Para um estudo das narrativas entre meios: escrevendo para cinema e televisão

A partir del análisis de productos de dos emisoras de televisión brasileñas (Red Globo y RBA TV), se presenta un modelo de estudio y clasificación de las narrativas audiovisuales hechas para que circulen entre la televisión y el cine. Actualmente, en un escenario en que los medios audiovisuales comparten sus productos, la narrativa audiovisual necesita responder a las diferentes propuestas estéticas y, mismo productivas, pues, siendo mismo el lenguaje audiovisual, las demandas hechas por los diferentes tipos de exhibición hacen con que estrategias comunicativas especificas sean pensadas por los realizadores. Comparando los dosBy analysing the products of two brazilian television broadcasters (Rede Globo and RBS TV) an audiovisual narrative study and classification, made to be broadcasted both in television and cinema, is produced. Nowadays, given the scenario in which the audiovisual means share its products, the audiovisual narrative needs to englobe different aesthetic propositions. Different media production is also made necessary, because, even though the audiovisual language is the same, the different exhibition types require the producers to work with specific communicative strategies. When these two models are compared the possibilities and difficulties of such contents convergency may be noticed

QUESTÃO RACIAL E SERVIÇO SOCIAL: relato de experiência do estágio supervionado 2

RESUMO: O presente trabalho é um relato do projeto de intervenção do Estágio Supervisionado em Serviço Social 2, que foi realizado em um Centro de Referência, Pesquisa, Capacitação e Atenção à Saúde do Adolescente da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal. Buscou-se compreender a intervenção do serviço social na política de saúde, e sua potencialidade no enfrentamento do racismo. Foi realizada uma oficina em um Grupo de atendimento a adolescentes Lesbicas,Gays, Bissexuais e Transsexuais (LGBT) em sofrimento psíquico, abordando: os processos de naturalização do racismo no contexto brasileiro, a desmistificação dos estereótipos racistas da identidade da população negra, e fazendo um reconhecimento da diversidade étnico-cultural brasileira. O papel pedagógico do serviço social frente à questão racial ainda é um desafio bem como a potencialidade da profissão de inserir a temática com grupos, indo além da transmissão de meras informações

Educação ambiental na escola: percepção e atuação de um grupo de professores de uma escola no município de Campina Grande/PB

Environmental Education (EE) is a cross-cutting theme and can be studied in all disciplines, this area of knowledge should not be confined to the classroom especially since it contains broad issues that relate to global aspects related to: ecology, economics, politics and the cultures of people around the world. EE needs to be valued worldwide to raise awareness, companies, industries and society in general to combat actions that damage and destroy nature. The present research had as main objective, to expose the educative practices directed to the EE developed in the initial series of Elementary School in this municipal school, then to look at a general analysis of the perception of a group of teachers about these practices, seeking to answer the following question:What is the environmental perception of teachers about environmental issues in the initial grades of elementary school? To achieve this goal, we pursue the following specific objectives: (a) Explain and identify from the theories and studies the importance of environmental perception in the school context; (b) Verify in the PPP of the school and in the annual planning of the teachers the contents directed to the EE; (c) Highlight the EE projects included in the PPP of the school; and (d) Describe actions developed by teachers in relation to EE. The methodology used to base the research is based on qualitative descriptive research. The theoretical framework that bases this research was constituted from the readings in books, scientific journals, articles and documents made available on the environmental issue in schools. We had as subjects of our research the team of teachers from the 1st to 5th grades of the morning shift. To collect data, a questionnaire was applied with open and closed questions to investigate how, or if the practice of EE and its pedagogical strategy in school occurs. The field research pointed out that there is lack of incentive and investment from municipal management to develop permanent projects on EE involving students, school and community.We also found that most of the researched teachers find it difficult to develop this theme frequently they have demonstrated to understand the importance of EE as reinforcement in the act of preserving and caring for the environment, to make them aware of their actions towards the students and of them towards the environment in which they live.A Educação Ambiental (EA) é um tema transversal e poderá ser estudada em todas as disciplinas, esta área de conhecimento não deve se limitar à sala de aula, especialmente por conter assuntos abrangentes que dizem respeito a aspectos mundiais relacionados à: ecologia, a economia, a políticos e as culturas dos povos ao redor do mundo. A EA precisa ser valorizada mundialmente a fim de conscientizar mais pessoas, empresas, indústrias e a sociedade em geral para combater as ações que prejudiquem e destruam a natureza. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo central, expor as práticas educativas voltadas para a EA, desenvolvidas nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em duas escolas municipais, para, em seguida, debruçar-se numa análise geral sobre a percepção de um grupo de professores acerca dessas práticas, buscando responder a seguinte questão: Qual a percepção ambiental dos professores acerca das questões ambientais das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental? Para atingirmos este objetivo, perseguimos os seguintes objetivos específicos: (a) Explicitar e identificar a partir das teorias e estudos a importância da percepção ambiental no contexto escolar; (b) Verificar no Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) da escola e no planejamento anual dos professores os conteúdos voltados para a EA; (c) Destacar os projetos de EA incluídos no PPP da escola; e (d) Descrever ações desenvolvidas pelos professores com relação à EA. A metodologia utilizada para fundamentar a pesquisa, baseia-se em uma investigação qualitativa descritiva. O referencial teórico que fundamenta esta pesquisa foi constituído a partir das leituras em livros, revistas científicas, artigos e documentos disponibilizados sobre a questão ambiental no âmbito escolar. Tivemos como sujeitos da nossa pesquisa a equipe de professores das turmas do 1o ao 5o ano do turno da manhã. Para coleta de dado foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas para averiguação de como, ou se ocorre a prática da EA e sua estratégia pedagógica na escola. A pesquisa de campo apontou que há falta de incentivo e investimento da gestão municipal para desenvolver projetos permanentes sobre a EA envolvendo alunos, escola e a comunidade. Também constatamos que a maioria das professoras pesquisadas sente dificuldade para desenvolver esse tema com frequência mais demonstraram entender a importância da EA como reforço no ato de preservar e cuidar do meio ambiente, de conscientizar através da ação delas para com os alunos e destes para com o meio ambiente em que vivem

Unraveling the active microbial populations involved in nitrogen utilization in a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland treating urban wastewater

The dynamics of the active microbial populations involved in nitrogen transformation in a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VF) treating urban wastewater was assessed. The wetland (1.5 m2) operated under average loads of 130 g COD m- 2 d- 1 and 17 g TN m- 2 d- 1 in Period I, and 80 g COD m- 2 d- 1 and 19 g TN m- 2 d- 1 in Period II. The hydraulic loading rate (HLR) was 375 mm d- 1 and C/N ratio was 2 in both periods. Samples for microbial characterization were collected from the filter medium (top and bottom layers) of the wetland, water influent and effluent at the end of Periods I (Jun–Oct) and II (Nov–Jan). The combination of qPCR and high-throughput sequencing (NGS, MiSeq) assessment at DNA and RNA level of 16S rRNA genes and nitrogen-based functional genes (amoA and nosZ-clade I) revealed that nitrification was associated both with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (Nitrosospira) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) (Nitrososphaeraceae), and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) such as Nitrobacter. Considering the active abundance (based in amoA transcripts), the AOA population revealed to be more stable than AOB in both periods and depths of the wetland, being less affected by the organic loading rate (OLR). Although denitrifying bacteria (nosZ copies and transcripts) were actively detected in all depths, the denitrification process was low (removal of 2 g TN m- 2 d- 1 for both periods) concomitant with NOx-N accumulation in the effluent. Overall, AOA, AOB and denitrifying bacteria (nosZ) were observed to be more active in bottom than in top layer at lower OLR (Period II). A proper design of OLR and HLR seems to be crucial to control the activity of microbial biofilms in VF wetlands on the basis of oxygen, organic-carbon and NOx-N forms, to improve their capacity for total nitrogen removal.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Effects of Radiation Technologies on Food Nutritional Quality

Generally, foods are thermally processed to destroy the vegetative microorganisms for food preservation. However, only thermal treatment triggers many unwanted biochemical reactions, which leads to undesirable sensorial and nutritional effects. Therefore, a number of nontraditional preservation techniques are being developed to satisfy consumer demand with regard to nutritional and sensory aspects of foods. Ensuring food safety and at the same time meeting such demands for retention of nutrition and quality attributes has resulted in increased interest in emerging preservation techniques. These emerging food preservation technologies can extend the shelf life of unprocessed or processed foods by inactivating the enzymes, reducing the food spoiling microbial growth rate or viability without altering the food quality attributes including flavor, odor, color, texture, and nutritional value. On the emerging technology, sphere promising results have been attained by the radiation processes. Ionizing radiation has been widely used in industrial processes, especially in the sterilization of medicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic products, and in food processing. Nonionizing radiation has been used in surface decontamination, as on the packaging sector. Although radiation techniques, as the other traditional or emerging techniques, can impair alterations that can modify the chemical composition and the nutritional value of foods, these changes depend on the food composition, the irradiation dose and factors such as temperature and presence or absence of oxygen in the irradiating environment. The aim of this chapter is to discuss retention or loss of vitamins and minerals in several food products submitted to a radiation process (gamma irradiation, short wave ultraviolet, microwave, and pulsed electric fields)

Audiovisual image as evidence and document : discussions from cinema and television in Brazil

A partir do aporte teórico da História Cultural sobre o lugar da imagem na cultura (PESAVENTO, 2009), este artigo pretende problematizar o modo como o audiovisual produziu diferentes registros do século XX, testando e revisando as noções de testemunho e de documento (LE GOFF, 2019). Para isso, será discutido, inicialmente, o estatuto da imagem técnica (FLUSSER, 2002), para, em seguida, analisar as aproximações entre cinema e televisão, no Brasil, em seus diferentes formatos documentais (DA’RIN, 2004). Conclui-se que o estatuto da imagem técnica como documento foi sendo atualizado conforme os meios de comunicação audiovisuais se transformaram. Sua função de testemunho, entretanto, manteve-se intacto ao longo dos anos, pois já faz parte do imaginário sobre a imagem.Based on the Cultural History and the place of image in culture (PESAVENTO, 2009), this article aims to discuss the way in which audiovisual produced different records of the 20th century, testing and revising the notions of testimony and documents (LE GOFF , 2019). To this aim, the status of the technical image will initially be discussed (FLUSSER, 2002), to then analyze the approximations between cinema and television, in Brazil, in their different documentary formats (DA’RIN, 2004). It is concluded that the status of the technical image as a document was being tested and revised as the audiovisual media were transformed. Its role of witnessing, however, has remained intact over the years, as it is already part of the imaginary about the image

O corpo da noção : imagens e imaginários no cinema brasileiro

Este texto pretende discutir as marcas identitárias produzidas por duas escolas cinematográficas que desde os anos 60 vêm influenciando a produção de filmes no Brasil, ancorados em uma estética audiovisual e narrativa que visa a agredir o espectador. Com isso, quer-se entender como aquilo que começou como proposta de um cinema revolucionário e de denúncia social acabou se tornando na própria marca do cinema nacional, e também da representação imagética do Brasil e dos brasileiros. Pretende-se ainda perceber como essas estratégias discursivas e audiovisuais podem ser percebidas nos filmes da chamada pós-retomada, ou seja, no cinema feito a partir de 2001. Nessa perspectiva, serão focalizados alguns desses filmes: O invasor, 2001, de Beto Brant; Cidade de Deus, 2001, de Fernando Meireles; Amarelo Manga, 2002, de Cláudio Assis; Contra todos 2004, de Roberto Moreira.This paper discusses two identity signs produced by movieschools that, since the 60s, have influenced the productionof movies in Brazil, based on a audio-visual and narrativeaesthetic that aims to shock the spectator. We want to under-stand how something that began as a proposal of a revolu-tionary and social criticism cinema ended up becoming themain characteristic of Brazilian movies and also the repre-sentation of Brazil and Brazilians. It's also our aim tounderstand how these discursive and audio-visual strate-gies can be noticed in movies produced after 2001. Underthis perspective, this paper will focus on some of thesemovies: O Invasor (2001) directed by Beto Brant; Cidadede Deus (2001) directed by Fernando Meireles; AmareloManga (2002) directed by Cláudio Assis and Contra To-dos (2004) directed by Roberto Moreira