Examination of saturation coverage of polygons using random sequential adsorption algorithm

The goal of random sequential adsorption (RSA), a time-dependent packing method, is to create a regular or asymmetric covering of an empty space that can fit in the allocated space without overlapping. The density of coverage tends to reach a limit in the infinite-time limit. We attempt to estimate saturated packing of oriented 2-D polygons, including squares(4-sides), regular pentagons (5-sides), regular hexagons (6-sides), regular heptagons (7-sides), regular octagons (8-sides), regular nonagons (9-sides), regular decagons (10-sides), and regular dodecagons (12-sides), in this study. We obtained results that are consistent with previous, extrapolation-based studies1. We utilised the "separating axis theorem" to determine if there is overlap between arriving polygons and those that have previously been placed. Saturation as a lower limit is considered to have been reached when RSA addition becomes excessively slow, according to us.Comment: 12 Pages, 4 Figure

Elastic-plastic analysis of pressure vessels and rotating disks made of functionally graded materials using the isogeometric approach

An NURBS-based isogeometric analysis for elastic-plastic stress in a cylindrical pressure vessel is presented. The vessel is made of a ceramic/metal functionally graded material, i.e. a particle-reinforced composite. It is assumed that the material plastic deformation follows an isotropic strain-hardening rule based on the von Mises yield criterion. The mechanical properties of the graded material are modelled by the modified rule of mixtures. Selected finite element results are also presented to establish the supporting evidence for validation of the isogeometric analysis. Similar analyses are performed and solutions for spherical pressure vessel and rotating disk made of FGMs are also provided

Random sequential adsorption of aligned regular polygons and rounded squares: Transition in the kinetics of packing growth

We study two-dimensional random sequential adsorption (RSA) of flat polygons and rounded squares aligned in parallel to find a transition in the asymptotic behavior of the kinetics of packing growth. Differences in the kinetics for RSA of disks and parallel squares were confirmed in previous analytical and numerical reports. Here, by analyzing the two classes of shapes in question we can precisely control the shape of packed figures and thus localize the transition. Additionally, we study how the asymptotic properties of the kinetics depend on the packing size. We also provide accurate estimations of saturated packing fractions. The microstructural properties of generated packings are analyzed in terms of the density autocorrelation function.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure

CNC Gel Rheology Meets Mechanical Characteristics

Rheology was used to study the microstructure of cellulose nanocrystal suspensions and hydrogels before, during, and after disturbance. Rheological testing is classified into two types: linear and nonlinear tests. These tests can be carried out with either oscillatory or rotational shear deformations. This manuscript includes recent research on cellulose nanocrystals using rheology to familiarize readers with the generality of these nanoparticles and their flow behavior in aqueous media, as well as to provide a comprehensive overview of current efforts in the literature addressing these materials

Effect of foliar application of α-tocopherol and pyridoxine on vegetative growth, flowering, and some biochemical constituents of Calendula officinalis L. plants

A field experiment was conducted during 2010 at the Experimental Farm of Fajr, SB University of Kerman, Iran. The aim was to study the effects of foliar spray of α-tocopherol (0, 50, 100 part per million (ppm)) and pyridoxine (0, 50, 100 ppm) on vegetative growth, flowering parameters, and some chemical constituents of Calendula officinalis L. plants. Most parameters were significantly affected by application of two vitamins which were used in this study. The obtained results could be summarized as follows; pyridoxine at 100 ppm recorded the best value of leaf area, stem height, chlorophyll b, reducing sugars and hyperoside content; no significant difference was found between plants treated with vitamins in terms of chlorophyll a, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of root; the treatment with α-tocopherol at 100 ppm resulted in the highest yield of seed, fresh and dry aerial parts, as compared to control plants; maximum values of carotenoid were obtained by the application of pyridoxine at 50 ppm; and application of both vitamins led to the reduction of flower diameter.Keyswords: Calendula officinalis L., α-tocopherol, pyridoxin