The (In)Visible Environment? On Whether We Need Shinrin-yoku, and for What?

The subject of our study is shinrin-yoku practiced by students of the Department of Educational Studies, University of Łódź, as part of a course in art therapy. Our didactic activities and analyses of empirical material (walking journals) are part of art-based research.We understand a park as a consciously shaped landscape, and we consider it as an empirical example of how Radlińska understood the concept of environment. Through their atmosphere parks convey multiple meanings and values, including those shaped by past generations, and the subjects who participate in the park space also form relations with it. Referring to the walking journals and related artwork, we distinguish four idealized types of participation in the park (landscape, environment): closed anthropocentric, open anthropocentric, parallel, and non-anthropocentric/autotelic. We also differentiate three distinct stages of education that shape the competences to participate in the environment: utilitarian, indirect, and non-anthropocentric/dialogical.Przedmiotem naszego namysłu jest shinrin-yoku, praktykowane w ramach zaliczenia przedmiotu z arteterapii przez studentów Wydziału Nauk o Wychowaniu UŁ. Przeprowadzane przez nas działania dydaktyczne i analizy materiału empirycznego (dzienniki spacerów) wpisują się w nurt badań opartych na sztuce.Park rozumiemy jako świadomie kształtowany krajobraz, a ten uznajemy za empiryczny przykład środowiska w rozumieniu Radlińskiej. Poprzez swoje atmosfery parki przenoszą znaczenia i wartości kształtowane także przez minione pokolenia, a w relacje z nimi wchodzą sprawcze podmioty, które w przestrzeni parków uczestniczą. Odnosząc się do dzienników spacerów przygotowanych przez studentów i powiązanych z nimi prac plastycznych, wyróżniamy cztery wyidealizowane typy uczestniczenia w parku (krajobrazie, środowisku): antropocentryczny zamknięty, antropocentryczny otwarty, równoległy, nieantropocentryczny/autoteliczny. Wyróżniamy także trzy etapy edukacji związanej z nabywaniem kompetencji do uczestniczenia w środowisku: utylitarny, pośredni, nieantropocentryczny/dialogiczny

Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age.

The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Contemporary determinants of international relatioos

Z wprowadzenia: "Nauka o stosunkach międzynarodowych nie może się obejść bez systematyzowania i porządkowania omawianej przez siebie niezwykle szerokiej materii. Poszukując odpowiedzi na pytania związane z relacjami pomiędzy uczestnikami interakcji międzynarodowych, nie sposób nie dostrzegać czynników, jakie na nie wpływają, czy to w sposób pośredni czy też bezpośredni, zależny lub niezależny od nich. Wielość tych czynników i zmienność wagi przykładanej do poszczególnych, zależnie od epoki, stwarza konieczność gruntownego badania i wskazywania na najważniejsze z nich, decydujące w danym okresie."(...

Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age

Abstract The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset – with data collected between 2020 and 2022 – to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research

Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age

The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research

The variability of metric characters in the biting lice (Mallophaga) from the pheasants (Phasianus colchicus L.)

The variability of metric characters of 7 examined species to the biting lice, typical for the pheasants, totalled 2-6% for imagines. In some species the coefficients of variability for the measurements of thorax and abdomen reached value of 10%. As a rule, the head dimensions as well as the total lenght of three species had the lowest (to 3%) variability. The nymphs were characterized by the higher coefficients of variability of all examined characters, though also the lowest (3-8%) values were noted for the head dimensions whereas the highest (to 19%) ones for abdomen width. Such high values are probably associated with extending of the abdomen which is slightly sclerotized in the nymphs

OCCURRENCE OF LICE (ANOPLURA) IN RODENTS FROM LOVER SILESIA

Back ground. The data on the lice of small mammals, which can be the vectors of some human pathogens, are rather scarce in Poland. Material. During 2001-2004 an investigation of the lice of rodents was undertaken in the area of Lover Silesia. The research was concentrated on habitat in Masyw Slezy (about 35 km from Wroclaw, popular recreational area) and on two habitats in Wroctaw: in Osobowice (irrigation fields) and Mokry Dwor (water-bearing ground). 105 rodents belonging to three species: Apodemus agrarius (35), Apodemus flavicolis (30) and Clethrionomys glareolus (40) were examined. Results. On 13 individuals of rodents 68 lice (Anoplura) of 3 species were found: Hoplopleura affinis (Burmeister, 1839) — 21 females and 8 male, H. acanthopus (Burmeister, 1839) — 2 females and Polyplax serrata (Burmeister, 1839) — 22 females, 11 male and 4 nymphs. The prevalence of lice infestation was 12.4%; A. agrarius was the most infected rodent (prevalence 25%). The most numerous lice were P. serrata. This species was recorded on A. agrarius (11.4%) and A. flavicolis (3.3%) collected in Wroclaw, and on C. glareolus (2.5%) collected in Masyw Slezy. Only single individuals of P. serrata were found on Apodemus (the mean intensity was 1.25). A big collection (17 females, 11 males and 3 nymphs) was gathered on C. glareolus. H. affinis was found only on a typical host A. agrarius (14.3%) collected in both habitats in Wroctaw (mean intensity 4.75). H. acanthopus was found only on C. glareolus (prevalence 5.0%). No mixed infestation was recorded. Higer infestation of hosts was in habitats of Wroctaw than in Masyw Slezy