2,959 research outputs found
Monte Carlo Methods for Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Problems in Interfacial Electrochemistry
We present a tutorial discussion of Monte Carlo methods for equilibrium and
nonequilibrium problems in interfacial electrochemistry. The discussion is
illustrated with results from simulations of three specific systems: bromine
adsorption on silver (100), underpotential deposition of copper on gold (111),
and electrodeposition of urea on platinum (100).Comment: RevTex, 14 pages, 8 figures. To appear in book _Interfacial
Electrochemisty
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Cas9+ conditionally-immortalized macrophages as a tool for bacterial pathogenesis and beyond.
Macrophages play critical roles in immunity, development, tissue repair, and cancer, but studies of their function have been hampered by poorly-differentiated tumor cell lines and genetically-intractable primary cells. Here we report a facile system for genome editing in non-transformed macrophages by differentiating ER-Hoxb8 myeloid progenitors from Cas9-expressing transgenic mice. These conditionally immortalized macrophages (CIMs) retain characteristics of primary macrophages derived from the bone marrow yet allow for easy genetic manipulation and a virtually unlimited supply of cells. We demonstrate the utility of this system for dissection of host genetics during intracellular bacterial infection using two important human pathogens: Listeria monocytogenes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
A metamorphic inorganic framework that can be switched between eight single-crystalline states
The design of highly flexible framework materials requires organic linkers, whereas inorganic materials are more robust but inflexible. Here, by using linkable inorganic rings made up of tungsten oxide (P8W48O184) building blocks, we synthesized an inorganic single crystal material that can undergo at least eight different crystal-to-crystal transformations, with gigantic crystal volume contraction and expansion changes ranging from −2,170 to +1,720 Å3 with no reduction in crystallinity. Not only does this material undergo the largest single crystal-to-single crystal volume transformation thus far reported (to the best of our knowledge), the system also shows conformational flexibility while maintaining robustness over several cycles in the reversible uptake and release of guest molecules switching the crystal between different metamorphic states. This material combines the robustness of inorganic materials with the flexibility of organic frameworks, thereby challenging the notion that flexible materials with robustness are mutually exclusive
Nucleotide Frequencies in Human Genome and Fibonacci Numbers
This work presents a mathematical model that establishes an interesting
connection between nucleotide frequencies in human single-stranded DNA and the
famous Fibonacci's numbers. The model relies on two assumptions. First,
Chargaff's second parity rule should be valid, and, second, the nucleotide
frequencies should approach limit values when the number of bases is
sufficiently large. Under these two hypotheses, it is possible to predict the
human nucleotide frequencies with accuracy. It is noteworthy, that the
predicted values are solutions of an optimization problem, which is commonplace
in many nature's phenomena.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure
Numerical Confirmation of Late-time t^{1/2} Growth in Three-dimensional Phase Ordering
Results for the late-time regime of phase ordering in three dimensions are
reported, based on numerical integration of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau
equation with nonconserved order parameter at zero temperature. For very large
systems () at late times, the characteristic length grows
as a power law, , with the measured in agreement with the
theoretically expected result to within statistical errors. In this
time regime is found to be in excellent agreement with the analytical
result of Ohta, Jasnow, and Kawasaki [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 49}, 1223 (1982)].
At early times, good agreement is found between the simulations and the
linearized theory with corrections due to the lattice anisotropy.Comment: Substantially revised and enlarged, submitted to PR
Precision Measurement of PArity Violation in Polarized Cold Neutron Capture on the Proton: the NPDGamma Experiment
The NPDGamma experiment at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is
dedicated to measure with high precision the parity violating asymmetry in the
emission after capture of spin polarized cold neutrons in
para-hydrogen. The measurement will determine unambiguously the weak
pion-nucleon-nucleon () coupling constant {\it f}Comment: Proceedings of the PANIC'05 Conference, Santa Fe, NM, USA, October
24-28, 2005, 3 pages, 2 figure
Black Holes and the SYM Phase Diagram
Making combined use of the Matrix and Maldacena conjectures, the relation
between various thermodynamic transitions in super Yang-Mills (SYM) and
supergravity is clarified. The thermodynamic phase diagram of an object in DLCQ
M-theory in four and five non-compact space dimensions is constructed; matrix
strings, matrix black holes, and black -branes are among the various phases.
Critical manifolds are characterized by the principles of correspondence and
longitudinal localization, and a triple point is identified. The microscopic
dynamics of the Matrix string near two of the transitions is studied; we
identify a signature of black hole formation from SYM physics.Comment: 36 pages, latex; 6 eps figure
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