959â971, doi:10.1890/12-0447.1.The biological benefits of marine reserves have garnered favor in the conservation community, but âno-takeâ reserve implementation is complicated by the economic interests of fishery stakeholders. There are now a number of studies examining the conditions under which marine reserves can provide both economic and ecological benefits. A potentially important reality of fishing that these studies overlook is that fishing can damage the habitat of the target stock. Here, we construct an equilibrium bioeconomic model that incorporates this habitat damage and show that the designation of marine reserves, coupled with the implementation of a tax on fishing effort, becomes both biologically and economically favorable as habitat sensitivity increases. We also study the effects of varied degrees of spatial control on fisheries management. Together, our results provide further evidence for the potential monetary and biological value of spatial management, and the possibility of a mutually beneficial resolution to the fishermanâconservationist marine reserve designation dilemma.M. G. Neubert acknowledges the support of the
National Science Foundation (DMS-0532378, OCE-1031256)
and a Thomas B. Wheeler Award for Ocean Science and
Society. H. V. Moeller acknowledges support from a National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. This
research is based in part on work supported by Award No.
USA 00002 made by King Abdullah University of Science and
Technology (KAUST)
Creating a new normal: Language education for all
Challenge: Language educators play a significant role as agents of change both within our classrooms and beyond. How can we position languages and help policy-makers and administrators at the local, state, and national levels to value multilingualism and multiculturalism as an integral and essential part of every learnerâs education? What will that ânew normalâ look like?
Abstract: How close are we to the reality of all students having the opportunity to learn another language and gaining support for these efforts from the general public? The answer has a long history, which we point out by referencing articles that span the 50-year history of Foreign Language Annals. From the 1979 Presidentâs Commission on Foreign Language and International Studies report under President Jimmy Carter (Perkins, 1979) to the recent article by Kroll and Dussias (2017) on the benefits of multilingualism, this article tracks ACTFLâs advocacy efforts over the years, including the 2017 launch of the Lead with Languages public awareness campaign and other initiatives such as the Seal of Biliteracy that are rapidly propelling our field closer to a ânew normalâ in the United States where language education is accessible to all and is viewed as essential to the well-being of all Americans
Cosmology in Nonlinear Born-Infeld Scalar Field Theory With Negative Potentials
The cosmological evolution in Nonlinear Born-Infeld(hereafter NLBI) scalar
field theory with negative potentials was investigated. The cosmological
solutions in some important evolutive epoches were obtained. The different
evolutional behaviors between NLBI and linear(canonical) scalar field theory
have been presented. A notable characteristic is that NLBI scalar field behaves
as ordinary matter nearly the singularity while the linear scalar field behaves
as "stiff" matter. We find that in order to accommodate current observational
accelerating expanding universe the value of potential parameters and
must have an {\it upper bound}. We compare different cosmological
evolutions for different potential parameters .Comment: 18 pages, 18 figures, some references added, revised version for
Int.J.Mod.Phys.A, appeared in Int.J.Mod.Phys.
Creating a new normal: Language education for all
How close are we to the reality of all students having the opportunity to learn another language and gaining support for these efforts from the general public? The answer has a long history, which we point out by referencing articles that span the 50âyear history of Foreign Language Annals. From the 1979 Presidentâs Commission on Foreign Language and International Studies report under President Jimmy Carter to the recent article by Kroll and Dussias (2017) on the benefits of multilingualism, this article tracks ACTFLâs advocacy efforts over the years. Most recently, the 2017 launch of the Lead with Languages public awareness campaign and other initiatives such as the Seal of Biliteracy that are rapidly propelling our field closer to a ânew normalâ in the United States where language education is accessible to all and is viewed as essential to the wellâbeing of all Americans
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