The Psychodynamic Limits of Fractured Relationships: When Emotional Tensile Strength is Broken

The Special Session will address factors that lead to the disintegration of once strong partnerships and alliances and outline the psychodynamic limits that lead to fractured relationships. Behavioral constructs employed in a psychiatric medicine setting will be discussed relative to their heuristic value in strategic relationship management setting. Further, the concept of emotional tensile strength will be explored

Internal Marketing Implications of Workplace Bullying: The Integration of Multiple Perspectives

This special session will highlight marketing, behavioral, leadership, and legal perspectives of workplace bullying behavior and how such behavior can negatively affect an individual’s wellbeing and adversely impact an organization’s welfare. The discussion will be couched within an internal marketing framework with special emphasis on strategic implications. Behavioral aspects of those who bully and the impact that their behavior can have on their targets will be given special consideration. Also, various leadership issues that arise in workplace environments with respect to workplace bullying will be explored. Further, an overview of the legal ramifications of workplace bullying will be integrated into the discussion. Additionally, theory advancement and applied research development will be discussed as a means to stimulate additional study of the bullying phenomena. It was during the 1970s that the internal marketing concept emerged. Over time various firms gradually acknowledged the value of internal marketing programs. This adoption of internal marketing initiatives was possible because many firms recognized that internal marketing strategies were a complementary prerequisite for many external marketing efforts. The application of the IM philosophy embraced the marketing concept as it applied to employees within an organization. Under this philosophy, firms sought to recruit and retain talented people who would aspire to build and sustain relationships with customers. Although well-planned visions, missions, products, processes, and procedures were critical to such initiatives, these managerial tools have not necessarily sufficient in assuring an IM-driven environment. The panel members submit that it is also imperative to consider the impact that specific types of personal and organizational behaviors can have on internal marketing outcomes. In so doing, there is a need to recognize and acknowledge negative behaviors that can hamper, or worse yet, sabotage potential individual and group accomplishments that are in keeping with marketing goals. Many times organizations have explicitly stated the adoption of the internal marketing philosophy, The reality is, however, that workplace bullying is one form of negative behavior that may simultaneously exist even in light of noble mission statements, employee appreciation proclamations, and IM programs that declare the adherence to civil actions in a supportive work environment. In the extreme, the disconnections between explicit messages of communications and implicit messages of actions can be flagrant. The severing of organizational communications from organizational actions may manifest itself as transparent duplicity, inherent dishonesty, and disruptive affronts. In severe cases, malfeasance may thrive. The panel members will encourage audience discussion for the purposes of identifying theoretical and applied research issues and for suggesting potential research directions. Further, the SMA audience will be specifically invited to share their insights relative to IM leadership issues and bullying in the workplace. Also, panelists will encourage discussions of workplace bullying within academic settings with an emphasis on structural solutions. Questions and perceptions concerning behavioral issues will be welcomed

What Can Business Leaders Learn from Medical Misdiagnoses?

Mistakes of diagnoses are often topics in medical schools, hospitals and medical practices. These errors can range from the minor and inexpensive to the harmful and costly. According to Johns Hopkins University researchers, devastating errors can lead to permanent damage or death for as many as 160,000 patients yearly. Diagnostic errors, however, may be becoming more preventable as many health-care providers are turning to a number of innovative strategies that are addressing the complicated web of errors, biases, and oversights. Included in innovative changes in medicine are the methods of managing patients’ records through electronic means. These modernizations are often touted as part of an overall plan to provide better health care delivery which in turn will lead to more efficient and effective health outcomes. But with any automation, there are potential downsides, such as information overload. In comparison, business analytics has become a very popular and growing field of operational research with application to many areas of business. Just as in medicine, it is the mission of “big data” to provide targeted and precise information to enhance the probability of making more effective and efficient decisions. Medicine and business have many overlapping concerns around the collection, analysis, and distribution of data. Bringing these professionals together, albeit they work in different contexts, has the possibility for advancing interdisciplinary insights around major decision-making issues that are paramount to both groups. Additionally, many medical professionals are in an ongoing effort to cut down on errors of misdiagnoses through the improvements in communication. Common biases have been identified that can exacerbate physicians making an incorrect diagnosis. For example, last year Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia established a Critical Thinking Program that aims to help identify and analyze critical thinking biases. Physician Pat Crosberry, a researcher on the role of cognitive error in diagnosis, developed a list of 50 different types of biases that lead to diagnostic error. Businesses are often involved in strategic diagnostic research and misdiagnoses in this context are always a concern too. An interdisciplinary discussion of these issues will be discussed by panelists

Auditing perspective of the historical development of internal control

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/dl_proceedings/1184/thumbnail.jp

Polarized light field under dynamic ocean surfaces: Numerical modeling compared with measurements

As part of the Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean (RaDyO) program, we have developed a numerical model for efficiently simulating the polarized light field under highly dynamic ocean surfaces. Combining the advantages of the three-dimensional Monte Carlo and matrix operator methods, this hybrid model has proven to be computationally effective for simulations involving a dynamic air-sea interface. Given water optical properties and ocean surface wave slopes obtained from RaDyO field measurements, model-simulated radiance and polarization fields under a dynamic surface are found to be qualitatively comparable to their counterparts from field measurements and should be quantitatively comparable if the light field measurement and the wave slope/water optical property measurements are appropriately collocated and synchronized. This model serves as a bridge to connect field measurements of water optical properties, wave slopes and polarized light fields. It can also be used as a powerful yet convenient tool to predict the temporal underwater polarized radiance in a real-world situation. When appropriate surface measurements are available, model simulation is shown to reveal more dynamic features in the underwater light field than direct measurements

Animal Agriculture in South Carolina: A Fact Book

Livestock Production/Industries,

Detailed evaluation of the upper airway in the Dp(16)1Yey mouse model of Down syndrome

A high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been reported in Down syndrome (DS) owing to the coexistence of multiple predisposing factors related to its genetic abnormality, posing a challenge for the management of OSA. We hypothesized that DS mice recapitulate craniofacial abnormalities and upper airway obstruction of human DS and can serve as an experimental platform for OSA research. This study, thus, aimed to quantitatively characterize the upper airway as well as craniofacial abnormalities in Dp(16)1Yey (Dp16) mice. Dp16 mice demonstrated craniofacial hypoplasia, especially in the ventral part of the skull and the mandible, and rostrally positioned hyoid. These changes were accompanied with a shorter length and smaller cross-sectional area of the upper airway, resulting in a significantly reduced upper airway volume in Dp16 mice. Our non-invasive approach, a combination of computational fluid dynamics and high-resolution micro-CT imaging, revealed a higher negative pressure inside the airway of Dp16 mice compared to wild-type littermates, showing the potential risk of upper airway collapse. Our study indicated that Dp16 mice can be a useful model to examine the pathophysiology of increased upper airway collapsibility of DS and to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions for breathing and sleep anomalies

One at a time, live tracking of NGF axonal transport using quantum dots

Retrograde axonal transport of nerve growth factor (NGF) signals is critical for the survival, differentiation, and maintenance of peripheral sympathetic and sensory neurons and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. However, the mechanisms by which the NGF signal is propagated from the axon terminal to the cell body are yet to be fully elucidated. To gain insight into the mechanisms, we used quantum dot-labeled NGF (QD-NGF) to track the movement of NGF in real time in compartmentalized culture of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Our studies showed that active transport of NGF within the axons was characterized by rapid, unidirectional movements interrupted by frequent pauses. Almost all movements were retrograde, but short-distance anterograde movements were occasionally observed. Surprisingly, quantitative analysis at the single molecule level demonstrated that the majority of NGF-containing endosomes contained only a single NGF dimer. Electron microscopic analysis of axonal vesicles carrying QD-NGF confirmed this finding. The majority of QD-NGF was found to localize in vesicles 50–150 nm in diameter with a single lumen and no visible intralumenal membranous components. Our findings point to the possibility that a single NGF dimer is sufficient to sustain signaling during retrograde axonal transport to the cell body