Spatial entanglement of paired photons generated in cold atomic ensembles

Cold atomic ensembles can mediate the generation of entanglement between pairs of photons. Photons with specific directions of propagation are detected, and the entanglement can reside in any of the degrees of freedom that describe the whole quantum state of the photons: polarization, spatial shape or frequency. We show that the direction of propagation of the generated photons determines the spatial quantum state of the photons and therefore, the amount of entanglement generated. When photons generated in different directions are combined, this spatial distinguishing information can degrade the quantum purity of the polarization or frequency entanglement.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. A.; one figure (Fig. 3) was added, typos and labels in figure 2 were correcte

Negative Spaces: Bringing Indigenous women to the forefront of archaeological research in the lower Great Lakes region

Indigenous women are underrepresented and/or stereotyped in the archaeological record with cultural remains often being interpreted as being inherently male. Previous to contemporary decolonial and feminist research, dominant androcentric and colonial frameworks were highly influential within the discipline and distorted the Indigenous past through the use of limited historical documents provided by colonizers. This reliance on primary colonial documentation has led to a restrictive interpretation of the past. Archaeological research that employs androcentric and colonial lenses negatively affects Indigenous women, both historically and contemporarily, by excluding them from their own histories and controlling public narratives. By providing a meta-analysis of trade goods in conjunction with contextualizing European’s imperious interpretations, this paper works to highlight potential roles that Indigenous women occupied and the ways in which they affected material culture that may not have been considered previously. Contrary to past interpretations of trade goods, it appears as though women would have had direct and long-term use with these materials, even having the potential to influence the types of commodities tradesmen brought to the metaphorical table

Beach morphodynamics and types of foredune erosion generated by storms along the Emilia-Romagna coastline, Italy

The objectives of this study are to examine the response of a dune and beach system on the Adriatic coastline in northern Italy to the arrival of storms, compare it with seasonal (months) and medium-term (3-year) morphodynamic change, and evaluate results predicted by the numerical model XBeach. The studied coastline stretches 4 km from the Bevano River mouth to the north of the site to the township of Lido di Classe to the south, where the beach is protected by coastal structures. Fieldwork consisted of topographic profile surveys using RTK-DGPS technology (7 times over an approx. 3-year period). 103 samples of surface sediment were collected along 20 of the cross-shore profiles at 6 distinct cross-shore positions, selected on the basis of morphological beach characteristics. Data analyses of dune and beach slopes enabled the study area to be divided into 6 separate morphological zones using the spatial (longshore and cross-shore) variation of morphologies located on the backshore and intertidal beach observed in a preliminary survey of the area. Other criteria were a spatial consistency in beach slopes and/or presence/absence of intertidal morphologies identified in the aerial photographs and Lidar data. The swash zone slope did not show any significant variability for the entire area. A weak seasonal trend in the variability of the mean foredune slope was observed, with steeper slopes typically during winter and flatter slopes during summer. Analysis of grain size revealed that the beach sediment is well-sorted fine sand tending to medium, with a decreasing trend in size from the Bevano River mouth southwards towards Lido di Classe. According to the Masselink and Short (1993) classification, the natural part of the study site has an Intermediate Barred Beach (IBB) and following the Short (1999) classification, results in a modally LBT (longshore bar-trough) or LTT (low tide terrace) with a small section being TBR (transverse bar and rip). Storms are considered the main factor controlling changes in the beach and dune slope. The most significant storm was recorded in March 2010 with a peak significant wave height of 3.91 m. Contrary to the seasonal dune trend, several foredune slopes were observed to flatten following this event, which can be attributed to the action of dune slumping from the already weakened dune state. Modelling of foredune erosion, using a process-based model (XBeach), reproduced the erosion of the upper beach and dune toe reasonably well, but is currently limited by the acceptable slope value for dune stability, which does not account for biotic factors (e.g. plant roots). The comparison between the storm impact categories of Sallenger (2000) and the DSF (Dune Stability Factor) of Armaroli et al. (2012) shows a very good correspondence between the effects of the winter 2008–2009 storms and the vulnerability of the dune system predicted using both classifications

Solute sources and geochemical processes in Subglacial Lake Whillans, West Antarctica

Subglacial Lake Whillans (SLW), West Antarctica, is an active component of the subglacial hydrological network located beneath 800 m of ice. The fill and drain behavior of SLW leads to long (years to decades) water residence times relative to those in mountain glacier systems. Here, we present the aqueous geochemistry of the SLW water column and pore waters from a 38-cm-long sediment core. Stable isotopes indicate that the water is primarily sourced from basal-ice melt with a minor contribution from seawater that reaches a maximum of ~6% in pore water at the bottom of the sediment core. Silicate weathering products dominate the crustal (non-seawater) component of lake- and pore-water solutes, and there is evidence for cation exchange processes within the clay-rich lake sediments. The crustal solute component ranges from 6 meq L -1 in lake waters to 17 meq L -1 in the deepest pore waters. The porewater profiles of the major dissolved ions indicate a more concentrated solute source at depth (>38 cm). The combination of significant seawater and crustal components to SLW lake and sediment pore waters in concert with ion exchange processes result in a weathering regime that contrasts with other subglacial systems. The results also indicate cycling of marine water sourced from the sediments back to the ocean during lake drainage events

The Iowa Homemaker vol.21, no.2

Rejuvenation, Editor, page 1 The Union Way, Dorothy Ann Klein, page 2 Spices Feel War’s Sting, Clara Collar, page 4 The Institution Management Department, Margaret Read, page 5 Food for 5000, Margaret Mitchell, page 6 Sally’s Ready for Play, Dorothy Roost, page 8 Food Work Proves Intriguing, Ruth Kunerth, page 10 What’s New in Home Economics, page 12 Speaking of Veishea, Virginia Daley, page 14 Novelties in Dining Out, Elizabeth Murfield, page 15 Aluminum Is Drafted, Stuart Swensson, page 16 Alums in the News, Mary Sather, page 19 Campers Must Eat, Doris Plagge, page 20 Behind Bright Jackets, Julie Wendel, page 21 Journalistic Spindles, Mary Schmidt, page 2

Serum IGF-1 is insufficient to restore skeletal size in the total absence of the growth hormone receptor

States of growth hormone (GH) resistance, such those observed in Laron dwarf patients, are characterized by mutations in the GH receptor (GHR), decreased serum and tissue IGF-1 levels, impaired glucose tolerance, and impaired skeletal acquisition. IGF-1 replacement therapy in such patients increases growth velocity but does not normalize growth. Herein we combined the GH-resistant (GHR knockout [GHRKO]) mouse model with mice expressing the hepatic Igf-1 transgene (HIT) to generate the GHRKO-HIT mouse model. In GHRKO-HIT mice, serum IGF-1 levels were restored via transgenic expression of Igf-1, allowing us to study how endocrine IGF-1 affects growth, metabolic homeostasis, and skeletal integrity. We show that in a GH-resistant state, normalization of serum IGF-1 improved body adiposity and restored glucose tolerance but was insufficient to support normal skeletal growth, resulting in an osteopenic skeletal phenotype. The inability of serum IGF-1 to restore skeletal integrity in the total absence of GHR likely resulted from reduced skeletal Igf-1 gene expression, blunted GH-mediated effects on the skeleton that are independent of serum or tissue IGF-1, and poor delivery of IGF-1 to the tissues. These findings are consistent with clinical data showing that IGF-I replacement therapy in patients with Laron syndrome does not achieve full skeletal growth.Fil: Wu, Yingjie. University Of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Sun, Hui. University Of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Basta Pljakic, Jelena. City College of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Cardoso, Luis. City College of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Kennedy, Oran D.. City College of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Jasper, Hector Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Domene, Horacio Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Karabatas, Liliana Margarita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Guida, María Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Schaffler, Mitchell B.. City College of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Rosen, Clifford J.. Maine Medical Center Research Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Yakar, Shoshana. University Of New York; Estados Unido

Global Call to Action to scale-up coverage of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: seminar report

In 2014, a global 'Call to Action' seminar for the scale-up of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy was held during the 63rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. This report summarizes the presentations and main discussion points from the meeting

Student Experiences With an International Public Health Exchange Project

With growing interconnectivity of healthcare systems worldwide and increased immigration, inappropriate cultural and role assumptions are often seen when cultures clash within a country or when there is practice across country boundaries in times of disaster and during international travel. To increase students' multicultural awareness and work experiences abroad, the authors describe a 7-school, 5-country international student exchange project. The authors also share the students' evaluations of their experiences as they are challenged to erase boundaries and embrace nursing across countries. Participating faculty describe the process, challenges, and keys to success found in creating and living this international project. Students involved in the exchange process evaluate the learning opportunities and challenges and the joy of coming together as newfound colleagues and friends