A new concept for controlling tiny-scale insect pest in green house – noval technology to apply liquid ethyl formate: Poster

As increased agricultural insecticide uses and trends in insecticide resistance, increased labor cost to apply insecticide and limited its application to fertility season in green house. There is a need of a safe, labor-saving and confined space application concept to manage control tiny-scale insect pest such as thrips and whitefly. Fumigation with ethyl formate (EF), which is considered as effective to various insect pest and safely use in quarantine treatment, was evaluated in the confined space (glass house) and semi-confined space (vinyl house). The new application technology for application of liquid EF could be the one of the key options for control of tiny flying insects in greenhouses that would save labor and operation costs. It could be connected to smartfarm technologies in the near future.As increased agricultural insecticide uses and trends in insecticide resistance, increased labor cost to apply insecticide and limited its application to fertility season in green house. There is a need of a safe, labor-saving and confined space application concept to manage control tiny-scale insect pest such as thrips and whitefly. Fumigation with ethyl formate (EF), which is considered as effective to various insect pest and safely use in quarantine treatment, was evaluated in the confined space (glass house) and semi-confined space (vinyl house). The new application technology for application of liquid EF could be the one of the key options for control of tiny flying insects in greenhouses that would save labor and operation costs. It could be connected to smartfarm technologies in the near future

Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Background/Aims: Disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has led to a need for biomarkers to identify prodromal AD and very early stage of AD dementia. We aimed to identify the cutoff values of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for detecting prodromal AD. Methods: We assessed 56 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who underwent lumbar puncture. Additionally, 87 healthy elderly individuals and 34 patients with AD dementia served as controls. Positron emission tomography was performed using florbetaben as a probe. We analyzed the concentration of Aβ1–42, total tau protein (t-Tau), and tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-Tau181) in CSF with INNOTEST enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: For the detection of prodromal AD in patients with aMCI, the cutoff values of CSF Aβ1–42, t-Tau, and p-Tau181 were 749.5 pg/mL, 225.6 pg/mL, and 43.5 pg/mL, respectively. To discriminate prodromal AD in patients with aMCI, the t-Tau/Aβ1–42 and ­p-Tau181/Aβ1–42 ratios defined cutoff values at 0.298 and 0.059, respectively. Conclusions: CSF biomarkers are very useful tools for the differential diagnosis of prodromal AD in aMCI patients. The concentration of CSF biomarkers is well correlated with the stages of the AD spectrum

A test of the submentalizing hypothesis : apes' performance in a false belief task inanimate control

Financial support came from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (K-CONNEX to FK), Japan Society for Promotion of Science (KAKENHI 26885040, 16K21108 to FK), JSPS (KAKENHI 26245069, 24000001 to SH), and European Research Council (Synergy grant 609819 SOMICS to JC).Much debate concerns whether any nonhuman animals share with humans the ability to infer others' mental states, such as desires and beliefs. In a recent eye-tracking false-belief task, we showed that great apes correctly anticipated that a human actor would search for a goal object where he had last seen it, even though the apes themselves knew that it was no longer there. In response, Heyes proposed that apes' looking behavior was guided not by social cognitive mechanisms but rather domain-general cueing effects, and suggested the use of inanimate controls to test this alternative submentalizing hypothesis. In the present study, we implemented the suggested inanimate control of our previous false-belief task. Apes attended well to key events but showed markedly fewer anticipatory looks and no significant tendency to look to the correct location. We thus found no evidence that submentalizing was responsible for apes' anticipatory looks in our false-belief task.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

The First Very Long Baseline Interferometry Image of 44 GHz Methanol Maser with the KVN and VERA Array (KaVA)

We have carried out the first very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) imaging of 44 GHz class I methanol maser (7_{0}-6_{1}A^{+}) associated with a millimeter core MM2 in a massive star-forming region IRAS 18151-1208 with KaVA (KVN and VERA Array), which is a newly combined array of KVN (Korean VLBI Network) and VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry). We have succeeded in imaging compact maser features with a synthesized beam size of 2.7 milliarcseconds x 1.5 milliarcseconds (mas). These features are detected at a limited number of baselines within the length of shorter than approximately 650 km corresponding to 100 Mlambda in the uv-coverage. The central velocity and the velocity width of the 44 GHz methanol maser are consistent with those of the quiescent gas rather than the outflow traced by the SiO thermal line. The minimum component size among the maser features is ~ 5 mas x 2 mas, which corresponds to the linear size of ~ 15 AU x 6 AU assuming a distance of 3 kpc. The brightness temperatures of these features range from ~ 3.5 x 10^{8} to 1.0 x 10^{10} K, which are higher than estimated lower limit from a previous Very Large Array observation with the highest spatial resolution of ~ 50 mas. The 44 GHz class I methanol maser in IRAS 18151-1208 is found to be associated with the MM2 core, which is thought to be less evolved than another millimeter core MM1 associated with the 6.7 GHz class II methanol maser.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure

Treatment strategy and outcomes in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a nationwide retrospective cohort study (KCSG HN13–01)

Abstract Background By investigating treatment patterns and outcomes in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC), we aimed at providing valuable insights into the optimal therapeutic strategy for physicians in real-world practice. Methods This is a multi-institutional study enrolled the patients with stage III to IVB LA-HNSCC, except for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, from 2004 to 2015 in thirteen referral hospitals capable of multidisciplinary care. Results A total of 445 LA-HNSCC patients were analyzed. The median age was 61 years (range, 24–89). The primary tumor location was the oropharynx in 191 (43%), oral cavity in 106 (24%), hypopharynx in 64 (14%), larynx in 57 (13%) and other sites in 27 (6%). The most common stage was T2 in 172 (39%), and N2 in 245 (55%). Based on treatment intents, 229 (52%) of the patients received definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and 187 (42%) underwent surgery. Approximately 158 (36%) of the study population received induction chemotherapy (IC). Taken together, 385 (87%) of the patients underwent combined therapeutic modalities. The regimen for definitive CCRT was weekly cisplatin in 58%, 3-weekly cisplatin in 28% and cetuximab in 3%. The preferred regimen for IC was docetaxel with cisplatin in 49%, and docetaxel, cisplatin plus fluorouracil in 27%. With a median follow-up of 39 months, one-year and two-year survival rates were 89 and 80%, respectively. Overall survival was not significantly different between CCRT and surgery group (p = 0.620). Conclusions In patients with LA-HNSCC, the majority of patients received combined therapeutic modalities. Definitive CCRT, IC then definitive CCRT, and surgery followed by adjuvant CCRT or radiotherapy are the preferred multidisciplinary strategies in real-world practice

체간에 발생한 선천성 수축반흔환

Congential band is a rare collection of fetal malformations associated with fib rous bands that appear to entangle or entrap various fetal parts in the uterus leading to deformation, malformation or disruption. Heredity, sex,and race seem to play insignificant role, and its eitologic explanation is still confusing and conjectural. Congental band about the pelvis is very rare and only five such documented cases are reported in the world medical literature. Now we present the sixth case of congental band about the pelvis, treated with multiple Z-plasties, with particular consideration on the etiologic factors

Interaction between nucleophosmin and HBV core protein increases HBV capsid assembly

Host factors are involved in Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome replication and capsid formation during the viral life cycle. A host factor, nucleophosmin (B23), was found to bind to HBV core protein dimers, but its functional role has not been studied. This interaction promoted HBV capsid assembly and decreased the degree of capsid dissociation when subjected to denaturant treatments in vitro. In addition, inhibition of B23 reduced intracellular capsid formation resulting in a decrease of HBV production in HepG2.2.15 cells. These results provide important evidence that B23 acts on core capsid assembly via its interaction with HBV core dimers.Structured summary of protein interactions:B23 and Cp149 colocalize by cosedimentation through density gradient (View interaction)Cp149 physically interacts with B23 by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (1, 2)B23 and B23 bind by blue native page (View interaction)Cp149 and B23 bind by cosedimentation through density gradient (View interaction)B23 binds to Cp149 by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (1, 2, 3, 4) (C) 2014 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2014-01/102/0000001602/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2014-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000001602ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A004208DEPT_CD:3344CITE_RATE:3.582FILENAME:interaction between nucleophosmin and hbv core protein increases hbv.pdfDEPT_NM:생명과학부SCOPUS_YN:YCONFIRM: