Orbital Lymphatic-Venous Malformation Accompanied by an Intraocular Vascular Malformation: A Rare Case Study

Lymphatic-venous malformations (LVMs) are development defects that result in abnormal connections between the lymphatic and venous systems. The authors describe a 7-weeks-old female infant who presented with a right orbital LVM extending to the ipsilateral cheek and subconjunctiva of the right eye, intracranial developmental venous anomalies in the right cerebellum, and a significant right eye intraocular retinal vascular malformation. Since orbital LVM is usually diagnosed in infancy or childhood, pediatric ophthalmologists should actively look for intraocular vascular malformations as such findings can poorly affect a patient’s vision

Three-dimensional view of ultrafast dynamics in photoexcited bacteriorhodopsin

International audienceBacteriorhodopsin (bR) is a light-driven proton pump. The primary photochemical event uponlight absorption is isomerization of the retinal chromophore. Here we used time-resolvedcrystallography at an X-ray free-electron laser to follow the structural changes inmultiphoton-excited bR from 250 femtoseconds to 10 picoseconds. Quantum chemistry andultrafast spectroscopy were used to identify a sequential two-photon absorption process,leading to excitation of a tryptophan residueflanking the retinal chromophore, as afirstmanifestation of multiphoton effects. We resolve distinct stages in the structural dynamics ofthe all-transretinal in photoexcited bR to a highly twisted 13-cisconformation. Other activesite sub-picosecond rearrangements include correlated vibrational motions of the electro-nically excited retinal chromophore, the surrounding amino acids and water molecules as wellas their hydrogen bonding network. These results show that this extended photo-activenetwork forms an electronically and vibrationally coupled system in bR, and most likely in allretinal proteins