School Health Organization at Junior High School Attached to the School Education,Okayama University

　岡山大学教育学部附属中学校における学校保健委員会の取組み，および学校保健委員会の資料の養護実習への活用について報告する。附属中学校の学校保健委員会は，①学校保健活動の全体像が理解されること，②課題が明確になる資料を工夫すること，③関係者の共通理解が図られること，の3つの視点から取組まれており，このことが日々の学校保健活動に対する有効な施策を協議するために重要であった。学校保健委員会の資料は同時に，養護実習において学生が学校保健活動を理解するための教材として活用できる

Activity of Health Education at Primary School Attached to the School Education, Okayama University

　附属小学校において，日頃の保健室で児童との関わりから気づいた課題と体育科保健領域とのつながりを意識しながら，歯・口を題材に，からだの発育発達についての保健指導を行った。同時に，養護教諭養成をになう附属小学校として，保健指導に取り組む際のプロセスを明確にすることを目的に，実践の振り返りを行った。指導計画の作成から実践までの過程を，児童の学び，授業者の反省，学級担任の評価についてまとめ，保健指導の展開にいかす視点を検討したので報告する

CRC業務における看護師の専門性の意義に関する検討

治験の質の向上に治験コーディネーター（CRC）業務の充実は不可欠である．今回，CRC業務における看護師としての専門性を解析し，さらに専門性をどのようにCRC 業務の質向上に結びつけるかに関して検討した． 進行期肺癌に対する抗癌剤の治験（２００２．２～２００３．５）を対象に，実際にCRCが行った支援業務の中で，看護師としての専門性が有意義であった項目を解析した． CRC業務を被支援者別に分類すると，被験者２０，医師２２，他部署１９項目となった．うち５項目（インフォムドコンセント同席／説明補助，診察時同席／介助，観察／計測，情報提供，スケジュール管理）が２被支援者にまたがる支援内容であり，いずれも被験者に接する場での業務であった．個々の項目についてCRCの意義を検討すると，この治験は末期癌の患者を対象としていたため，疾患が憎悪するのではないかという不安の中で，同意取得時と４週毎の効果判定時の心理的サポートが，治験の遂行におけるCRCの大きな役割であった．このような治験対象患者への心理的サポートは看護師だからこそできる業務であり，そこにCRC活動における看護師の専門性の意義が認められた． 以上より，被験者に接する場での治験支援活動は，特に看護師の専門性を活かし，治験の質を向上させうるCRC業務であると考えられた．The clinical research coordinator (CRC) coordinates close communication among participants, sponsor and investigators, and plays a crucial role in the efficient progress of clinical trials. In Japan, various occupations, such as nurses, pharmacists, are involved in CRC works in each institution. Besides the common works as CRC, it could be a beneficial strategy to respect speciality of each occupations for promotion of quality of clinical trials. We analyzed nurse specialty in CRC works in a clinical trial for approval of a drug for lung cancer at Tokushima University Hospital. In 28 patients who gave informed consent for the clinical trial, 5 patients did not fulfill the criteria, and 21 patients were withdrawn from the study, because of adverse events or disease progression during the trial. We retrospectively analyzed and classified functions of CRC into three categories, support for patients, support for investigators and support for others, and found 20 roles, 22 roles and 19 roles in each category, respectively. Five roles, assistance in informed consent, assistance in physical examinations, measurement of various markers, disclosure of information and schedule management, were commonly included in support for patients and in support for investigators. Among various roles classified into three categories, the five roles commonly observed in two categories seems to be important. Since care for the participants is essential in these roles, promotion of quality in these roles in clinical trials though the nurse speciality can be considered as a suitable strategy for the better implementation of clinical trials

人工廃水を用いた衛生工学実験の実施と課題

We suggest that using the artificial wastewater for the experiments in sanitary engineering. The wastewater from the septic tank of our college is used on the experiments in sanitary engineering for 4th year students in department of civil engineering. The safety management was concerned for sanitary conditions. Therefore, the artificial wastewater with peptone, NaCl and kaolin was used for the experiments in sanitary engineering. The similar data were obtained at 15 kinds of water quality analysis, when we used the wastewater from the septic tank. However, the difference of NH3-N and PO4-P data were higher as compared with the wastewater from the septic tank data. The method of explanation for the artificial wastewater has to be improve. These results indicate that using the artificial wastewater on the experiments in sanitary engineering has a few improvement

佐世保市民における食育の認知及び実践

佐世保市では平成18年に｢佐世保市食育推進計画｣を策定し､食育に取り組んできた｡本報告では平成18年からの5か年で佐世保市民の食育に関する知識や食生活がどのように変化したのかを平成22年9月に行った｢食育に関するｱﾝｹｰﾄ調査｣の結果を基に検討し､今後の食育推進における資料を得ることを目的とした｡食育に関する知識は平成18年と比較すると広く普及していたが､食生活の改善に結びついていない項目も多くみられた｡また､食生活の改善には食育の取り組みを行うという意識を持つことが最も重要であることが示されたが､食育に関する知識がない者も正しい知識を得ることで､改善する可能性が示された｡以上のことより､佐世保市においては今後も継続した食育の推進を図ることが必要であり､食生活の改善のためには､食育に取り組むことを目指すだけでなく､食育に関する正しい知識の普及が重要であることが示された｡“Sasebo Food Education Promotion Plan”was designed in 2006 in Sasebo city and then incorporated into food education. Subsequently, after 5 years, a“questionnaire survey related to food education”was conducted in September 2010 in order to examine whether there was a change in the dietary habits and dietary knowledge of the residents of Sasebo city. The objective of the present report was to obtain a future data regarding the promotion of food education on the basis of the results of the questionnaire administered in 2010.The information about food education is spreading widely now, as compared to 2006. However, many instances not related to the improvement of dietary habits were found. Moreover, it was indicated that in order to improve dietary habits, one has to be aware of incorporating the food education plan in his or her life, but the right dietary knowledge should be provided to people who do not have any knowledge regarding this.Therefore, in future, a plan for continuous promotion of food education should be designed in Sasebo city, and it should not only be incorporated in food education, but the right information should be imparted in order to improve the dietary habits

佐世保市の食育に関するｱﾝｹｰﾄ調査報告(学齢期)

近年の子どもたちを取り巻く社会環境においては､朝食欠食や偏食等にみられるような不規則な食生活など､様々な問題が提起されている1-4)｡平成17年に食育基本法が公布され､佐世保市においても､平成18年度に｢佐世保市食育推進計画｣(平成18年度～平成22年度)6) を作成し､食育の推進に努めてきた｡この食育推進計画における目標値の達成状況を把握するために｢食育に関するｱﾝｹｰﾄ調査｣7) を行った｡本報告においては､特に学齢期の子どもを対象とした調査結果および数値目標との比較を行った｡その結果､計画策定時の状態よりも改善されている事項が多く､食育推進の取組の効果があった｡ただし､目標値にまだ達していないことから､今後も継続した食育推進の取組が必要であり､それには､家庭や教育機関､社会など環境が関与する必要があることが示唆された｡Children in recent years are irregular eating habits in breakfast skipping a meal or an unbalanced diet, and have become a social problem. The basic law on nutritional education was proclaimed in 2005, the Sasebo food education promotion plan was drawn up also in Sasebo in 2006, and it has striven for promotion of food education. In this food education promotion plan, the questionnaire about food education was performed to the original investigation, and the progress which is a plan was checked. Especially this report compared results of an investigation and a desired value for the school age child. As a result, there were many improving points as an effect of a food education promotion plan. However, since a desired value has not been reached yet, the continued food education promotion is required. And it was suggested to goal achievement that the influence of a home, educational facilities, and society is a theme

Influence of Liver Intoxication by Carbon Tetrachloride or D-Galactosamine on Absorption of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Dextran-10 and Other Marker Compounds with Different Molecular Weights from the Rat Liver Surface

We examined the influence of liver disease on the absorption from the liver surface of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran 10 (FD-10, MW: 11000) and several marker compounds with different molecular weights. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of liver surface application of macromolecular compounds in the disease state. We used male Wistar rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or D-galactosamine (GAL). FD-10 and other marker compounds were applied to the liver surface using a cylindrical diffusion cell in liver-intoxicated rats. The blood, bile, urine, and the remaining solution in the diffusion cell were collected for assay. FD-10 was absorbed by first-order kinetics from the liver surface in the liver-intoxicated rat models. The calculated rate constant ka values in the normal, CCl4 and GAL groups were 0.000965, 0.00125 and 0.00104 min-1, respectively. Increased absorption of FITC-dextrans in the liverintoxicated rats was observed. In both CCl4 and GAL groups, an inverse relationship was observed between the molecular weight and ka from the rat liver surface of the marker compounds. The limits of the molecular weight absorbed from the liver surface were extrapolated to be 71200, 135000, and 105000 in the normal, CCl4, and GAL groups, respectively. In conclusion, increased absorbability from the rat liver surface indicates that liver surface application for liver targeting of macromolecules in the diseased state is indeed feasible. Therefore, our findings can support further research on liver surface application of drugs under liver disease

Influence of Liver Intoxication by Carbon Tetrachloride or D-Galactosamine on Absorption of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Dextran-10 and Other Marker Compounds with Different Molecular Weights from the Rat Liver Surface

We examined the influence of liver disease on the absorption from the liver surface of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran 10 (FD-10, MW: 11000) and several marker compounds with different molecular weights. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of liver surface application of macromolecular compounds in the disease state. We used male Wistar rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or D-galactosamine (GAL). FD-10 and other marker compounds were applied to the liver surface using a cylindrical diffusion cell in liver-intoxicated rats. The blood, bile, urine, and the remaining solution in the diffusion cell were collected for assay. FD-10 was absorbed by first-order kinetics from the liver surface in the liver-intoxicated rat models. The calculated rate constant ka values in the normal, CCl4 and GAL groups were 0.000965, 0.00125 and 0.00104 min-1, respectively. Increased absorption of FITC-dextrans in the liverintoxicated rats was observed. In both CCl4 and GAL groups, an inverse relationship was observed between the molecular weight and ka from the rat liver surface of the marker compounds. The limits of the molecular weight absorbed from the liver surface were extrapolated to be 71200, 135000, and 105000 in the normal, CCl4, and GAL groups, respectively. In conclusion, increased absorbability from the rat liver surface indicates that liver surface application for liver targeting of macromolecules in the diseased state is indeed feasible. Therefore, our findings can support further research on liver surface application of drugs under liver disease