Complete Reaction Studies in Exobiology - the Chemistry and Photochemistry of Nucleic Acid Constituents and Related Compounds, and Their Detection, Characterization, and Isolation Semiannual Progress Report No. 4 /final/

Fluorescence spectra for purines, guanine, and benzimidazole - photolysis and photochemical reactions of nucleotide derivatives and isolation of their photolytic primary product

Parameters of the CLIC Transfer Structure for the Multi-Drive Beam Generation Scheme

Three versions of the CLIC Transfer Structure (CTS) have been studied by means of simulations using the MAFIA set of codes. Of these the high impedance version has been built as a prototype and tested in the CTF (CLIC Test Facility). The other two versions were designed with the aim of suiting the requirements of the two Drive Beam Generation schemes presently being pursued for the CLIC scheme. Here we report the simulation results for th CTS to be used in the multi-drive beam generation scheme

Loss factor Dependence on Group Velocity in Disk-Loaded Travelling-Wave Structures

The loss factor, a quantity linked to the energy lost by a point-like charge when traversing an accelerating (or decelerating) structure, can be computed using programs which solve Maxwell's equations in time domain and provide the correct result within the limitations inherent to the numerical simulation process. An alternative method, commonly used, consists in the derivation of the loss factor from the parameter R/Q, which is computed using codes operating in frequency-domain. Recent calculations of the loss factors for disk-loaded structures performed with the two methods have produced diverging results. The discrepancy of the results is a function of the group velocity and can be eliminated by introducing a correction term in the formula linking the loss factor to the R/Q obtained from frequency-domain calculations

PETS Output Power and Drive Beam Deceleration for Finite Q-Values and Tune Errors

PETS performance degradations caused by finite Q-values and small tune errors are estimated. A simple explanation of the recently discovered group velocity enhancement of the loss factor is given

Design of a 3 GHz Accelerator Structure for the CLIC Test Facility (CTF 3) Drive Beam

For the CLIC two-beam scheme, a high-current, long-pulse drive beam is required for RF power generation. Taking advantage of the 3 GHz klystrons available at the LEP injector once LEP stops, a 180 MeV electron accelerator is being constructed for a nominal beam current of 3.5 A and 1.5 microsecond pulse length. The high current requires highly effective suppression of dipolar wakes. Two concepts are investigated for the accelerating structure design: the "Tapered Damped Structure" developed for the CLIC main beam, and the "Slotted Iris - Constant Aperture" structure. Both use 4 SiC loads per cell for effective higher-order mode damping. A full-size prototype of the TDS structure has been built and tested successfully at full power. A first prototype of the SICA structure is being built.Comment: Contribution to Linac 2000 Conference, TUA16 (Poster

The 30 GHz transfer structure for the CLIC study

In the so-called "Two-Beam Acceleration Scheme" the energy of a drive beam is converted to rf power by means of a "Transfer Structure", which plays the role of power source. In the Transfer Structure the bunched drive beam is decelerated by the electromagnetic field which it induces and builds up by the coherent interaction of successive bunches with the chosen longitudinal mode. The CLIC Transfer Structure is original in that it operates at 30 GHz and uses teeth-like corrugations to slow down the hybrid TM mode to make it synchronous with the drive beam. The beam energy is transformed into rf power, which travels along the structure and is collected by the output couplers. The 30 GHz rf power is then transported by means of two waveguides to two main linac disk-loaded accelerating structures. This report describes the CLIC Transfer Structure design, 3-D computer simulations, model construction and measure-ments as well as the prototype construction and testing with the low energy beam in the CLIC Test Facility. The result of this development is a compact, fully passive, relatively simple and low cost device, which offers a readily scalable solution to the problem of rf power extraction from high frequency bunched beams

Beam Stability in the Drive-Beam Decelerator of CLIC Using Structures of High-Order Symmetry

The RF power necessary to accelerate the main beam of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is produced by decelerating a high-current drive beam in Power Extraction and Transfer Structures (PETS). The reference structure is not cylindrically symmetric but has longitudinal waveguides carved into the inner surface. This gives rise to a transverse component of the main longitudinal mode which can not be damped, in contrast to the transverse dipole wake- field. The field is non-linear and couples the motion of the particles in the two planes. Limits of the stability of the decelerated beam are investigated for different structures

A Multi-Drive Beam Scheme for Two-Beam Acceleration in a TeV Linear Collider

The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) study of an e+/e- linear collider in the TeV energy range is based on Two-Beam Acceleration (TBA) in which the overall RF power needed to accelerate the beam is extracted from high intensity relativistic electron beams, the so-called drive beams. Due to the high beam power, acceleration and transport of the drive beams in an efficient and reliable way is specially challenging. An overview of a potentially effective scheme is presented. It is based on the generation of trains of short bunches, accelerated in low frequency c.w. superconducting cavities, stored in an isochronous ring and combined at high energy by funneling before injection by sectors into the drive linac. The various systems of the complex are discussed as well as the beam dynamics all along the process. An original method has been specially developed to stabilize such an intense beam during deceleration and RF power production in the drive lina