96 research outputs found
Noise properties in the ideal Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise secure communication system
In this paper we determine the noise properties needed for unconditional
security for the ideal Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key
distribution system using simple statistical analysis. It has already been
shown using physical laws that resistors and Johnson-like noise sources provide
unconditional security. However real implementations use artificial noise
generators, therefore it is a question if other kind of noise sources and
resistor values could be used as well. We answer this question and in the same
time we provide a theoretical basis to analyze real systems as well
Totally secure classical networks with multipoint telecloning (teleportation) of classical bits through loops with Johnson-like noise
First, we show a new inexpensive defense against intruders and the
man-in-the-middle attack in the Kirchhoff's-loop-Johnson-like-noise (KLJN)
cipher. Then instead of point-to-point communication, we propose a high
efficiency, secure network. The (in the idealistic case totally secure)
classical network is based on an improved version of the KLJN cipher. The
network consists of two parallel networks: i) a chain-like network of securely
communicating, electrically isolated Kirchhoff-loops with Johnson-like noise
and driven by a specific switching process of the resistances; ii) and a
regular non-secure data network with a Coordinator-server. If the classical
network is fast enough, the chain-like network of N communicators can generate
and share an N bit long secret key within a single clock period of the ciphers
and that implies a significant speed-up compared to the point-to-point key
exchanges used by quantum communication or RSA-like key exchange methods. This
is a teleportation-type multiple telecloning of the classical information bit
because the information transfer can take place without the actual presence of
the information bit at the intermediate points of the network. With similar
quantum schemes the telecloning of classical bits via quantum communicator
networks without telecloning the quantum states is also possible.Comment: Quantum-based network application added. 13 page
What kind of noise guarantees security for the Kirchhoff-Loop-Johnson-Noise key exchange?
This article is a supplement to our recent one about the analysis of the
noise properties in the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange
system [Gingl and Mingesz, PLOS ONE 9 (2014) e96109,
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096109]. Here we use purely mathematical statistical
derivations to prove that only normal distribution with special scaling can
guarantee security. Our results are in agreement with earlier physical
assumptions [Kish, Phys. Lett. A 352 (2006) 178-182, doi:
10.1016/j.physleta.2005.11.062]. Furthermore, we have carried out numerical
simulations to show that the communication is clearly unsecure for improper
selection of the noise properties. Protection against attacks using time and
correlation analysis is not considered in this paper
Power spectral density estimation for wireless fluctuation enhanced gas sensor nodes
Fluctuation enhanced sensing (FES) is a promising method to improve the
selectivity and sensitivity of semiconductor and nanotechnology gas sensors.
Most measurement setups include high cost signal conditioning and data
acquisition units as well as intensive data processing. However, there are
attempts to reduce the cost and energy consumption of the hardware and to find
efficient processing methods for low cost wireless solutions. In our paper we
propose highly efficient signal processing methods to analyze the power
spectral density of fluctuations. These support the development of
ultra-low-power intelligent fluctuation enhanced wireless sensor nodes while
several further applications are also possible
Improved head-controlled TV system produces high-quality remote image
Manipulator operator uses an improved resolution tv camera/monitor positioning system to view the remote handling and processing of reactive, flammable, explosive, or contaminated materials. The pan and tilt motions of the camera and monitor are slaved to follow the corresponding motions of the operators head
Improved electromechanical master-slave manipulator
Electric master-slave manipulator uses force multiplication and allows the operator to remotely control the slave arm. Both the master and slave arms execute seven distinct motions by a specially designed force-reflecting servo having a one to one correspondence between the motion at the master and slave
Spectra for the product of Gaussian noises
Products of Gaussian noises often emerge as the result of non-linear
detection techniques or as a parasitic effect, and their proper handling is
important in many practical applications, including in fluctuation-enhanced
sensing, indoor air or environmental quality monitoring, etc. We use Rice's
random phase oscillator formalism to calculate the power density spectra
variance for the product of two Gaussian band-limited white noises with
zero-mean and the same bandwidth W. The ensuing noise spectrum is found to
decrease linearly from zero frequency to 2W, and it is zero for frequencies
greater than 2W. Analogous calculations performed for the square of a single
Gaussian noise confirm earlier results. The spectrum at non-zero frequencies,
and the variance of the square of a noise, is amplified by a factor two as a
consequence of correlation effects between frequency products. Our analytic
results is corroborated by computer simulations.Comment: submitted for publicatio
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