A possible association between medial depression of mandibular ramus and maximum bite force

Background: Medial depression of the mandibular ramus (MDMR) is an anatomical depression with unknown aetiology and described as a result of a slender mandibular ramus in the area of the mandibular notch. It is suggested that MDMR may be due to variations in muscle functions. The aim of this study is to compare the bite force of patients with and without MDMR detected on panoramic radiographs. Materials and methods: One hundred and ten patients (55 women and 55 men; mean age 22.69 ± 2.85 years) participated in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of MDMR. Bite force of 55 patients with MRMD and 55 patients without MDMR were determined using a bite force sensor. Non-parametric tests were used to assess differences between groups. Results: Measurements showed statistically significant differences in bite force between genders (p = 0.00) with men having higher values (535.98 ± 187.85 N) than women (363.59 ± 139.56 N). The mean bite force in the sides with and without MDMR was 538.19 ± 196.94 N and 396.22 ± 157.69 N, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between groups with and without MDMR (p = 0.00). There was no statistically significant difference in bite force between groups according to Angle’s classification (p = 0.581).Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of MDMR may be an indicator of high muscle activity. Patients with MDMR should be carefully examined for the risk of relapse prior to any surgical intervention

Influence of long-range dipolar interactions on the phase stability and hysteresis shapes of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric multilayers

Phase transition and field driven hysteresis evolution of a two-dimensional Ising grid consisting of ferroelectric-antiferroelectric multilayers that take into account the long range dipolar interactions were simulated by a Monte-Carlo method. Simulations were carried out for a 1+1 bilayer and a 5+5 superlattice. Phase stabilities of components comprising the structures with an electrostatic-like coupling term were also studied. An electrostatic-like coupling, in the absence of an applied field, can drive the ferroelectric layers towards 180º domains with very flat domain interfaces mainly due to the competition between this term and the dipole-dipole interaction. The antiferroelectric layers do not undergo an antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric transition under the influence of an electrostatic-like coupling between layers as the ferroelectric layer splits into periodic domains at the expense of the domain wall energy. The long-range interactions become significant near the interfaces. For high periodicity structures with several interfaces, the interlayer long-range interactions substantially impact the configuration of the ferroelectric layers while the antiferroelectric layers remain quite stable unless these layers are near the Neel temperature. In systems investigated with several interfaces, the hysteresis loops do not exhibit a clear presence of antiferroelectricity that could be expected in the presence of anti-parallel dipoles, i. e., the switching takes place abruptly. Some recent experimental observations in ferroelectric-antiferroelectric multilayers are discussed where we conclude that the different electrical properties of bilayers and superlattices are not only due to strain effects alone but also long-range interactions. The latter manifests itself particularly in superlattices where layers are periodically exposed to each other at the interfaces

Reprogrammed Transcriptome in Rhesus-Bovine Interspecies Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos

Global activation of the embryonic genome (EGA), one of the most critical steps in early mammalian embryo development, is recognized as the time when interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) embryos fail to thrive.In this study, we analyzed the EGA-related transcriptome of rhesus-bovine iSCNT 8- to 16-cell embryos and dissected the reprogramming process in terms of embryonic gene activation, somatic gene silencing, and maternal RNA degradation. Compared with fibroblast donor cells, two thousand and seven genes were activated in iSCNT embryos, one quarter of them reaching expression levels comparable to those found in in vitro fertilized (IVF) rhesus embryos. This suggested that EGA in iSCNT embryos had partially recapitulated rhesus embryonic development. Eight hundred and sixty somatic genes were not silenced properly and continued to be expressed in iSCNT embryos, which indicated incomplete nuclear reprogramming. We compared maternal RNA degradation in bovine oocytes between bovine-bovine SCNT and iSCNT embryos. While maternal RNA degradation occurred in both SCNT and iSCNT embryos, we saw more limited overall degradation of maternal RNA in iSCNT embryos than in SCNT embryos. Several important maternal RNAs, like GPF9, were not properly processed in SCNT embryos.Our data suggested that iSCNT embryos are capable of triggering EGA, while a portion of somatic cell-associated genes maintain their expression. Maternal RNA degradation seems to be impaired in iSCNT embryos. Further understanding of the biological roles of these genes, networks, and pathways revealed by iSCNT may expand our knowledge about cell reprogramming, pluripotency, and differentiation

Trifid mandibular nerve canal

The location and configuration of the mandibular canal are important in surgical procedures involving the mandible. Bifid mandibular canal (BMC) and trifid mandibular canal (TMC) are variations of the normal anatomy. In the literature, occurrence of TMC is much rarer than BMC that only a few cases have been reported. These variations can be detected on a panoramic radiograph however more precise information about the course of the mandibular canal can be revealed on cross-sectional tomographic images. This paper presents a rare case of TMC evaluated by panoramic radiograph and CBCT. The main purpose of this case report is to pay attention to an apparently harmful anomaly, which can induce complications while surgical procedures

A possible association between medial depression of mandibular ramus and maximum bite force

Adisen, Mehmet Zahit/0000-0002-5493-8390WOS: 000452416600014PubMed: 29569700Background: Medial depression of the mandibular ramus (MDMR) is an anatomical depression with unknown aetiology and described as a result of a slender mandibular ramus in the area of the mandibular notch. It is suggested that MDMR may be due to variations in muscle functions. The aim of this study is to compare the bite force of patients with and without MDMR detected on panoramic radiographs. Materials and methods: One hundred and ten patients (55 women and 55 men; mean age 22.69 +/- 2.85 years) participated in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of MDMR. Bite force of 55 patients with MRMD and 55 patients without MDMR were determined using a bite force sensor. Non-parametric tests were used to assess differences between groups. Results: Measurements showed statistically significant differences in bite force between genders (p = 0.00) with men having higher values (535.98 +/- 187.85 N) than women (363.59 +/- 139.56 N). The mean bite force in the sides with and without MDMR was 538.19 +/- 196.94 N and 396.22 +/- 157.69 N, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between groups with and without MDMR (p = 0.00). There was no statistically significant difference in bite force between groups according to Angle's classification (p = 0.581). Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of MDMR may be an indicator of high muscle activity. Patients with MDMR should be carefully examined for the risk of relapse prior to any surgical intervention

The Importance of Early Diagnosis of Gardner's syndrome in Dental Examination

Adisen, Mehmet Zahit/0000-0002-5493-8390WOS: 000424796100021PubMed: 29411735Gardner syndrome (GS) is a rare genetic disorder. Dentists play an important role in diagnosis considering that craniomaxillofacial osteomas are a major criteria for GS. We report a 26-year-old male patient who referred to our department with toothache. On routine panoramic radiographic examination, multiple radiopaque masses were detected incidentally. In addition, on extraoral examination, a soft tissue tumor was detected on his shoulder. The patient was referred to the gastroenterology department and intestinal polyps were detected in the colon. Histopathology report revealed malignant changes in the intestinal polyps. Early colectomy, which is a life-saving operation, was possible because of our early diagnosis

Diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia in a dental hospital; report of a case with severe gingival hypertrophy

Yilmaz, Selmi/0000-0001-9546-6548; Adisen, Mehmet Zahit/0000-0002-5493-8390; Yilmaz, Selmi/0000-0001-9546-6548WOS: 000354771900025PubMed: 25966736Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) are aggressive hematopoietic neoplasms that, if untreated, can lead to death within days. Owing to its high morbidity rate, early diagnosis and appropriate medical therapy is essential. Oral lesions may be the presenting feature of acute leukemias and are, therefore, important diagnostic indicators of the disease. Erythematous or cyanotic gingival hyperplasia with or without necrosis is reported to be the most consistent symptom leading to a diagnosis of acute leukemia that directs the patient to seek early dental consultation. This report refers to a patient with AML that was provisionally diagnosed in the dental hospital due to severe gingival enlargements