24,568 research outputs found
A critical analysis of the hydrino model
Recently, spectroscopic and calorimetric observations of hydrogen plasmas and
chemical reactions with them have been interpreted as evidence for the
existence of electronic states of the hydrogen atom with a binding energy of
more than 13.6 eV. The theoretical basis for such states, that have been dubbed
hydrinos, is investigated. We discuss both, the novel deterministic model of
the hydrogen atom, in which the existence of hydrinos was predicted, and
standard quantum mechanics. Severe inconsistencies in the deterministic model
are pointed out and the incompatibility of hydrino states with quantum
mechanics is reviewed.Comment: 9 page
Water bath calorimetric study of excess heat generation in 'resonant transfer' plasmas
Water bath calorimetry was used to demonstrate one more peculiar phenomenon
associated with a certain class of mixed gas plasmas termed resonant transfer,
or RT plasmas. Specifically, He/H2 (10%) (500 mTorr), Ar/H2 (10%) (500 mTorr),
and H2O(g) (500 and 200 mTorr) plasmas generated with an Evenson microwave
cavity consistently yielded on the order of 50% more heat than non RT plasma
(controls) such as He, Kr, Kr/H2 (10%), under identical conditions of gas flow,
pressure, and microwave operating conditions. The excess power density of RT
plasmas was of the order 10 W / cm-3. In earlier studies with these same RT
plasmas it was demonstrated that other unusual features were present including
dramatic broadening of the hydrogen Balmer series lines, unique vacuum
ultraviolet (VUV) lines, and in the case of water plasmas, population inversion
of the hydrogen excited states. Both the current results and the earlier
results are completely consistent with the existence of a hitherto unknown
exothermic chemical reaction, such as that predicted by Mills, occurring in RT
plasmas.Comment: 30 pages, 2 tables, 5 figure
Neutron die-away experiment for remote analysis of the surface of the moon and the planets, phase 3
Continuing work on the two die-away measurements proposed to be made in the combined pulsed neutron experiment (CPNE) for analysis of lunar and planetary surfaces is described. This report documents research done during Phase 3. A general exposition of data analysis by the least-squares method and the related problem of the prediction of variance is given. A data analysis procedure for epithermal die-away data has been formulated. In order to facilitate the analysis, the number of independent material variables has been reduced to two: the hydrogen density and an effective oxygen density, the latter being determined uniquely from the nonhydrogeneous elemental composition. Justification for this reduction in the number of variables is based on a set of 27 new theoretical calculations. Work is described related to experimental calibration of the epithermal die-away measurement. An interim data analysis technique based solely on theoretical calculations seems to be adequate and will be used for future CPNE field tests
MHD Memes
The celebration of Allan Kaufman's 80th birthday was an occasion to reflect
on a career that has stimulated the mutual exchange of ideas (or memes in the
terminology of Richard Dawkins) between many researchers. This paper will
revisit a meme Allan encountered in his early career in magnetohydrodynamics,
the continuation of a magnetohydrodynamic mode through a singularity, and will
also mention other problems where Allan's work has had a powerful
cross-fertilizing effect in plasma physics and other areas of physics and
mathematics.Comment: Submitted for publication in IOP Journal of Physics: Conference
Series for publication in "Plasma Theory, Wave Kinetics, and Nonlinear
Dynamics", Proceedings of KaufmanFest, 5-7 October 2007, University of
California, Berkeley, US
An analysis of the geographical effects of the Dahomey-Nigeria boundary
This study attempts to describe and analyse the effects of a political boundary on the geographical landscape in part of West Africa Initially pre-colonial conditions are considered - especially the political situation and pattern of indigenous political groupings Secondly, the boundary is described in relation to the factors which influenced its conception and ultimate creation and this is followed by a description of the line finally delimited to separate the two colonies of Dahomey and Nigeria The major section of the thesis deals with the various effects of the boundary By forming the edge of the state the boundary acted to some degree as a negative influence in the landscape and a "frontier zone" developed in relation to different state functions Within the frontier zone the boundary had a positive local influence on some aspects of communications, population movement and rural economies producing what has been termed a "border landscape" Population movement and trade were considered on a larger scale in both legal and illegal aspects while an attempt at measuring the restrictive influence of the boundary was made by applying the interactance hypothesis to movement of traffic on relevant boundary routes A further aspect of the boundary effects deals with the boundary separating two colonial systems At each side a colonial situation imposed from outside influenced, in different ways and to a varying degree, every sphere of the economic, social, political and religious life of the indigenous population Along the boundary, where the two colonial systems met, an apparent and measurable division developed in the geographical landscap
Structural efficiency studies of corrugated compression panels with curved caps and beaded webs
Curved cross-sectional elements are employed in structural concepts for minimum-mass compression panels. Corrugated panel concepts with curved caps and beaded webs are optimized by using a nonlinear mathematical programming procedure and a rigorous buckling analysis. These panel geometries are shown to have superior structural efficiencies compared with known concepts published in the literature. Fabrication of these efficient corrugation concepts became possible by advances made in the art of superplastically forming of metals. Results of the mass optimization studies of the concepts are presented as structural efficiency charts for axial compression
Conserved Noether Currents, Utiyama's Theory of Invariant Variation, and Velocity Dependence in Local Gauge Invariance
The paper discusses the mathematical consequences of the application of
derived variables in gauge fields. Physics is aware of several phenomena, which
depend first of all on velocities (like e.g., the force caused by charges
moving in a magnetic field, or the Lorentz transformation). Applying the
property of the second Noether theorem, that allowed generalised variables,
this paper extends the article by Al-Kuwari and Taha (1991) with a new
conclusion. They concluded that there are no extra conserved currents
associated with local gauge invariance. We show, that in a more general case,
there are further conserved Noether currents. In its method the paper
reconstructs the clue introduced by Utiyama (1956, 1959) and followed by
Al-Kuwari and Taha (1991) in the presence of a gauge field that depends on the
co-ordinates of the velocity space. In this course we apply certain (but not
full) analogies with Mills (1989). We show, that handling the space-time
coordinates as implicit variables in the gauge field, reproduces the same
results that have been derived in the configuration space (i.e., we do not lose
information), while the proposed new treatment gives additional information
extending those. The result is an extra conserved Noether current.Comment: 14 page
Theory of Local Dynamical Magnetic Susceptibilities from the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green Function Method
Within the framework of time-dependent density functional theory combined
with the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green function formalism, we present a real
space methodology to investigate dynamical magnetic excitations from
first-principles. We set forth a scheme which enables one to deduce the correct
effective Coulomb potential needed to preserve the spin-invariance signature in
the dynamical susceptibilities, i.e. the Goldstone mode. We use our approach to
explore the spin dynamics of 3d adatoms and different dimers deposited on a
Cu(001) with emphasis on their decay to particle-hole pairs.Comment: 32 pages (preprint), 6 figures, one tabl
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