Effect of contact and systemic insecticides on the sharpshooter Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Hemiptera: cicadellidae), a vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus

The knockdown and toxic effects of insecticides of different chemical groups and modes of action registered for citrus in Brazil were investigated for effective control of Bucephalogonia xanthophis, a sharpshooter vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus. The active ingredients dimethoate (1.2 mL/1.2L), imidacloprid (0.24 mL/1.2L) and lambda-cyhalothrin (0.24 mL/1.2L), as well as a control (water), were sprayed onto branches of potted-citrus nursery trees to evaluate the effect of residual contact. The insects were confined on sprayed branches by using sleeve cages, in groups of 10 per branch (5 branches/treatment). Lambdacyhalothrin showed a knockdown effect on B. xanthophis (>70% mortality within 2 h of exposure), and the residues were effective for approximately one wk. Imidacloprid, lambdacyhalothrin and dimethoate suppressed the vector populations for up to 3 wk after application, when the insects were exposed to sprayed plants for at least 24 h. In another experiment, 2 neonicotinoid insecticides (thiamethoxam and imidacloprid) were applied by soil drench to potted nursery trees, in order to study their systemic effect, i.e., mortality by ingestion on sharpshooter adults. Thiamethoxam and imidacloprid effectively controlled the vectors at all concentrations tested, when the insects were exposed to treated plants for 24 h (>80% mortality) or 48 h (near 100% mortality). The knockdown effect of thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin might be particularly important to prevent vector transmission of X. fastidiosa in citrus groves.Programa Nacional de Pos-Doutorado - PNPD/CAPES [23038.039426/2008-97

[fetal Myelomeningocele And The Potential In-utero Repair: Follow-up Of 58 Fetuses].

Prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele (MM) allows planning its management and, recently, a possible in utero repair. To describe the perinatal outcome of fetuses with MM, in a Fetal Medicine Unit, identifying possible candidates for the in utero surgical repair. Retrospective and descriptive study of 58 cases of prenatally diagnosed MM, at CAISM-UNICAMP, from January 1997 to December 2001, identifying possible fetal candidates for in utero repair. the diagnosis mean gestational age was 29 weeks (17-39); level of lesions was above sacral region in 85%, association with hydrocephaly in 86%. Surgical complications were present in 39% of the neonates. During follow-up, 98% presented neurogenic bladder and 60% neurological/mental handicap. Twenty eight fetuses (42%) could have indication of in utero repair. MM is associated with severe and frequent poor results. Almost one third of our cases could had fetal repair as a treatment choice.62487-9

Fetal myelomeningocele and the potential in-utero repair: follow-up of 58 fetuses

INTRODUCTION: Prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele (MM) allows planning its management and, recently, a possible in utero repair. OBJECTIVE: To describe the perinatal outcome of fetuses with MM, in a Fetal Medicine Unit, identifying possible candidates for the in utero surgical repair. METHODO: Retrospective and descriptive study of 58 cases of prenatally diagnosed MM, at CAISM-UNICAMP, from January 1997 to December 2001, identifying possible fetal candidates for in utero repair. RESULTS: the diagnosis mean gestacional age was 29 weeks (17-39); level of lesions was above sacral region in 85%, association with hydrocephaly in 86%. Surgical complications were present in 39% of the neonates. During follow-up, 98% presented neurogenic bladder and 60% neurological/mental handicap. Twenty eight fetuses (42%) could have indication of in utero repair. CONCLUSION: MM is associated with severe and frequent poor results. Almost one third of our cases could had fetal repair as a treatment choice.INTRODUÇÃO: O diagnóstico pré natal da meningomielocele (MM) permite melhor planejamento de sua abordagem e, mais recentemente , um possível reparo intra-útero. OBJETIVO: Descrição da evolução perinatal de fetos com MM, acompanhados em um centro de referência em Medicina Fetal, identificando os possíveis fetos candidatos à cirurgia intra-uterina. MÉTODO: Análise retrospectiva descritiva de 58 casos de MM fetal, atendidos no CAISM-UNICAMP, de janeiro de 1997 a dezembro de 2001, identificando-se os casos cuja indicação de cirurgia fetal seria possível. RESULTADOS: Média da idade gestacional ao diagnóstico de 29 semanas (17-39); nível da lesão acima da região sacral em 85%; associação com hidrocefalia em 86%; taxa de complicações cirúrgicas de 39%. Na evolução, 98% apresentaram bexiga neurogênica e 60% deficiência neuro-mental. O potencial reparo intra-útero foi de 42%. CONCLUSÃO: MM está associada a graves e frequentes sequelas. Quase um terço dos nossos casos poderiam ter tido a cirurgia fetal como opção terapêutica.48749

Laparoscopic splenectomy in hematological disorders

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is becoming the procedure of choice in the treatment of children with hematological disorders. However, concerns remains regarding conversion rates, dissection and extraction of the spleen. The authors analyze their early experience at Boldrini's Children Cancer Center-Brazil in 40 LS performed in children and young adults. METHODS: Retrospective review of the charts of 40 patients (median age of 6.6 years; range 1 to 22.8) who underwent LS, between July/ 2000 and May/ 2002. The main indications were sickle cell disease (SCD) (20 - 50 %), hereditary spherocytosis (10 - 25 %) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (8 - 20 %). RESULTS: All but two splenectomies were performed exclusively by laparoscopy, and 12 patients also underwent a concomitant cholecystectomy. The mean operating time was 127.5 minutes (90-240m). In seven patients (17.5%) accessory spleens were found and removed. Intraoperative bleeding was significant only in the two cases that required conversion to an open procedure, although no transfusion was needed. The median weight of the spleen was 250 g (range 106g-1000g; n=36). Complications were observed in seven patients (17.5 %) with SCD that developed acute chest syndrome. There were no deaths in this series and the median postoperative stay at the hospital was two days (2 - 14). Follow-up ranged from 23 days to two years. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of our experience, LS is a safe procedure, even to treat large spleens and became an attractive option that might replace the open procedure. In SCD patients, the rate of complications remains high, suggesting mechanisms other than the scope of the choice of surgical approach.OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência inicial do Centro Infantil Boldrini com a esplenectomia laparoscópica (EL) em crianças e adultos jovens. MÉTODO: Foram revisados os prontuários de 40 pacientes (mediana da idade de 6,6 anos; 1 a 22,8) submetidos à EL entre Julho de 2000 e Maio de 2002. As principais indicações de acordo com a doença de base foram: doença falciforme (DF) em 20 pacientes (50%), esferocitose hereditária em 10 (25 %), púrpura trombocitopência idiopática em oito (20 %), doença de Hodgkin em um e anemia hemolítica a esclarecer em um. RESULTADOS: Trinta e oito esplenectomias foram completadas por via laparoscópica (duas conversões) e em doze foi realizada adicionalmente a colecistectomia. A mediana do tempo operatório foi de 127,5 minutos (90-240 min) e sete (17,5 %) baços acessórios foram encontrados. Sangramento intra-operatório foi significativo apenas nas duas conversões, mas não houve necessidade de transfusões. A mediana do peso dos baços foi de 250 g (106-1000; n=36). Complicações pós-operatórias ocorreram em sete (17,5 %) pacientes e, nos portadores de DF, 35% desenvolveram síndrome torácica aguda. A mediana da permanência hospitalar pós-operatória foi de dois dias (2 - 14). O seguimento variou de 23 dias a dois anos (mediana de 11 meses). CONCLUSÕES: A EL pode ser realizada de modo seguro mesmo em baços de grande tamanho e é opção atrativa que pode substituir o procedimento aberto. Em pacientes com DF, a taxa de complicações permanece alta, sugerindo mecanismos outros que vão além da escolha da via de acesso cirúrgica.38238

Reúso-DF : viabilidade técnica e operacional do aproveitamento de águas pluviais e do reúso de águas cinzas em edificações não-residenciais do Distrito Federal : relatório técnico 5/2017

Relatório técnico apresentado para a Agência Reguladora de Águas, Energia e Saneamento do Distrito Federal Convênio ADASA/UnB – DODF: 197.000.977/201