Changes in the Distribution of Temperature in a Coal Deposit and the Composition of Gases Emitted during Its Heating and Cooling

This article presents the results of tests conducted on a measuring system for monitoring changes in the distribution of temperature in a coal deposit during the heating and cooling phases, and their correlation with the analysis of the concentration of gases. The tests were conducted on five samples of hard coal collected in deposits mined in Poland. Measurements of the changes in temperature and changes in gas concentration were conducted from the temperature of 35 to 300 C, for the heating phase, and from 300 to 35 C, for the cooling phase. The percentage share of coal of given temperatures was calculated. When comparing the percentage share for the same temperature in the hot spot, for the heating and cooling phase, significant differences in the distribution of the given percentages were observed. Changes in gas concentrations during heating and cooling were analyzed and the dynamics of changes in gas concentrations were determined for the coals tested. Changes in the values of fire hazard indices were analyzed. There were significant differences in the concentration of gases and the values of fire hazard indices between the heating and the coolin

Topological phase transition for a quantum rotor Bose-Einstein condensate

We investigate the properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of $F=1$ $^{87}$Rb atoms in a 2D spin-dependent optical lattice potential generated by intersecting laser beams with a superposition of polarizations. For $^{87}$Rb, where the total electronic angular momentum is $J = 1/2$, the effective interaction of an atom with the electromagnetic field contains a scalar potential $V$ and a vector potential (often called fictitious magnetic field). The Rb atoms behave as a quantum rotor (QR) with angular momentum given by the sum of the atomic motion rotational angular momentum around the lattice minima and the atomic hyperfine spin $F$. Properties of the QR are strongly affected when an external magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of QR motion is applied. A topological phase transition occurs as the ratio of the external transverse magnetic field to fictitious magnetic field exceeds critical value. At such a quantum phase transition the symmetry of the ground state changes and is expressed in the change of the spin texture.Comment: 5 pages + Supplemental materia

Atoms in a spin-dependent optical lattice potential as a topological insulator with broken time-reversal symmetry

We investigate fermionic $^{6}$Li $F= 1/2$ atoms in a 2D spin-dependent optical lattice potential (SDOLP) generated by intersecting laser beams with a superposition of polarizations. The effective interaction of a Li atom with the electromagnetic field contains a scalar and vector (called as fictitious magnetic field, ${\bf B}_\mathrm{fic}$) contribution. We calculate the band structure of Li atoms in the SDOLP as a function of the laser intensity and an external magnetic field ${\bf B}_{\mathrm{ext}} = B_{\mathrm{ext}} {\hat {\bf z}}$. We also calculate the Chern numbers of the SDOLP and show that depending on $B_{\mathrm{ext}}$, the system is an ordinary insulator, an Abeliean topological insulator (TI), or a non-Abelian TI. Introducing a blue-detuned laser potential, $V_{\mathrm{BD}}(y) = V_{\mathrm{BD},0}(y) \Theta (|y| - L_y/2)$, results in edges for the SDOL. We calculate the resulting edge states (some of which are topological) and study their density, current density, spin-current density and correlate the edge states with the Chern numbers.Comment: 5 pages, 4 eps figures and Supplementary material

Trichrome Mallory's stain may indicate differential rates of RNA synthesis in eutopic and ectopic endometrium.

Mallory's triple staining is a histochemical technique used mainly for analysing connective tissues and glands and other tissues. We have described the differences in the nuclear staining between eutopic and ectopic endometrium as well as endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma using the Mallory's method. The ultrastructural differences between eutopic and ectopic endometrium have been detected. In normal and hyperplastic endometrium the presence of stromal cell nuclei with an increased affinity to aniline blue has been observed. The affinity has disappeared after digestion of tissues with RNase. In cases of endometriosis, independently of cell types, the nuclei have shown affinity to orange G. Similar effects in adenocarcinoma have been noted. The ultrastructural studies have shown that in normal endometrium the stroma contained cells with euchromatic and low electron density cell nuclei. In endometriosis heterochromatic cell nuclei present both in the stroma and within glands have been detected. The results indicate that the Mallory's technique may be a useful tool for recognizing the differences between eutopic and ectopic endometrium. The affinity for aniline blue in normal and hyperplastic endometrium occurs most likely due to increased RNA synthesis. Based on Mallory's staining a similarity between hyperplasia and unchanged endometrium in contrast to similar results of the staining obtained in cases of adenocarcinoma and endometriosis may be suggested

Istota środowiska refleksyjno-edukacyjnego w profesjonalnym przygotowaniu nauczycieli muzyki : konfrontacje polsko-ukraińskie

The article discusses the problem of creating an environment conducive to shaping the attitude of reflexivity of future music teachers. The work presents the achievements in this area by institutes in selected universities in Poland and Ukraine. The conditions for creating pedagogical self-sufficiency of students were the subject of consideration. The authors describe the essence of such concepts as “pedagogical self-efficacy”, “pedagogical reflection”, “evaluation environment” and their approximation in the process of increasing a teacher’s professionalism. They thus clarified the essence of the pedagogical effectiveness of their own educator–musicians and showed the place and role of the reflective and evaluation environment in the process of its formation

Validation of the sensitivity analysis method of coordinate measurement uncertainty evaluation

The paper presents the results of the tests carried out to validate a new method for evaluating the uncertainty of coordinate measurements categorised as the Sensitivity Analysis (SA). This method concerns measuring dimensions and geometrical deviations. Measurement uncertainty is evaluated on the basis of information given in the Maximum Permissible Error (MPE) formula for a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). Measurement models express the measured characteristics as a function of differences of coordinates of a small number of appropriately selected points of the workpiece. If reverification test results for the CMM used are available, then the estimated uncertainty takes into account the actual accuracy of the CMM. General formulae are given to calculate the uncertainty of measurement of a circle diameter and coaxiality. The relevant experiment is based on ISO 15530-3 recommendations. A calibrated cylindrical square was used for validation. 17 circles’ diameters and 84 different combinations of datum length and distance of the toleranced element from the datum for measuring coaxiality were adopted as validated characteristics. The validation results are presented in tables and graphs and the chi-square test for equality of variances was used to confirm that the method is correct. The validation results are positive

Athenais-Eudocia – the Augusta of Palestine (remarks on the book: Т.Л. АЛЕКСАНДРОВА, Византийская императрица Афинаида-Евдокия. Жизнь и творчество в контексте эпохи правления императора Феодосия II (401–450) [Byzantine Empress Athenais-Eudocia. Life and Works in the Context of the Reign of Theodosius II (401–450)], Алетейя, Санкт-Петербург 2018, pp. 415 [Новая византийская библиотека. Исследования])

Publication of English-language versions of the volumes of the yearly Studia Ceranea financed through contract no. 501/1/P-DUN/2017 from the funds of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education devoted to the promotion of scholarship

Determination of uncertainty of coordinate measurements on the basis of the formula for EL,MPE

according to ISO/TS 15530-1, developed at University of Bielsko-Biała, is presented. Measurement uncertainty is estimated on the basis of information contained in the formula for the maximum permissible error (EL,MPE) of the applied coordinate measuring system (CMS) and on the basis of its acceptance or reverification test results. Measurement models are of the nature of close mathematical dependencies expressing the measured characteristic in the form of a distance which is a function of coordinates differences of a low number of essential points, properly selected on the workpiece. Measurement models for dimensions and various geometrical deviations were developed. Thanks to the applied vector notation the models are in the form of cross and dot products and they are easily programmable in software such as Matlab, Maple or Python. Detailed examples of the uncertainty analysis for two characteristics (position deviations of the axes of the holes in relation to the datum system) of a car steering knuckle are provided