Evaluation of ego-dystonic homosexuality

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Kansas, Psychology, 1984

Developing and evaluating a lay health worker delivered implementation intervention to decrease engagement disparities in behavioural parent training: a mixed methods study protocol.

IntroductionBehavioural parent training (BPT) programmes are effective in preventing and treating early-onset conduct problems and child maltreatment. Unfortunately, pervasive mental health service disparities continue to limit access to and engagement in these interventions. Furthermore, challenges with parental engagement can impede the successful implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in community settings that serve low-income, ethnic minority families. Lay health workers (LHWs)-individuals without formal mental health training-represent an important workforce to increase engagement, as they are members of the communities they serve. However, the mobilisation of LHWs has not been well studied as an implementation strategy to extend the reach or effectiveness of EBPs in the USA. LHW-delivered implementation interventions that specifically support the engagement of Latinx parents in evidence-based BPT programmes have the potential to improve clinical and implementation outcomes.Methods and analysisA community-partnered approach will use the Quality Implementation Framework (QIF) to tailor and implement an LHW-delivered implementation intervention that aims to promote Latinx parent engagement in BPT programmes. Steps from the QIF will guide study activities to (1) conduct a mixed methods needs assessment to fit the implementation intervention to the local context, (2) adapt LHW-delivered implementation strategies to promote parent access to and engagement in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy and (3) conduct a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot trial to examine the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of the LHW implementation intervention at increasing engagement.Ethics and disseminationStudy procedures have been approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Results will be shared with the community-advisory group, at community-based meetings for other stakeholders involved in the pilot project, and submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals

Molecular detection of culture-confirmed bacterial bloodstream infections with limited enrichment time

Conventional blood culturing using automated instrumentation with phenotypic identification requires a significant amount of time to generate results. This study investigated the speed and accuracy of results generated using PCR and pyrosequencing compared to the time required to obtain Gram stain results and final culture identification for cases of culture-confirmed bloodstream infections. Research and physician-ordered blood cultures were drawn concurrently. Aliquots of the incubating research blood culture fluid were removed hourly between 5 and 8 h, at 24 h, and again at 5 days. DNA was extracted from these 6 time point aliquots and analyzed by PCR and pyrosequencing for bacterial rRNA gene targets. These results were then compared to those of the physician-ordered blood culture. PCR and pyrosequencing accurately identified 92% of all culture-confirmed cases after a mean enrichment time of 5.8 ± 2.9 h. When the time needed to complete sample processing was included for PCR and pyrosequencing protocols, the molecular approach yielded results in 11.8 ± 2.9 h compared to means of 27.9 ± 13.6 h to obtain the Gram stain results and 81.6 ± 24.0 h to generate the final culture-based identification. The molecular approach enabled accurate detection of most bacteria present in incubating blood culture bottles on average about 16 h sooner than Gram stain results became available and approximately 3 days sooner than the phenotypic identification was entered in the Laboratory Information System. If implemented, this more rapid molecular approach could minimize the number of doses of unnecessary or ineffective antibiotics administered to patients

Central America, Human Rights, and Displacement

While migration and displacement are not new phenomena in the region, parts of Central America are experiencing a crisis of displacement. This crisis has emerged due to the compounding effects of multiple factors: environmental degradation and climate change, economic upheavals caused by neoliberal reforms, political instability (especially in Honduras and Nicaragua), and violence stemming from corruption and organized crime. With a particular focus on factors related to violence and the deterioration of the rule of law, participants in this round table will describe and discuss the roots of displacement, the methodological and political challenges in documenting these migratory flows, and the risks and abuses faced by peoples in movement. Finally, the panelists will dialogue about strategies to support the empowerment of migrants, mobilize critical humanitarian aid, combat xenophobia and dehumanization, and compel states in the hemisphere to respect the rights of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and asylum seekers. Participants in this panel have direct experience at the heart of this crisis, ranging from academic research and in-depth journalism to direct services, advocacy and activism

Development of a Clinician Report Measure to Assess Psychotherapy for Depression in Usual Care Settings

Although mental health policy initiatives have called for quality improvement in depression care, practical tools to describe the quality of psychotherapy for depression are not available. We developed a clinician-report measure of adherence to three types of psychotherapy for depression—cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and psychodynamic therapy. A total of 727 clinicians from a large, national managed behavioral health care organization responded to a mail survey. The measure demonstrated good psychometric properties, including appropriate item-scale correlations, internal consistency reliability, and a three-factor structure. Our results suggest that this questionnaire may be a promising approach to describing psychotherapy for depression in usual care

A prevalência da disfunção erétil e incontinência urinária pós-prostatectomia radical

Este artigo busca compreender a prevalência da disfunção erétil e incontinência urinária em indivíduos que realizaram a prostatectomia radical via retropúbica no Hospital das Forças Armadas - DF. Este estudo trata-se de um modelo transversal descritivo. Foram analisados indivíduos, na faixa etária compreendida dos 48 aos 73 anos, entre dezembro de 2005 e setembro de 2008. Foi utilizado para instrumentos de coleta de dados os questionários, Prévio, Quociente Sexual Masculino (QS-M) e Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF), para disfunção erétil e incontinência urinária respectivamente. Participaram da entrevista 44 participantes, 19 foram excluídos. Os incluídos na pesquisa foram 16 com incontinência urinária e 9 com disfunção erétil e incontinência urinária. A partir desse estudo é possível confirmar que pacientes que realizam a cirurgia de Prostatectomia Radical via Retropúbica apresentam essas disfunções, o que pode indicar uma pior qualidade de vida

Contribuição de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares nativos no estabelecimento de Aristida setifolia Kunth em áreas degradadas do cerrado

To study the dynamics of native AM fungi, in natural cerrado soil and three degraded areas, quantitative and qualitative avaliations were done, in the dry and rainy seasons. Those avaliations included field experiment plots from a degraded area with lime, natural peat and castor bean cake. Two greenhouse experiments studied the contribution of AM fungi to the stablishment of a spontaneous grass Aristida setifolia Kunth. The first used natural and steam sterilized substrates from the four areas; the second, field plots substrates steam sterilized with and without inoculation of three native AM fungi. In the field, soil density was higher in degraded areas and both areas presented high soil acidity. The AM fungi were present in all areas with higher number of spores and species in the rainy season. In the greenhouse experiments, native AM fungi promoted a significant increase in plant shoot dry matter. In the noninoculated field plots substrates, there was no significant effect of lime and organic compounds on plant growth. However, with the inoculation, there was a significant increase in grass shoot dry matter, with a significant improvement and differentiation of the field treatments effects.Para estudar a dinâmica de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (MA) nativos, em solo de cerrado natural e de três áreas degradadas, foram efetuadas avaliações quantitativa e qualitativa desses fungos, nos períodos seco e chuvoso. Nessa avaliação incluíram-se parcelas experimentais, em uma das áreas degradadas, com calcário, turfa natural e torta de mamona. Em casa de vegetação conduziram-se dois experimentos para avaliar a contribuição desses fungos no estabelecimento da gramínea pioneira Aristida setifolia Kunth. No primeiro, utilizaram-se substratos das quatro áreas, esterilizados a vapor e ao natural; no segundo, foram utilizados substratos da área experimental esterilizados, com e sem aplicação de mistura de três fungos MA nativos. No campo, a densidade aparente nas áreas degradadas foi superior à do cerrado natural, e todas apresentaram alta acidez e baixa fertilidade. Os fungos MA ocorreram em todas as áreas; houve maior número de esporos e espécies no período chuvoso. Em casa de vegetação, os fungos MA nativos promoveram aumentos significativos na matéria seca da gramínea. Não houve efeitos significativos do calcário e dos insumos orgânicos no crescimento das plantas sem inoculação dos fungos MA. Entretanto, com a inoculação, ocorreu acréscimo significativo no crescimento da gramínea e diferenciação e maximização nos efeitos desses insumos

Testicular shape and andrological aspects of young Nellore bulls under extensive farming

Aiming to determine the relationship between the frequency of testicular shape and the andrological aspects in young Nellore bulls, 18,676 animals were assessed. All andrological examinations were performed between the years 2000 and 2008. Animals were classified as able for breeding, able for breeding in natural mating system, unable for breeding and discarded. The testicular shape was classified as long, fairly long, oval-long, spherical-oval, and spherical. The analysis of Pearson correlations was performed for testicular shape with scrotal circumference, testicular volume, progressive motility, sperm vigor, major defects, minor defects and total defects. Testicles with oval shape prevailed (99.61%). It was obseved that 76.34; 66.34; 64.34; 58.33 and 50.00% of the animals were classified as sound for breeding for shapes long, fairly long, oval-long, spherical-oval, and spherical, respectively. Correlations between testicular shape with scrotal circumference, testicular volume, progressive motility, sperm vigor, major, minor and total defects were 0.26; 0.08; 0.00; 0.11; -0.02; 0.02 and -0.01, respectively. Testicular shape had no influence upon the andrological examination results. Testicles of long shape were prevalent within the population

Utilização de calcário em plantio direto e convencional de soja e milho em Latossolo Vermelho

Cerrado soils are acid with toxic levels of aluminum and, in order to overcome these conditions to grow crops, lime is necessary. This experiment evaluated the effects of lime levels and methods of lime application on the grain production of soybean and corn in rotation, under conventional (disk plowing and harrowing) and no-tillage planting systems in a Red Latosol (Oxisol). Cover crops were planted in the dry season; mucuna was cultivated after soybean and millet after corn. One lime treatment was included without cover crop under the conventional system. The occurrence of a dry spell period caused reduction in soybean yield in the first crop, but yield increases were observed due to lime application, under both systems, in the third crop. In the second and fourth crops, corn grain yields increased with lime levels, and were higher in the conventional system in the second crop. In no-tillage system, lime levels without incorporation produced less corn grain yield compared to incorporated lime. The corn response to split lime application was proportional to the incorporated lime levels. The exclusion of cover crops under the conventional system promoted corn grain yield reduction. Surface lime applications affected the soil chemical characteristics mainly at the 0–5 cm depth.Os solos de cerrado apresentam alta acidez e alumínio tóxico, por isso é necessário aplicar calcário para obter boas produtividades das culturas de grãos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os efeitos da calagem e de formas de aplicação do calcário na correção da acidez de um Latossolo Vermelho, e na produtividade da soja e do milho, cultivados em rotação, nos sistemas de plantio convencional (aração e gradagem) e de plantio direto (sem preparo). Plantas de cobertura foram cultivadas de forma intercalada: mucuna após soja e milheto após milho. No plantio convencional, utilizou-se um tratamento sem plantas de cobertura, com calcário incorporado. O veranico prejudicou a soja no primeiro cultivo, porém a produtividade aumentou com a calagem no terceiro cultivo. Nos segundo e quarto cultivos, a produtividade do milho aumentou com a calagem, sendo superior no plantio convencional apenas no segundo cultivo. No plantio direto, os tratamentos sem incorporação do calcário mostraram produtividades de milho inferiores em relação aos tratamentos com incorporação do calcário. A resposta do milho ao parcelamento do calcário foi proporcional às quantidades parceladas e incorporadas. A ausência da mucuna no plantio convencional resultou em redução de produtividade do milho. O calcário aplicado na superfície alterou as condições químicas do solo, principalmente na profundidade de 0–5 cm

Case Study of Resilient Baton Rouge: Applying Depression Collaborative Care and Community Planning to Disaster Recovery.

BackgroundAddressing behavioral health impacts of major disasters is a priority of increasing national attention, but there are limited examples of implementation strategies to guide new disaster responses. We provide a case study of an effort being applied in response to the 2016 Great Flood in Baton Rouge.MethodsResilient Baton Rouge was designed to support recovery after major flooding by building local capacity to implement an expanded model of depression collaborative care for adults, coupled with identifying and responding to local priorities and assets for recovery. For a descriptive, initial evaluation, we coupled analysis of documents and process notes with descriptive surveys of participants in initial training and orientation, including preliminary comparisons among licensed and non-licensed participants to identify training priorities.ResultsWe expanded local behavioral health service delivery capacity through subgrants to four agencies, provision of training tailored to licensed and non-licensed providers and development of advisory councils and partnerships with grassroots and government agencies. We also undertook initial efforts to enhance national collaboration around post-disaster resilience.ConclusionOur partnered processes and lessons learned may be applicable to other communities that aim to promote resilience, as well as planning for and responding to post-disaster behavioral health needs