Ley N. 19.253 (1993) Ley Indigena

General law on indigenous peoples, which sets rules on the protection and promotion of indigenous development. It affects projects that are intended to be developed on indigenous territories, which must consider, apart from environmental obligations, consultations with indigenous groups, approvals and additional compensation

What are the living conditions and health status of those who don't report their migration status? a population-based study in Chile

BACKGROUND: Undocumented immigrants are likely to be missing from population databases, making it impossible to identify an accurate sampling frame in migration research. No population-based data has been collected in Chile regarding the living conditions and health status of undocumented immigrants. However, the CASEN survey (Caracterizacion Socio- Economica Nacional) asked about migration status in Chile for the first time in 2006 and provides an opportunity to set the base for future analysis of available migration data. We explored the living conditions and health of self-reported immigrants and respondents who preferred not to report their migration status in this survey. METHODS: Cross-sectional secondary analysis of CASEN survey in Chile in 2006. Outcomes: any disability, illness/accident, hospitalization/surgery, cancer/chronic condition (all binary variables); and the number of medical/emergency attentions received (count variables). Covariates: Demographics (age, sex, marital status, urban/rural, ethnicity), socioeconomic status (education level, employment status and household income), and material standard of living (overcrowding, sanitation, housing quality). Weighted regression models were estimated for each health outcome, crude and adjusted by sets of covariates, in STATA 10.0. RESULTS: About 1% of the total sample reported being immigrants and 0.7% preferred not to report their migration status (Migration Status - Missing Values; MS-MV). The MS-MV lived in more deprived conditions and reported a higher rate of health problems than immigrants. Some gender differences were observed by health status among immigrants and the MS-MV but they were not statistically significant. Regressions indicated that age, sex, SES and material factors consistently affected MS-MVs’ chance of presenting poor health and these patterns were different to those found among immigrants. Great heterogeneity in both the MS-MV and the immigrants, as indicated by wide confidence intervals, prevented the identification of other significantly associated covariates. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to look at the living conditions and health of those that preferred not to respond their migration status in Chile. Respondents that do not report their migration status are vulnerable to poor health and may represent undocumented immigrants. Surveys that fail to identify these people are likely to misrepresent the experiences of immigrants and further quantitative and qualitative research is urgently required

International Social Survey Programme: Citizenship - ISSP 2004

Citizen and state. Topics: Qualities of a good citizen; attitude toward the right ofpublic meetings for religious extremists, people who want to overthrowthe government by force, or people prejudiced against any racial orethnic group; social and political participation; memberships;importance of different people`s rights in democracy (scale);estimation of political influence possibilities (political efficacy);likeliness of counter-action against an unjust law and expected chanceof serious attention to people`s demand; interest in politics; personaltrust in politicians and people; political discussions with friends;opinion leadership in politics; national sovereignty and attitude tointernational organisations; attitude to the action of politicalparties; real policy choice between parties; attitude toward areferendum; level of honesty and fairness in the last nationalelection; commitment to serve people and likeliness to correct ownmistakes in public service; corruption in public service; functioningof democracy at present, in the past and in the future; frequencies ofmedia use; respect for people and tolerance in case of disagreement;self-description of the habitation (residence); voter participation;voting behaviour (recall). Demography: Sex; age; marital-status; steady life-partner; education;current employment status; hours worked weekly; occupation (ISCO 1988);working for private or public sector or selfemployed; if selfemployed:number of employees; supervisor function; trade union membership;current employment status (ISCO 1988); earnings; family income;household size; household composition; party affiliation; participationin last election; religious denomination; attendance of religiousservices; self-placement on a top-bottom scale; region; size ofcommunity; type of community: urban-rural area; ethnicity, nationalityand family-origin. Additionally coded: administrative mode of data-collection